to the consideration of the descent of the estates from his time down
to that of the present noble owner, and enables us to give, as is
our wont, a genealogical account of the great and important families
to whom Welbeck has belonged. The family of Cavendish, as already
more fully detailed in our account of Chatsworth, traces back to the
Conquest, when Robert de Gernon, who came over with the Conqueror,
so distinguished himself in arms that he was rewarded with grants
of land in Hertfordshire, Gloucestershire, &c. His descendants held
considerable lands in Derbyshire, and Sir William Gernon obtained a
grant of a fair at Bakewell, in that county. He had two sons—Sir
Ralph de Gernon, Lord of Bakewell, and Geoffrey de Gernon, of Moor
Hall, near Bakewell. From the second of these, Geoffrey de Gernon,
the Cavendishes descend. His son, Roger de Gernon (who died in 1334),
married the heiress of John Potton, or Potkins, lord of the manor of
Cavendish, in Suffolk, and by her had issue four sons, who all assumed
the name of Cavendish from their mother’s manor. These were—Sir
John Cavendish, Chief Justice of the King’s Bench in the time of
Edward III., and Chancellor of Cambridge, 4th of Richard II., who was
beheaded by the insurgents of Suffolk in that reign; Roger Cavendish,
from whom descended the celebrated navigator, Sir Thomas Cavendish;
Stephen Cavendish, Lord Mayor, member of Parliament, and Sheriff of
London; and Richard Cavendish. Sir John married Alice, daughter of
Sir John Odyngseles, Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, who brought
to her husband the manor of Cavendish-Overhall, and by her, who died
before him, had issue two sons—Andrew and John—and a daughter, Alice,
married to William Nell. Sir Andrew Cavendish, the eldest son, was
Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk. By his wife, Rose, he left issue one
son, William, from whom the estate passed to his cousin. Sir Andrew
was succeeded by his brother, Sir John Cavendish, Esquire of the Body
to Richard II. and Henry V., who, for his gallant conduct in killing
Wat Tyler, in his conflict with Sir William Walworth, was knighted by
Richard II. in Smithfield, and an annuity of £40 per annum granted to
him and his sons for ever. He was also made Broiderer of the Wardrobe
to the King. He married Joan, daughter of Sir William Clopton, of
Clopton, in Suffolk, and by her had issue three sons—William, his
successor; Robert, serjeant-at-law; and Walter. William Cavendish, who
was a citizen and mercer of London, and of Cavendish-Overhall, married
Joan Staventon, by whom he had two sons—Thomas and William. This
Thomas Cavendish, who was of Cavendish and Pollingford, in Suffolk,
married Katharine Scudamore, and left by her, as son and heir, Sir
Thomas Cavendish, who, having studied the law, was employed by Thomas,
Earl of Surrey, Treasurer of the King’s Exchequer. He was also Clerk of
the Pipe in the Exchequer to Henry VIII. He married twice, and left,
by his first wife, Alice, daughter and co-heiress of John Smith, of
Podbroke Hall, besides other issue, three sons—George Cavendish, Sir
William Cavendish, and Sir Thomas Cavendish.
George Cavendish, the eldest of these three sons, was of Glemsford and
Cavendish-Overhall, and is said to have been the author of “Cavendish’s
Life of Wolsey,” although the authorship of that work has also been
attributed to his brother, Sir William Cavendish. He received a
liberal education, and was endowed by his father with considerable
landed property in Suffolk. His character and learning seem to have
recommended him to the special notice of Cardinal Wolsey, who “took him
to be about his own person, as gentleman usher of his chamber, and
placed a special confidence in him.” George Cavendish was succeeded by
his son William, and ultimately the manor of Cavendish-Overhall passed
to William Downes. Sir Thomas Cavendish was one of the knights of St.
John of Jerusalem, and died unmarried.
[Illustration: _Arms of Cavendish._]
Sir William Cavendish, the second son of the first Sir Thomas, became
the founder of the ducal House of Devonshire and of several other
noble families. He was married three times: first, to a daughter of
Edward Bostock, of Whatcross, in Cheshire; secondly, to a daughter
of Sir Thomas Conyngsby, and widow of William Paris; and, thirdly,
to Elizabeth, daughter of John Hardwick, of Hardwick, and widow of
Robert Barley, of Barley, all in the county of Derby. He was “a man of
learning and business,” and was much employed in important affairs by
his sovereigns, filling the posts of Treasurer of the Chamber and Privy
Councillor to Henry VIII., Edward VI., and Mary. At the suppression
of the religious houses under Henry VIII. he was “appointed one of
the commissioners for visiting them, and afterwards was made one of
the auditors of the Court of Augmentation,” which was instituted for
the purpose of augmenting the revenues by the suppression of the
monasteries. For his services he received three valuable manors in
Hertfordshire, which, later on, he exchanged for lands in Derbyshire
and other counties. He was also knighted by Henry VIII. By his first
wife he had issue one son and two daughters who died young, and two
other daughters, one of whom, Catherine, married Sir Thomas Brooke,
son of Lord Cobham, and the other, Anne, married Sir Henry Baynton.
By his second wife he had three daughters, who all died young, and
she herself died in child-birth. By his third marriage with “Bess of
Hardwick” he had a numerous family—viz. Henry Cavendish, of Tutbury,
member of Parliament for Derbyshire, who married Grace, daughter of
George, Earl of Shrewsbury, but died without lawful issue; Sir William
Cavendish, created Earl of Devonshire, and direct ancestor of the
Dukes of Devonshire; Sir Charles Cavendish, of Bolsover Castle and of
Welbeck Abbey, ancestor of the Dukes of Newcastle, Portland, &c. (of
whom presently); Frances, married to Sir Henry Pierrepoint, ancestor to
the Dukes of Kingston; Elizabeth, married to Charles Stuart, Duke of
Lennox (younger brother of Lord Darnley, the husband of Mary, Queen
of Scots, and father of King James I.), the issue of which marriage
was the sadly unfortunate Lady Arabella Stuart; and Mary, married to
Gilbert, Earl of Shrewsbury.
[Illustration: _Arms of Hardwick._]
Of the Countess of Shrewsbury, “Bess of Hardwick,” mother of the
founder of this house, it will now be well to say a few words. The
family to which she belonged, and of which she eventually became
heiress, that of Hardwick, of Hardwick was one of considerable
antiquity in the county of Derby. One of the family, William Hardwick,
married the heiress of Goushill, of Barlborough, and by her had two
sons, the eldest of whom, Roger Hardwick, married the daughter of
Robert Barley, of Barley, and had issue by her, John, who married
Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Bakewell, of Bakewell. Their son, John
Hardwick, married Elizabeth Pinchbeck, of Pinchbeck, and was succeeded
by his son, John Hardwick, who espoused Elizabeth, daughter of
Thomas Leake, of Hasland, of the same family as the Leakes, Earls of
Scarsdale. By this marriage John Hardwick, who died in 1527, had issue
one son—John Hardwick—and four daughters—Mary, Elizabeth, Alice,
and Jane. The son, John, who was only three years old at his father’s
death, married Elizabeth, daughter of Philip Draycott, of Paynsley,
but died without issue, leaving his four sisters his co-heiresses. Of
these Elizabeth, afterwards Countess of Shrewsbury, inherited Hardwick
and other estates. When very young—indeed, it is said when scarcely
fourteen years of age—she married Robert Barley, of Barley (son of
Arthur Barley, of Barley-by-Dronfield, in Derbyshire, by his wife,
Elizabeth Chaworth), who died a few months after marriage, leaving
his possessions to her and her heirs. By this short-lived marriage
she had no issue, and, after remaining a widow for some twelve years
or so, she married, as his third wife, Sir William Cavendish, by whom
she had a numerous issue, as will be presently shown. To Sir William
Cavendish this remarkable lady brought not only Hardwick and the other
possessions of her own family, but also those of the Barleys, which
she had acquired by her first marriage. Sir William died in 1557, and
a few years later his widow married, as her third husband, Sir William
St. Loe, or Santloe, Captain of the Guard to Queen Elizabeth, who
settled the whole of his estates upon her and her heirs, and thus
greatly added to her already immense possessions. By this marriage
there was no issue, and, on the death of Sir William St. Loe, she
was a third time left a widow. Soon afterwards she married, as his
second wife (he being, of course, her fourth husband), George, sixth
Earl of Shrewsbury, stipulating, however, that the Earl’s eldest
daughter, the Lady Grace Talbot, should marry her eldest son, Sir Henry
Cavendish, and that his second son, Gilbert Talbot (eventually Earl of
Shrewsbury), should marry her youngest daughter, Mary Cavendish. These
family nuptials were solemnised at Sheffield on the 9th of February,
1567-8, the younger of the two couples being at the time only about
fifteen and twelve years of age respectively.
[Illustration: _Autograph of the Countess of Shrewsbury._]
The events of the Countess of Shrewsbury’s life are so thoroughly mixed
up with those of the stirring times of the kingdom at large, more
especially during the period when the truly unfortunate Mary, Queen
of Scots, was in the custody of the Earl and his countess, that it is
unnecessary here to enter into them. By the Earl of Shrewsbury the
Countess had no issue, and he dying in 1590, she, “Bess of Hardwick,”
became, for the fourth time, a widow. “A change of conditions,” says
Bishop Kennet, “that perhaps never fell to the lot of one woman, to
be four times a creditable and happy wife; to rise by every husband
into greater wealth and higher honours; to have a numerous issue by
one husband only; to have all those children live, and all by her
advice be creditably disposed of in her lifetime; and, after all,
to live seventeen years a widow in absolute power and plenty.” The
Countess, as we have before written, “besides being one of the most
beautiful, accomplished, and captivating women of her day, was,
without exception, the most energetic, business-like, and able of her
sex. In architecture her conceptions were grand, while in all matters
pertaining to the arts, and to the comforts and elegancies of life,
she was unsurpassed. To the old hall of her fathers, where she was
born and resided, she made vast additions, and she entirely planned
and built three of the most gorgeous edifices of the time—Hardwick
Hall, Chatsworth, and Oldcotes—the first two of which were transmitted
entire to the first Duke of Devonshire. The latter part of her
long and busy life she occupied almost entirely in building, and
it is marvellous what an amount of real work—hard figures and dry
details—she got through; for it is a fact, abundantly evidenced by
the original accounts remaining to this day, that not a penny was
expended on her buildings, and not a detail added or taken away,
without her special attention and personal supervision. Building was a
passion with her, and she indulged it wisely and well, sparing neither
time, nor trouble, nor outlay to secure everything being done in the
most admirable manner. It is said, and it is so recorded by Walpole,
that the Countess had once been told by a gipsy fortune-teller that
she would never die so long as she continued building, and she so
implicitly believed this that she never ceased planning and contriving
and adding to her erections; and it is said that at last she died in a
hard frost, which totally prevented the workmen from continuing their
labours, and so caused an unavoidable suspension of her works. Surely
the fortune-teller here was a “wise woman” in more senses than one,
for it was wise and cunning in her to instil such a belief into the
Countess’s mind, and thus insure a continuance of the works by which so
many workmen and their families gained a livelihood, and by which later
generations would also benefit. Besides Chatsworth, Hardwick, Oldcotes,
and other places, the Countess founded and built the Devonshire
Almshouses at Derby, and did many other good and noble works. She died,
full of years and full of honours and riches, on the 23rd of February,
1607, and was buried in All Saints’ Church, Derby, under a stately tomb
which she had erected during her lifetime, and on which a long Latin
inscription is to be seen.”
By her second husband, Sir William Cavendish, she alone had issue.
These were, as already detailed, Sir Henry Cavendish, of Tutbury, who
married the Lady Grace Talbot; Sir William Cavendish, created Earl of
Devonshire, from whom the Dukes of Devonshire and other lines of peers
are lineally descended; Sir Charles Cavendish, the founder of the
noble House of Newcastle; Frances, married to Sir Henry Pierrepoint,
ancestor of the Dukes of Kingston; Elizabeth, married to Charles
Stuart, Duke of Lennox, and mother of Lady Arabella Stuart; and Mary,
married to Gilbert, Earl of Shrewsbury. It is with the third of these,
Sir Charles Cavendish, that we have now to do.
Sir Charles Cavendish married Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of
Cuthbert, Lord Ogle, and Baroness Ogle in her own right. He left issue
by his first wife, Margaret Kitson, three sons—Charles, who died
an infant; William, created Duke of Newcastle; and Sir Charles, of
Bolsover. Dying in 1617, the estates passed to the eldest surviving
son, William Cavendish, who became one of the greatest men of the age.
Sir William was successively created Baron Cavendish, of Bolsover, in
the county of Derby, Baron Ogle, Viscount Mansfield, Earl of Newcastle,
Earl of Ogle, Marquis of Newcastle, and Duke of Newcastle, was a Knight
of the Garter, and held many very important appointments. He was a
staunch Royalist, and suffered many losses and privations through his
wise adherence to the royal cause. He fortified the town of Newcastle,
the Castle of Bolsover, and other places, and did good service in
overcoming the Parliamentarian forces at Gainsborough, Chesterfield,
Bradford, and many other places. His grace built the greater part of
Welbeck, including the famous riding-house, yet standing, and the
stables. He was the most accomplished horseman of the time, and his
name will ever remain known as the author of the finest, most learned,
and most extensive work on horsemanship ever written. The original MS.
of this marvellous treatise is carefully preserved at Welbeck Abbey,
and copies of the work, especially the first French edition, with all
the original plates, are of great rarity. He also wrote some volumes of
poetry. The “Horsemanship” is particularly interesting to an historian
of Welbeck, from the many plates in which views of the mansion as it
then existed are given: to these we may again refer.
The Duke was married twice. First, to Elizabeth, daughter and sole
heiress of William Bassett, of Blore and Langley, Derbyshire, and
widow of the Hon. Henry Howard, third son of the Earl of Suffolk and
Berkshire; and, secondly, to Margaret, daughter of Sir Charles Lucas,
and maid of honour to Queen Henrietta. By his first wife the Duke had
issue ten children, six sons and four daughters, of whom five died
young.
[Illustration: _Margaret (Lucas), Duchess of Newcastle._]
The surviving sons were Charles, who died during his father’s
lifetime without issue, and Henry, who succeeded to the titles and
estates; and the three surviving daughters were—Mary, married to
Charles Cheney, of Chesham-Boys; Elizabeth, married to the Earl of
Bridgewater; and Frances, married to Lord Bolingbroke. By his second
wife, Margaret Lucas, the Duke had no issue; but to this lady, who
was of rare accomplishments and virtues—“a very learned lady and
a philosopher”—the world is indebted for many valuable writings.
Foremost among these is the admirable and interesting “Life” of her
husband, the Duke of Newcastle, to which too much justice for its
truthfulness, its precision of details, and its purity of affection
cannot be done. It is a “book for all time,” and to it we refer our
readers who may desire to peruse a worthy memoir of a worthy man. The
Duchess died in 1673, and the Duke three years afterwards: they are
buried under a magnificent monument in Westminster Abbey, where the
following is one of the inscriptions:—“Here lyes the Loyall Duke of
Newcastle and his Dutchess his second wife, by whom he had no issue:
Her name was Margarett Lucas, youngest sister to the Lord Lucas, of
Colchester; a noble familie, for all the brothers were valiant, and all
the sisters virtuous. This Dutchess was a wise, wittie, and learned
lady, which her many books do well testifie; she was a most virtuous
and a loveing and carefull wife, and was with her Lord all the time of
his banishment and miseries, and when he came home never parted from
him in his solitary retirements.”
Henry, second Duke, Marquis, and Earl of Newcastle, Earl and Baron of
Ogle, Viscount Mansfield, Baron Cavendish of Bolsover, and Baron Bothal
and Hepple, and a Knight of the Garter, succeeded his father, the first
duke. He married Frances Pierrepoint, of Thoresby, granddaughter of
the Earl of Kingston, by whom he had issue three sons (only one of
whom lived) and five daughters. The son, Henry Cavendish, Viscount
Mansfield, married a daughter of Percy, Duke of Northumberland,
whose name he assumed, but died during his father’s lifetime without
surviving issue. The daughters were—Elizabeth, married, first, to the
Earl of Albemarle, and, secondly, to the Duke of Montague; Frances,
married to the Earl of Bredalbane; Catherine, married to the Earl of
Thanet; Arabella, married to the Earl of Sunderland; and Margaret,
married to John Holles, Earl of Clare, afterwards Duke of Newcastle.
The second duke died in 1671, and the titles, in default of male issue,
then became extinct.
[Illustration: _Arms of Holles._]
By the marriage of the Lady Margaret Cavendish with John Holles, fourth
Earl of Clare, Welbeck and other estates of the Duke of Newcastle
passed into his hands. In 1694 the Earl of Clare was created Duke of
Newcastle. His grace died at Welbeck, through a fall from his horse,
in 1711, and the title thus again became extinct. He left issue an
only daughter, the Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles, who married
Edward Harley, second Earl of Oxford and Mortimer, and thus conveyed
the Welbeck and Bolsover estates to that nobleman. The issue of this
marriage was an only daughter and heiress, the Lady Margaret Cavendish
Harley, who married William Bentinck, Duke of Portland. and thus
carried the Cavendish estates into that illustrious family. She died in
1785.
[Illustration: _Arms of Bentinck._]
William Bentinck, the first Earl of Portland, was a member of the
illustrious family of Bentinck, of Holland, and came over on his
first visit to England as page of honour to William, Prince of Orange
(afterwards King William III.), and was ambassador to this country
to arrange the marriage of that prince with our Princess Mary. On
the accession of William III. William Bentinck was created Baron of
Cirencester, Viscount Woodstock, and Earl of Portland, and had many
important appointments conferred upon him. He married, first, Anne,
daughter to Sir Edward Villiers and sister of the Earl of Jersey, by
whom he had issue three sons (one of whom only survived and succeeded
him) and five daughters—viz. the Lady Mary, married to the Earl
of Essex, and afterwards to the Hon. Conyers D’Arcy; the Lady Anne
Margaretta, married to M. Duyvenvorde, one of the principal nobles
of Holland; the Lady Frances Wilhelmina, married to Lord Byron; the
Lady Eleanora, who died unmarried; and the Lady Isabella, married
to the Duke of Kingston. His lordship married, secondly, Jane,
daughter of Sir John Temple, sister of Lord Palmerston, and widow of
John, Lord Berkeley of Stratton, and by her had issue two sons and
four daughters—viz. the Hon. William, who married the Countess of
Aldenburgh; the Hon. Charles John, who married the daughter and heiress
of the Earl of Cadogan; the Lady Sophia, married to Henry de Grey,
Duke of Kent; the Lady Elizabeth, married to the Bishop of Hereford,
brother to the second Duke of Bridgewater; the Lady Harriette, married
to Viscount Limerick; and the Lady Barbara, married to Godolphin, Dean
of St. Paul’s. The Earl died in 1735, and was succeeded by his son—
Henry, second Earl of Portland, who married the Lady Elizabeth Noel,
eldest daughter of the Earl of Gainsborough, by whom he received, with
other accessions, the lordship of Tichfield and its manor-house. His
lordship, who was advanced to the dignities of Marquis of Tichfield
and Duke of Portland, and held many important appointments, had issue
three sons and seven daughters, whereof two sons and three daughters
survived him. These were—William second Duke of Portland; Lord George
Bentinck, aide-de-camp to King George II.; the Lady Anne, married to
Lieutenant-colonel Paul; the Lady Anne Isabella, married to Henry
Monk, Esq.; and the Lady Emilia Catherine, married to Jacob Arrant Van
Wassenar, a noble of Holland.
William, second Duke of Portland, was born in 1709, and married, in
1734, the Lady Margaret Cavendish Harley, daughter and sole heiress of
the Earl of Oxford by his countess, daughter and sole heiress of John
Holles, Duke of Newcastle, who thus brought the estates of Welbeck,
&c., to the Bentinck family. By this union his grace had issue three
sons and three daughters. These were—the Lady Elizabeth Cavendish
Bentinck, married to the Marquis of Thomond; Lady Henrietta Cavendish
Bentinck, married to the Earl of Stamford; William Henry Cavendish
Bentinck, Marquis of Tichfield (his successor), of whom presently; Lady
Margaret Cavendish Bentinck and Lady Frances Cavendish Bentinck, who
died young; and Lord Edward Charles Cavendish Bentinck, who married
Elizabeth Cumberland, and had numerous issue. The Duke died in 1762,
and was succeeded in his titles and estates by his eldest son—
William Henry Cavendish Bentinck, as third Duke of Portland. This
nobleman, who was born in 1738, married, in 1766, the Lady Dorothy
Cavendish, only daughter of William, fourth Duke of Devonshire, and
by her had issue four sons and two daughters. These were—William
Henry, Marquis of Tichfield (his successor); General Lord William Henry
Cavendish Bentinck, Governor-General of India, who married a daughter
of the Earl of Gosford; Lady Charlotte Bentinck, married to Charles
Greville, Esq.; Lady Mary Bentinck; Lord William Charles Augustus
Cavendish Bentinck, who married, first, Miss G. A. F. Seymour, and,
secondly, Anne, daughter of the Marquis Wellesley, and divorced wife of
Sir William Addy; and Major-General Lord Frederick Cavendish Bentinck,
who married the Lady Mary Lowther, daughter of William, first Earl of
Lonsdale of the second creation, and by her, with other issue, became
father of the present Right Hon. George Augustus Frederick Cavendish
Bentinck, M.P. for Whitehaven, and a member of the Administration. The
noble Duke died in 1809, and was succeeded by his eldest son—
William Henry, fourth Duke of Portland, who was born in 1768,
married in 1795 Henrietta, eldest daughter and co-heiress of General
John Scott, of Balconnie, county Fife, by whom he received a large
accession of property. His grace, by royal sign manual, assumed the
additional surname and arms of Scott, thus altering the family name to
Scott-Bentinck. By this marriage his grace had issue four sons and
four daughters. These were—William Henry Cavendish Scott-Bentinck,
Marquis of Tichfield, who died unmarried during his father’s lifetime;
the Lady Henrietta; William John, Marquis of Tichfield, who succeeded
to the dukedom and estates; Major Lord William George Frederick
Cavendish Scott-Bentinck (known as Lord George Bentinck), the eminent
statesman and patriot, who died in 1848, to whom a fine Gothic
memorial, somewhat after the manner of the “Martyrs’ Memorial,” has
been erected by public subscription at Mansfield, from the design of
Mr. T. C. Hine. It bears the following inscription:—
“To the memory of Lord George Frederick Cavendish Bentinck, second
surviving son of William Henry Cavendish-Scott, fourth Duke of
Portland. He died the 21st day of September, An. Dom. MDCCCXLVIII.,
in the forty-seventh year of his age. His ardent patriotism and
uncompromising honesty were only equalled by the persevering zeal and
extraordinary talents which called forth the grateful homage of those
who, in erecting this memorial, pay a heartfelt tribute to exertions
which prematurely brought to the grave one who might long have lived
the pride of this his native county.”
Lord Henry William Cavendish Scott-Bentinck; the Lady Charlotte,
married to John Evelyn Denison, M.P.; the Lady Lucy, married to Lord
Howard de Walden; and the Lady Mary. His grace, who was a fellow of
the Royal Society, a trustee of the British Museum, and a man of high
scientific attainments, died in 1854, and was succeeded by his eldest
surviving son, the present noble head of this illustrious house.
William John Cavendish Scott-Bentinck, the present peer, fifth Duke of
Portland, Marquis of Tichfield, Earl of Portland, Viscount Woodstock,
Baron of Cirencester, and a co-heir to the barony of Ogle, was born on
the 17th of September, 1800, and represented the borough of Lynn in
Parliament. In 1854 he succeeded his father in the titles and estates.
The Duke, who is unmarried, is a trustee of the British Museum, and
a deputy-lieutenant of the county of Nottingham. His grace, who is a
man of the most refined taste in all matters of Art, an accomplished
scholar, and of high attainments, is patron of thirteen livings—viz.
Hendon, in Middlesex; Hucknall-Torkard, Sutton-cum-Lound, Cotham,
Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Gotham, and Sibthorpe, in Nottinghamshire; Bredon,
in Worcestershire; Elsworth, in Cambridgeshire; Whitwell, Elmton, and
Bolsover, in Derbyshire; and Bothal, in Northumberland.
The arms of the Duke of Portland are—quarterly, 1st and 4th grand
quarters, quarterly 1 and 4, _azure_, a cross moline, _argent_ (for
Bentinck) 2 and 3, _sable_, three stags’ heads caboshed, _argent_, a
crescent for difference (for Cavendish), 2nd and 3rd grand quarters,
_or_, on a bend, _azure_, a mullet of six points between two crescents,
_or_, within a bordure engrailed, _gules_ (for Scott). Crests—1st, out
of a marquis’s coronet, _proper_, two arms counter embowed, vested,
_gules_, on the hands gloves, _or_, each holding an ostrich feather,
_or_ (for Bentinck); 2nd, a snake nowed, _proper_ (for Cavendish).
Supporters—two lions, double queued, the dexter one _or_, the sinister
one _sable_. Motto—“Craignez honte.”
[Illustration: _Arms of the Duke of Portland._]