{553}
NOTES AND QUERIES:
A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
* * * * *
Vol. V.--No. 137.]
SATURDAY, JUNE 12. 1852
[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.
* * * * *
CONTENTS.
NOTES:-- Page
John Goodwin's Six Booksellers' Proctor nonsuited, by
James Crossley 553
Mr. Collier's Folio Shakspeare: A Passage in "As You Like
It," by Samuel Hickson 554
Notes on Books, No. III.--Laurence Humphrey, President of
Magdalen College, Oxford, and Dean of Winchester, by
S. W. Singer 554
Scoto-Gallicisms 555
On a Passage in "Cymbeline," Act IV. Sc. 2., by
S. W. Singer 556
Old Concert Bill, by Dr. E. F. Rimbault 556
Minor Notes:--Note for Mr. Worsaae--Singular Epitaph-
-Largesse--Brogue and Fetch--Taibhse--Derivation of
"Caul"--"Pandecte," an entire Copy of the Bible 557
QUERIES:--
Boy Bishop at Eton 557
"Speculum Christianorum multa bona continens,"
W. Sparrow Simpson 558
Massacre of the Welsh Bards 558
Minor Queries:--Portrait of William Combe--"Quod non
fecerunt barbari," &c.--Lines on English History--
Windows--Angel-beast; Cleek; Longtriloo--Royal Arms in
Churches--"Cease, rude Boreas"--Pictorial Proverbs--
Inscription on George Inn, Wansted--Learned Man
referred to by Rogers--Mormonism and Spalding's
Romance--Carrs or Calves--Stoup--Casper Ziegler and
the Diaconate--Inscription at Persepolis--"I do not
know what the truth may be"--Twittens--Clapper Gate--
Jemmy--Muffs worn by Gentlemen 558
REPLIES:--
St. Patrick, by D. Rock, &c. 561
Nashe's "Terrors of the Night" 562
Serjeant's Rings 563
The Old Countess of Desmond 564
A few Things about Richard Baxter, by Cuthbert Bede 565
St. Botulph 566
Sir Richard Pole, the Father of Cardinal Pole 567
Proclamations to prohibit the Use of Coal, by F. Somner
Merryweather 568
Ralph Winterton 569
Replies to Minor Queries:--Family of Bullen--Wallington's
Journal--The Amber Witch--Twyford--The Ring Finger--
Brass of Lady Gore--Gospel Trees--"Who from the dark
and doubtful love to run"--Son of the Conqueror; Walter
Tyrrel--Sir Gilbert Gerrard--Fides Carbonarii--Line on
Franklin--Meaning of Royd as an Addition to Yorkshire
Names--Binnacle--Plague Stones--Ramasshed--Yankee
Doodle--"Chords that vibrate," &c.--Derivation of
Martinique--Anthony Babington, &c. 569
MISCELLANEOUS:--
Notes on Books, &c. 574
Books and Odd Volumes wanted 575
Notices to Correspondents 575
Advertisements 575
* * * * *
Notes.
JOHN GOODWIN'S SIX BOOKSELLERS' PROCTOR NONSUITED.
The London booksellers of the present day (good harmless men!) are
satisfied with endeavouring to put down heresies as to discounts. Their
predecessors, in the year 1655, set to work in good earnest, associated to
purify the faith by denouncing in an Index expurgatorius, under the
alarming titles of _A Beacon set on Fire_, and _A Second Beacon set on
Fire_, all publications of a blasphemous, heretical, or improper kind. Six
booksellers, viz. Luke Fawne, Samuel Gellibrand, Joshua Kirton, John
Rothwell, Thomas Underhill, and Nathaniel Webb, took the lead on the
occasion; and the battle waxed hot and fierce between them and the
apologists of the books condemned. Amongst the latter was the famous John
Goodwin, whose part in the controversy Mr. Jackson, in his elaborate Life
of him, has adverted to, and has noticed his pamphlet entitled _The High
Presbyterian Spirit_, written in answer to the _Second Beacon Fired_. John
Goodwin, however, published a second pamphlet in the same controversy,
neither noticed by Mr. Jackson, nor any one else that I am aware of, in
which he finishes up his first charge upon the unfortunate booksellers, and
lays on them with a vigour and determination that it does one good to see
so well bestowed, scattering their arguments and quotations to the winds,
and sending them back to their proper occupation of printing and
publishing, instead of clipping and suppressing. The title of this very
rare pamphlet, which is to be found in vol. xviii. of a collection of
tracts (between 1640 and 1660) in ninety-six vols. 4to., made by President
Bradshaw, and containing many of his MS. notes and observations now in my
possession, is as follows:
"Six Booksellers' Proctor Nonsuited, wherein the gross Falsifications
and Untruths, together with the inconsiderate and weak Passages found
in the Apologie for the said Booksellers, are briefly noted and
evicted. And the said Booksellers proved so unworthy both in their
Second Beacon Fired, and likewise in their Epistle written in Defence
of it, that they are out of the Protection of any Christian or
reasonable Apologie for either. By J. G., a Minister of the Gospel of
{554} Jesus Christ. London printed for H. Cripps and L. Lloyd, 1655,
4to., pages 23."
I might give an extract or two from this very interesting tract, but do not
wish to trespass too much upon your space. Perhaps, next to Milton, there
is no writer of the time of the Commonwealth equal to John Goodwin, in
power and elevation of composition; and I am glad therefore to be able to
add one more to the series of his pamphlets which his biographer has with
so much industry and research enumerated at the close of the Life.
JAS. CROSSLEY.
* * * * *
MR. COLLIER'S FOLIO SHAKSPEARE: A PASSAGE IN "AS YOU LIKE IT."
It appears to me so obvious that the degree of authority to be conceded to
each particular correction or emendation in Mr. Collier's folio Shakspeare
must depend in a great measure on the general character of the proposed
alterations throughout the work, that I cannot help thinking it would be
desirable to reserve all controversy on such points until after the
appearance of the promised volume. Such a resolution I made for myself, and
to it I shall religiously adhere. This much only I shall say, that, of the
specimens given by Mr. Collier in the _Athenæum_,--sufficient at once to
excite interest and to gratify curiosity,--some of the corrections appear
to be of that nature that no conjecture could have supplied, while all are
good enough to command a deferential consideration.
Your correspondent A. E. B. has attempted a defence of the original reading
of two passages amended in Mr. Collier's folio. For the reason above given
I shall neither answer your correspondent, nor even say whether I think him
right or wrong; but it will not be overstepping the bounds I have
prescribed myself, if I take up a collateral point he has raised in
reference to one of these passages. To strengthen the case for the reading
of the passage in _Cymbeline_, Act III. Sc. 4., "Whose mother was her
painting," he cites a passage from _As You Like It_, Act III. Sc. 5., in
which he says, "_mother_ is directly used as a sort of warranty of female
beauty!" Here is the passage:
"Who might be your mother,
That you insult, exult, and all at once,
Over the wretched?"
Shakspeare was, if I am not mistaken, one of those persons to whom a
_mother_ was, as some one expresses it, "the holiest thing alive." He
concentrates this sentiment in the words of Troilus (_Troilus and
Cressida_, Act V. Sc. 2.):
"Let it not be believ'd for womanhood:
Think we had mothers."
And again, in those of Palamon (which I have no doubt are Shakspeare's) in
the _Two Noble Kinsmen_, Act V. Sc. 1.:
"I have been harsh
To large confessors, and have hotly ask'd them
If they had mothers? I had one, a woman,
And women t'were they wrong'd."
Now it seems to me that the same feeling is implied in Rosalind's reproof
to Phebe; and that there is no ground whatever for saying that _mother_ is
used as a warranty for _female beauty_, but rather as one for feminine
qualities. Rosalind in effect says, "who might your mother be that you
should be so unfeeling?" And, as she tells her plainly she sees no beauty
in her, it is clearly to be inferred that it must have been for some other
quality that her mother was to be "warranty." Rosalind, in other words,
might have said, "Had you a mother, a woman, that you can so discredit the
character of womanhood as to exult, insult and all at once, over the
wretched?"
It might however be contended, that Rosalind's question referred to the
rank, condition, or personal appearance of the mother. The latter only
bears upon this question; and with regard to that it may be said, that if
beauty had been transmitted to the daughter (independently of the
questioner having decided _that_ it had not), the question was not needed.
Rosalind, in short, seeks for a better cause for Phebe's pride or want of
feeling than her own insufficient attractions, in the nature or quality of
her mother. It will be observed that, in this view, I have conceded that
_who_ may be taken with something of the signification of _what_; but the
answer to the question, taken strictly, must be the name of some individual
who might be known to the Querist, and be in some measure a warranty for
the disposition of the daughter, though for no personal beauty but her own.
SAMUEL HICKSON.
* * * * *
NOTES ON BOOKS, NO. III.--LAURENCE HUMPHREY, PRESIDENT OF MAGDALEN COLLEGE,
OXFORD, AND DEAN OF WINCHESTER.
In the year 1558 a handsome volume was printed at Basle, in folio in Greek,
by Jerome Frobenius and Nicholas Episcopius, with the following title:
"[Greek: KERAS AMALTHEIAS, Ê ÔKEANOS. TÔN EXÊGÊSEÔN ÔMÊRIKÔN, ek tôn
tou Eustatheiou parekbolôn sunêrmosmenôn]--_i.e._ Copiæ Cornu sive
Oceanus Enarrationum Homericarum, ex Eustathii in eundem commentariis
concinnatarum, Hadriano Junio autore."
To an Oxford man, independent of its merit as a compendium of the prolix
comment of Eustathius, this volume should be especially interesting, on
account of the prefatory dissertation "Ad {555} Magdalinenses," entitled
_De Græcis Literis et Homeri Lectione et Imitatione_, by Laurence Humphrey.
This worthy was sometime Greek reader in the university, but went abroad on
account of religion at the accession of Queen Mary, and did not return
until happier times after her death. He seems to have been living at Basle
with Frobenius and Episcopius _in honestissimo loco_, but he could not
avoid often thinking of his native land,--of Newport-Pagnell in Bucks,
where he was born,--of Cambridge, where he received the rudiments of Latin
and Greek,--but more especially of Oxford, where he completed his
education. His feeling panegyric of his Alma Mater, shows him to have been
at least one of her grateful sons. The dissertation is highly creditable to
him, considering the period at which it was written; and the passage in
which he gives an account of the work is not devoid of interest.
"For the rest we give not Homer alone, but the Expositor Eustathius is
subjoined. Yet not entire but reduced into a compendium by a man of
untiring labour and noble learning--Hadrian Junius, not unknown to
you,--for he lived some time in England, dedicated his Greek Lexicon to
our royal Edward the Sixth, and has since published the _Annals of
Queen Mary_, his _Animadversiones_, and _Centuries Adagiorum_, which
issued from the press of Frobenius: he also effected this good work.
Therefore although I had rather have the whole of Eustathius than the
half, and to say the truth Epitomies never pleased me, yet because this
author is prolix, and difficult to meet with, this perfect compendium
of such an estimable work (which seems to me to be the best
interpreter, poetical-elucidator, Greek lexicon, and onomasticon), will
be useful to any one. I recommend, then, our Eustathio-Junian Homer to
you."
In 1560 Laurence Humphrey seems to have been still at Basle; for in that
year he printed at the press of Oporinus, in 12mo., a work which he
dedicates to Queen Elizabeth, entitled _Optimates, sive de Nobilitate,
ejusque Antiqua Origine, Natura, Officiis, disciplina, et recta Christiana
Institutione_; at the end of which he printed the argument of Philo-Judæus,
[Greek: peri eugeneias], with a Latin version. This found favour in the
eyes of an English translator, and it was printed at London by Thomas
Marshe in 1563, 16mo., under the following title:--
"The Nobles, or of Nobilitye. The original, duties, ryght, and
Christian Institucion thereof, in three Bookes. Fyrste eloquentlye
written in Latine by Laurence Humphrey, D. of Divinity and Presidente
of Magdaleine College in Oxforde, lately Englished. Whereto, for the
reader's commoditye and matters affinitye, is coupled the small
treatyse of Philo a Jewe. By the same Author out of Greek Latined, now
also Englished."
Antony à Wood gives a list of the writings of Laurence Humphrey, among
which is a life of Bishop Jewell in Latin: he also speaks highly of his
scholarship and proficiency in theology. After his return from abroad he
became Regius Professor of Divinity at Oxford, and President of his
college. In 1570 he was made Dean of Gloucester, and ten years afterward
Dean of Winchester. His divinity was strongly tinctured with Calvinism, but
he was a zealous and able defender of the Reformation. His death occurred
in 1589-90.
S. W. SINGER.
* * * * *
SCOTO-GALLICISMS.
The following list of Scottish words derived from the French language is
chiefly taken from the pages of the _Scottish Journal_, a small weekly
periodical, published at Edinburgh, which came to a conclusion, after
rather less than a year's existence, in the summer of 1848. It is generally
supposed that most of these words were introduced during the time of Queen
Mary's minority, when French troops were sent to Scotland; but the first
appearance of some of them may unquestionably be referred to an earlier
period. Perhaps some of the readers of "N. & Q." may be able to communicate
other examples, which, however, as a reference to Jamieson's _Scottish
Dictionary_ will show, are by no means very numerous.
_Aschet._ A large flat plate for meat. Fr. Assiette, a trencher plate.
_Aumrie_ or _Almerie_. A cupboard; also, a place in churches and
monasteries where the sacred vessels and alms were deposited.
(_Dunbar._) Fr. Armoire, aumonerie.
_Braw_ or _Bra'_. Fine, handsome, gaily dressed. (_Burns._) Fr. Brave.
_Bonaillie._ A parting glass with a friend going a journey.
(_Wallace._) Fr. Bon allez.
_Butterie Bejan_ (or _Bajan_). A term applied to a "freshman," or
student of the first year, at the Universities of St. Andrews and
Aberdeen. Fr. Butor, a booby or clod; and Bejaune, a novice. (Lamont's
_Diary_, p. 114., note.)
_Certie_, _Certy--By my._ By my troth. Fr. Certes, certainly.
_Cummer_ or _Kimmer_. A gossip. (_Kelly._) Fr. Commère.
_Dour._ Hard or obstinate. (_Douglas._) Fr. Dur.
_Fasheous._ Troublesome. (_Baillie._) Fr. Facheux, facheuse.
_Flunkie._ A livery servant. Old Fr. Flanchier; same signification as
henchman (haunchman). (_Quart. Rev._, vol. lxxix. p. 344.)
_Fracaw._ Noise or uproar. Fr. Fracas.
_Gardevine_ or _Gurdyveen_. A large bottle, and sometimes a celleret,
for holding wine. Fr. Garde-vin.
_Gardyloo._ A cry formerly raised by servants in Edinburgh, when they
threw dirty water, &c. from the windows after ten at night.
(_Smollett._) Fr. Garde de l'eau.
_Goo._ A particular taste or savour. Fr. Goût.
{556} _Grange._ A granary, &c. (used also in English). Fr. Grange.
_Grosert_, _Groser_, or _Groset_. A gooseberry. (_Burns._) Fr.
Groseille.
_Gud-brither._ Brother-in-law. Fr. Bon-frère.
_Haveril._ A simpleton, or April-fool. (_Burns._) Fr. Avril.
_Jalouse--To._ To suspect. (_Antiquary._) Fr. Jalouse.
_Jigot._ The hip-joint of lamb or mutton (used also in English). Fr.
Gigot.
_Jupe._ A woman's mantle or pelisse. Fr. Jupe, a long coat.
_Kickshaws._ A made-up dish. Fr. Quelque chose.
_Multiplepoinding._ An action in Scottish law, somewhat similar to the
English bill of interpleader in Chancery. Fr. Multiplie-poindre.
_Multure_ or _Mouter_. The fee for grinding grain. (_Douglas._) Fr.
Mouture.
_Onding._ A heavy fall of rain or snow. Fr. Ondée(?).
_Petticoat tails._ A species of cake baked with butter, sometimes
called "short-bread." (_Bride of Lammermoor._) Fr. Petits gatelles
(more correctly, gateaux).
_Ruckle_ or _Rickle_. A heap or collection. Fr. Recueil.
_Servite_ or _Servet_. A table napkin. (_Spalding._) Fr. Serviette.
_Verity--Chair of._ A pulpit. Fr. La chaire de vérité. (Croker's
_Boswell's Johnson_, p. 513.)
_Vizzie_, _Vizy_, or _Visie_. A scrutinising view, aim, or sight at the
muzzle of a gun. (_Bride of Lammermoor._) Fr. Visée, aim.
_Wallees_ or _Valises_. Saddlebags. (_Godscroft._) Fr. Valise, a
portmanteau.
E. N.
* * * * *
ON A PASSAGE IN "CYMBELINE," ACT IV. SC. 2.
It is so usual with Malone and some other commentators on Shakspeare to
impute the errors of the printer to the poet, that we often find the most
glaring instances of false grammar, and anomalies of construction, laid to
his charge, and defended as the practice of the time; and as his own
practice!
The following passage is an instance in point:
"_Gui._ Why, he but sleeps;
If he be gone, he'll make his grave a bed;
With female fairies will his tomb be haunted,
And worms will not come to thee."
Steevens with reason says:
"This change from the second person to the third is so violent, that I
cannot help imputing it to the players, transcribers, or printers."
He proposed to read _him_ for _thee_. Malone of course defends the
absurdity. We may, however, be assured that it is not attributable to the
poet. Whoever reads the passage with attention will perceive that the
allusion in the last line is not to Fidele, but to the fairies haunting his
tomb. It should be remembered that it was held that no noxious creatures
would be found where fairies resort.
The compositor, as in other cases, mistook the word, probably written
"th[=e]," and printed "thee" for "them."
Your correspondent MR. HALLIWELL having noticed my approval of the
emendation of a passage in _Coriolanus_, found in MR. COLLIER's copy of the
second folio, where "bosom multiplied" is happily corrected to "bissom
multitude," perhaps I may be permitted to say that I cannot subscribe to
his opinion, that "it is one of those alterations which no conjectural
ingenuity could have suggested." To me it appears that the steps are
obvious by which any intelligent reader of the poet might be led to make
the correction. The word which was mistaken by the printer for "bosome"
occurs in a previous scene of the play, where it is "beesome" in the
folios; and a recollection of this would naturally lead to the conjectured
emendation. Indeed the word appears to have been not unfrequently written
"beasom," as we find it in Huloet's _Dictionary_. The word "multitude"
would suggest itself to any attentive reader of the play, from its repeated
occurrence in the 3rd Scene of Act II.: and we must always suppose the
writer to have been intent upon correcting errata. The correction of
"infuite comming" to "infinite cunning," in _Measure for Measure_, is, in
my mind, an instance quite equal in "conjectural ingenuity;" and we know
that we owe it to that of the late Mr. Sidney Walker.
I must candidly confess that the specimens of the corrections given by MR.
COLLIER in his first two communications to the _Athenæum_ gave me the same
dissatisfaction and apprehension that MR. HALLIWELL appears to have
entertained; but I do not draw the same inference that gentleman seems to
do, from the occurrence of this one truly happy conjectural emendation. It
is, however, sufficient to convey a favourable notion of the acuteness of
the writer of the emendatory notes, and nothing more.
S. W. SINGER
* * * * *
OLD CONCERT BILL.
The following curious bill (the original of which is in my possession) of a
benefit concert given by Signor Carbonelli, at Drury Lane Theatre, in 1722,
will enable us to form some opinion of the musical taste prevailing in
London in the first quarter of the eighteenth century:
"DRURY LANE THEATRE.
_May 4._
SIGNOR CARBONELLI'S CONCERT.
ACT I.
_A New Concerto_ for Two Trumpets, composed and
performed by Grano and others.
_A New Concerto_, by Albinoni, just brought over.
_Song_, Mrs. Barbier.
_Concerto_, composed by Signor Carbonelli.
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