{ Tho*mæ"an, Tho*me"an} (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A member of the ancient
church of Christians established on the Malabar coast of India, which
some suppose to have been originally founded by the Apostle Thomas.
{ Tho"mism (?), Tho"ma*ism (?), } n. (Eccl. Hist.) The doctrine of
Thomas Aquinas, esp. with respect to predestination and grace.
Tho"mist (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Thomas Aquinas. See
Scotist.
Tho"mite (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A Thomæan.
Thom"sen*o*lite (?), n. [Named after Dr. J. Thomsen of Copenhagen. See
-lite.] (Min.) A fluoride of aluminium, calcium, and sodium occurring
with the cryolite of Greenland.
Thom"sen's dis*ease" (?). [From Thomsen, a physician of Sleswick.]
(Med.) An affection apparently congenital, consisting in tonic
contraction and stiffness of the voluntary muscles occurring after a
period of muscular inaction.
Thom*so"ni*an (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to Thomsonianism. — n. A
believer in Thomsonianism; one who practices Thomsonianism.
Thom*so"ni*an*ism (?), n. (Med.) An empirical system which assumes that
the human body is composed of four elements, earth, air, fire, and
water, and that vegetable medicines alone should be used; — from the
founder, Dr. Samuel Thomson, of Massachusetts.
Thom"son*ite (?), n. [From R. D. Thomson, of Glasgow.] (Min.) A
zeolitic mineral, occurring generally in masses of a radiated
structure. It is a hydrous silicate of aluminia, lime, and soda. Called
also mesole, and comptonite.
Thong (?), n. [OE. thong, þwong, thwang, AS. þwang; akin to Icel.
þvengr a thong, latchet. √57. Cf. Twinge.] A strap of leather;
especially, one used for fastening anything.
And nails for loosened spears, and thongs for shields, provide.
Dryden.
Thong seal (Zoöl.), the bearded seal. See the Note under Seal.
Tho"oid (?), a. [Gr. &?;, &?;, the jacal + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Of or
pertaining to a group of carnivores, including the wovels and the dogs.
Thor (?), n. [Icel. þrs. Cf. Thursday.] (Scand. Myth.) The god of
thunder, and son of Odin.
||Tho`ra*cen*te"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; thorax + &?; pricking,
||from &?; to prick, stab.] (Surg.) The operation of puncturing the
||chest wall so as to let out liquids contained in the cavity of the
||chest.
||
Tho*rac"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. thoracique.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the
thorax, or chest.
Thoracic duct (Anat.), the great trunk of the lymphatic vessels,
situated on the ventral side of the vertebral column in the thorax and
abdomen. See Illust. of Lacteal.
Tho*rac"ic, n. [Cf. F. thoracique.] (Zoöl.) One of a group of fishes
having the ventral fins placed beneath the thorax or beneath the
pectorial fins.
||Tho*rac"i*ca (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) A division of cirripeds
||including those which have six thoracic segments, usually bearing six
||pairs of cirri. The common barnacles are examples.
||
Tho`ra*com"e*ter (?), n. (Physiol.) Same as Stethometer.
Tho`ra*co*plas"ty (?), n. [Thorax + plasty.] (Med.) A remodeling or
reshaping of the thorax; especially, the operation of removing the
ribs, so as to obliterate the pleural cavity in cases of empyema.
||Tho`ra*cos"tra*ca (?), n. pl. [NL. See Thorax, and Ostracoid, a.]
||(Zoöl.) An extensive division of Crustacea, having a dorsal shield or
||carapec&?; &?;&?;niting all, or nearly all, of the thoracic somites
||to the head. It includes the crabs, lobsters, shrimps, and similar
||species.
||
Tho`ra*cot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. &?;, &?;, thorax + &?; to cut.] (Surg.)
The operation of opening the pleural cavity by incision.
Tho"ral (?), a. [L. torus a couch, bed.] Of or pertaining to a bed.
[R.]
Tho"rax (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] 1. (Anat.) The part of the trunk
between the neck and the abdomen, containing that part of the body
cavity the walls of which are supported by the dorsal vertebræ, the
ribs, and the sternum, and which the heart and lungs are situated; the
chest.
In mammals the thoracic cavity is completely separated from the
abdominal by the diaphragm, but in birds and many reptiles the
separation is incomplete, while in other reptiles, and in amphibians
and fishes, there is no marked separation and no true thorax.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The middle region of the body of an insect, or that
region which bears the legs and wings. It is composed of three united
somites, each of which is composed of several distinct parts. See
Illust. in Appendix. and Illust. of Coleoptera. (b) The second, or
middle, region of the body of a crustacean, arachnid, or other
articulate animal. In the case of decapod Crustacea, some writers
include under the term thorax only the three segments bearing the
maxillipeds; others include also the five segments bearing the legs.
See Illust. in Appendix.
3. (Antiq.) A breastplate, cuirass, or corselet; especially, the
breastplate worn by the ancient Greeks.
Tho"ri*a (?), n. [NL. See Thorite.] (Chem.) A rare white earthy
substance, consisting of the oxide of thorium; — formerly called also
thorina.
Thor"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to thorium; designating the
compounds of thorium.
Tho"rite (?), n. [So called by Berzelius from the Scandinavian god
Thor. See Thor.] (Min.) A mineral of a brown to black color, or, as in
the variety orangite, orange-yellow. It is essentially a silicate of
thorium.
Tho"ri*um (?), n. [NL. See Thorite.] (Chem.) A metallic element found
in certain rare minerals, as thorite, pyrochlore, monazite, etc., and
isolated as an infusible gray metallic powder which burns in the air
and forms thoria; — formerly called also thorinum. Symbol Th. Atomic
weight 232.0.
Thorn (?), n. [AS. þorn; akin to OS. & OFries. thorn, D. doorn, G.
dorn, Dan. torn, Sw. törne, Icel. þorn, Goth. þaúrnus; cf. Pol. tarn,
Russ. tern' the blackthorn, ternie thorns, Skr. ta grass, blade of
grass. √53.] 1. A hard and sharp-pointed projection from a woody stem;
usually, a branch so transformed; a spine.
2. (Bot.) Any shrub or small tree which bears thorns; especially, any
species of the genus Cratægus, as the hawthorn, whitethorn, cockspur
thorn.
3. Fig.: That which pricks or annoys as a thorn; anything troublesome;
trouble; care.
There was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to
buffet me.