The Bible and other Sacred Books. Newspapers, &c.
"Anonyma" continued. The Bible and other Sacred Books.
Commentaries and Concordances. Newspapers and Periodicals.
Directories and Annuals.
There are various books which, while not strictly anonymous, are
regarded for cataloguing as if they were. Some of these have already
been referred to under Societies, but there remain a few others to
consider. Among them are the Bible and other sacred books, the Koran,
the Talmud, the Vedas, etc.
The Bible calls more frequently for attention than any of the others.
All editions of the text or portions of it are entered under the
heading "Bible," and, if they are numerous, the entries are sub-divided
and arranged in this or some similar order:--
a. The whole Bible (whether including the
apocryphal books or not).
1. Original language. Polyglots.
2. Greek and Latin.
3. English.
4. All other languages alphabetically by
the names of the languages.
5. Selections from the Old and New
Testaments in the order of the
Books ("Authorised Version").
b. The Old Testament.
1. Hebrew.
2. English.
3. Other languages (as before).
4. Selections from the Old Testament.
c. The New Testament.
1. Greek.
2. English.
3. Other languages.
4. Selections from the New Testament.
If there were a number of entries under any one of these sub-divisions,
they would be placed in chronological order by editions. The
selections, if many, would be arranged first by the names of the books,
then by languages, and lastly by editions as before.
A few illustrations typical of the form of entry will be useful.
=Bible, The=:
_Old and New Testaments.
Greek._ British Museum. Facsimile of the
Codex Alexandrinus. 4 v. 4º 1879-83 220.48
_English._ The Holy Bible. 4º _Oxford Univ.
Press_, 1857 220.52
-- Authorised version, in the easy reporting
style of Pitman's shorthand. 20th cent.
ed. n.d. 220.52
_French_. La sainte Bible; traduction d' Ostervald.
_Paris_, 1899 220.54
_Italian_. La sacra Bibbia; tradotta da Diodati.
_Roma_, 1880 220.55
_Old Testament.
Irish_; transl. by Wm. Bedel. 4º 1685 221.562
_Parts of Old Testament._
Genesis; ed. by G. W. Wade. 1896 222.11
-- and part of Exodus: a revised version,
with marginal references, &c., by Henry
Alford. 1872 222.11
Psalms. _Greek_. The Psalms according to
the Septuagint; ed. by H. B. Swete.
_Camb._, 1896 223.2
Daniel and Ezra. _Hebrew and English_.
John Leusden's translation of all the
Syriac verses into pure Biblical Hebrew,
with the parallel text in English. 1900 224.5
The New Testament wholly or in parts would be similarly arranged.
All the foregoing remarks apply only to _editions of the text_ as
far as the dictionary catalogue is concerned. Commentaries on the
whole Bible, or on the separate books, follow the customary rules
for main entry, and only come under the general heading of "Bible"
as subject when they deal with the Bible as a whole. Commentaries
upon the Old Testament or the New Testament _separately_ are entered
under "Old Testament" and "New Testament" respectively--not under
"Bible"; and isolated commentaries upon a particular book under the
name of that book. These points are more clearly shown by examples.
When a commentary covers the whole Bible, or is meant to do so, as
The Speaker's Commentary, The Expositor's Bible, The International
Critical Commentary, The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges, and
others, there would be a main-entry under the general editor's name,
and subordinate entries or references (entries are better) under the
writers or editors of the separate volumes. The contents of the volumes
must either be set out under the main-entry or under the heading
"Bible."
DRIVER, Samuel R., and others (_Eds._) The
international critical commentary on the Holy
Scriptures. 24 v. 1909-13 220.7
In course of publication. For the contents of
the volumes _see_ Bible (Commentaries).
=Bible, The=:
_Commentaries._
Driver, S. R. &c. (_Eds._) International critical
commentary. 24 v. 1909-13 220.7
Genesis, by John Skinner; Exodus, by
A. R. S. Kennedy (following on through the
rest of the books in the Bible order).
It is literally more correct to set out the contents of these different
volumes under the main-entry (Driver), but it is far more convenient to
give them under "Bible," as above. If given under "Driver," then the
note should be attached to the entry under "Bible."
The different volumes, as said before, are catalogued under the names
of the individual authors, but not under the names of the separate
books when they are part of a general commentary, as
SKINNER, John. A critical and exegetical commentary
on Genesis. (_International critical
commentary._) 1910 220.7
An alternative and briefer form is
BROOKE, A. E. International critical commentary:
The Johannine Epistles. 1912 220.7
When a writer has contributed more than one volume to the work the
entries can be amalgamated in this fashion
SANDAY, Wm. International critical commentary:
Synopsis of the four Gospels. The Epistle to
the Romans. 2 v. 1907-13 220.7
In the event of it being decided to give references instead of entries
under the names of the authors of the separate volumes, such references
must direct to the entry where the contents of the volumes are set out,
otherwise the connection will not be apparent. The contents being under
"Bible" in the above instance, the reference should read
SKINNER, John. _See_ Bible (Commentaries):
Driver. International critical commentary.
Without the latter part this reference would be too indefinite to be
useful. The entry itself, first shown under Skinner, takes hardly less
space, and is preferable.
When a book is what may be called a monograph-commentary, i.e., a book
standing alone upon a single book or two or three books of the Bible,
it receives the same treatment as would any other work, irrespective of
its connection with the Bible. For example
THOLUCK, A. Commentary on the Gospel of St.
John. 1860 226.5
is placed with any other books upon the Fourth Gospel, as
=John, St., Gospel of=:
Tholuck, A. Commentary on the Gospel of
St. John. 1860 226.5
Monographs of this character are not lost to the inquirer who only
consults the heading "Bible," if the guiding references are provided.
=Bible, The=:
_Commentaries.
See also_ Old Testament; New Testament;
_and the names of the separate Books as_
Genesis, Job, John, St.
=Old Testament=:
_See also the names of the separate Books._
=New Testament=:
_See also the names of the separate Books._
There is a gain in economy by entering books upon any or all of St.
Paul's Epistles under his name, instead of distributing them under the
names of the churches to which they were addressed. Books to illustrate
this are
LIGHTFOOT, J. B., _Bp._ St. Paul's Epistle to the
Philippians: a revised text; with intro., notes,
and dissertations. 1900 227.6
-- St. Paul's Epistles to the Colossians and to
Philemon: a revised text; with intros., notes,
and dissertations. 7th ed. 1884 227.7
-- St. Paul's Epistle to the Galatians: a revised
text; with intro., notes, and dissertations.
1902 227.4
PRIDHAM, Arthur. Notes and reflections on the
Epistle to the Philippians. [1879] 227.6
Although the Lightfoot volumes contain the original text of the
Epistles, their value may be said to lie in the notes and dissertations
which bring them under the monograph-commentary arrangement. They may,
further, be regarded as a single work in three volumes--as in reality
they are, though it is not so stated on the title-pages. The entries
for subject are
=Paul, St.=:
Lightfoot, J. B. St. Paul's Epistles. 3 v.
1884-1902
1. Galatians 227.4
2. Philippians 227.6
3. Colossians and Philemon 227.7
Pridham, A. Notes, &c. on the Epistle to the
Philippians. [1879] 227.6
References can be given from the names of the several Epistles, always
provided there are books upon them under the heading, as
Galatians, Epistle to the. _See_ Paul, St.
Those who have but limited space at their disposal may consider that
the principal entries above given under Lightfoot are too full, and
should be reduced. In their case the style given under "Paul, St."
may, with a little amplification, be taken to afford more definite
information, as
LIGHTFOOT, J. B., _Bp._ St. Paul's Epistles; with
intros., notes, &c. 3 v.
1. Galatians. 1902 227.4
2. Philippians. 1900 227.6
3. Colossians and Philemon. 1884 227.7
The cataloguing of the Bible or its parts, and books upon it, presents
little or no trouble in the classified catalogue, as the systems of
classification are very fully and carefully worked out under this
division, as in Dewey's 220 to 229.
The editions of the sacred books of other religions will not be so many
in most libraries, and consequently need no special consideration. The
following two books upon the Koran will suggest the method of entry for
others:
Koran, The; transl. from the Arabic by J. M.
Rodwell. (_Everyman's lib_.) [1909] 297
Wherry, E. M. Commentary on the Qurán, comprising
Sale's translation. 4 v. 1896 297
References are necessary from the names of the religions concerned.
=Mohammedanism=:
_See also_ Koran.
Varieties of the name, as Qurán and Coran, hardly need notice for
reference purposes, as presumably a searcher would not fail to look
under Koran. The same remark applies to Mahomet and Muhammed, though a
reference from Islam to Mohammedanism is desirable. A reference from
Christianity to the Bible would be superfluous.
It will be noticed that the main-entry for the Wherry book is not given
under "Koran." The reason for this is the same as that for the books by
Bishop Lightfoot, viz., that the commentary, and not the text, is the
essential part of the work. Therefore the principal entry is
WHERRY, E. M. A comprehensive commentary
on the Qurán, comprising Sale's translation
and preliminary discourse. (_Trübner's
Oriental ser._) 4 v. 1896 297
References from the translators named in both the books are essential,
especially as Sale's is the better known, though the reference is more
usefully given to the Koran, as
Sale, George (_transl._) _See_ Koran, The.
Rodwell, J. M. (_transl._) _See_ Koran, The.
Though both of these books belong to series, neither series is of
the character that calls for an entry under its name, unless it be
the "Trübner's Oriental Series." The "Everyman's Library" is too
comprehensive, and both are sufficiently noticed by naming the series
in the main-entries, as shown.
The instructions laid down in some of the codes of rules would seem to
imply that the writers of commentaries should be left in obscurity.
This is not so: they stand upon the same footing as other authors, and
are entitled to the same consideration; their names being adopted for
the main-entry, as shown in the Lightfoot and Wherry examples given
above; unless the commentaries are of so slight a character, being
mere notes, or otherwise occupy so small a place as to be nothing more
than an editing of the text. An instance of this latter type is a book
bearing the title
Sartor resartus: a fully annotated edition with an introductory
essay on Thomas Carlyle, by Rev. James Wood. 1902
Carlyle's name does not appear upon the title-page as the author,
probably because it was deemed unnecessary to give it, but it is
rendered simply as
CARLYLE, Thomas. Sartor resartus; annotated,
with an intro. essay on Carlyle, by James
Wood. 1902 824.82
with the usual reference from the editor
WOOD, Jas. (_Ed._) _See_ Carlyle, Thos.
or more definitely
WOOD, James (_Ed._) _See_ Carlyle, Thomas (Sartor
resartus.)
The first of these references contains abbreviated forms of Christian
names, which, as economies, are quite allowable, because they are well
recognised and convey the same meaning as if given in full. Other names
of the kind are Alex., Alf. or Alfd., Chas., Edwd., Eliz., Fredk.,
Geo., Margt., Robt., Saml., Wm., though it is inadvisable to use them
in the transcriptions of book titles; "The marriage of Wm. Ashe," "Sir
Geo. Tressady," "Geo.'s mother," must be avoided.
In the same category as commentaries come concordances, with some
differences of opinion as to the necessity for giving the main-entry
under the compiler's name or the author concordanced. The compiler
is entitled to an acknowledgment of his work, although it is of the
"scissors and paste" order of literature; it is, however, not a matter
of great moment, as under any circumstances both entries are given. The
following are illustrations:
ELLIS, F. S. A lexical concordance to the poetical
works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. 1892 821.77
HUSBAND, M. F. A. A dictionary of the characters
in the Waverley Novels of Sir Walter Scott.
1910 823.73
=Shelley, Percy B.=:
Ellis, F. S. Concordance to the poetical
works of Shelley. 1892 821.77
=Scott, Sir Walter=:
Husband, M. F. A. Dictionary of the
characters in the Waverley Novels. 1910 823.73
Newspapers, magazines, periodicals, reviews, directories, annuals,
almanacks, and publications of like kind are also regarded as
anonymous, and are given a first-word title-entry.
Newspapers of a general character published in London would be entered
in British catalogues without any regard to the place of publication, as
Times, The.
Daily Telegraph, The.
Westminster Gazette, The.
Illustrated London News, The.
and not as London Times, London Daily Telegraph, London Westminster
Gazette, London News, Illustrated. Local papers, on the other hand, are
entered under the name of the place, whether the name appears in their
titles or not, as
Chelsea. West London Press.
Manchester Guardian, The.
Liverpool. Porcupine, The.
Leeds Mercury, The.
The number of volumes and period covered should be given as well as
any change of names the papers have undergone. The editors, even
when known, pass unnoticed, and no general heading of "Newspapers"
(or any other entry) is required except in the classified catalogue,
where all newspapers fall into place under the heading--in the Dewey
classification 072 (Newspapers--English).
Magazines and periodicals receive similar treatment, being entered
under the first word of their distinctive titles, as
Athenæum, The.
Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine.
Dublin Review, The.
Nature.
Review of Reviews, The.
Spectator, The.
When newspapers, periodicals, or magazines change their titles without
breaking the continuity of publication, retaining some connection
between their old and new titles, the entries are given under the
latest titles, with references from the earlier if required, as
Nineteenth Century, The,--and after.
Nation, The (formerly The Speaker).
Speaker, The. _See_ Nation, The.
The alternative and better form, especially where the periodical has a
separate volume number sequence under each of the titles, is to enter
both as if quite distinct publications, but with notes attached marking
the connection, as
Speaker, The. 10 v. 1890-1900 052
_See under_ Nation, The, _for continuation_.
Nation, The. v. 1-12. 1900-12 052
_And continuation. Formerly_ The Speaker. _See
under_ Speaker.
Weekly and monthly periodicals are sometimes the official organs of
learned or scientific societies, in which case the name of the society
becomes the entry word, as
Society of Arts, Journal of the.
Royal Geographical Society, Journal of the.
Society of Chemical Industry, Journal of the.
References are given, where deemed necessary, from the first word of
the title to the name of the society
Journal of the Society of Arts. _See_ Society of
Arts.
Publications such as these, and other technical or scientific
periodicals, deserve, and should receive, additional entries under the
names of the subjects with which they are mainly concerned, even if
the subjects are not indicated by their titles. The building papers,
for example, are as much devoted to architecture as to building, and
need subject-entries as well as main-entries, thus:--
=Architecture=:
_Periodicals._
Architect, The.
Architectural Review, The.
British Architect, The.
Builder, The.
Building News, The.
So far as the nature of the contents of all these papers goes, they may
fitly be entered in the same manner under "Building"--_The Architect_
and _The British Architect_, having as much to do with building as
_The Builder_ and _The Building News_. To prevent misunderstanding,
it may be explained that the mere titles above are given to show the
method of entry; the number of volumes, dates of publication, or other
particulars must be added in the ordinary way.
Directories, annuals, and other "books which are not books," receive
first-word entry as already stated, but a few examples may be cited.
Medical directory, The. 1912 926.1
Law list, The. 1913 923.4
Crockford's Clerical directory. 1913 922
Kelly's Handbook to the titled, landed, and
official classes. 1912 923
Statesman's year-book, The; ed. by J. Scott Keltie. 1912 310
WHITAKER, Joseph. Almanack. 1913 310
Of these, the first two hardly need further entries, unless they
be under "Doctors" and "Lawyers," the third must be entered under
"Clergy," the fourth, though merely a directory of selected names,
receives a title-entry, as
Titled, landed, &c. classes, Kelly's Handbook.
1912 923
The last two might very well be entered under a heading of
"Statistics"; although not on statistics, they contain much statistical
information. General directories are not entered under a heading
"Directories," but under the names of the places or classes with which
they are concerned.