In addition to von Papen, Dr. Albert and Boy-Ed, one of Bernstorff’s
effective agents was Wolf von Igel, who was the leader of the dynamite
men of the conspiracy. He set up at 60 Wall Street ostensibly in the
“advertising” business. Attention was attracted to him by the fact that
his visitors during the two years he was undisturbed were Germans who
had nothing whatever to do with advertising. Moreover, conspicuous in
his office was a large safe bearing the insignia of the German Imperial
Government. Suspicions were aroused and by degrees these suspicions
were strengthened by circumstances and incidents that indicated von
Igel as a German agent. Therefore, as the New York _Times_ reported,
one morning in April, 1916, while von Igel was engaged preparing a
mass of papers taken from the safe for transfer to Washington, the
office was entered by four United States Secret Service agents from the
Department of Justice, who made their way past the guardians always on
duty, put von Igel under arrest, and undertook to seize the papers.
The German was powerful and brave. With the aid of one associate he
stubbornly fought the officers, striving to rescue the papers, to close
the safe, to get to the telephone and communicate with his superiors.
Revolvers were drawn by the Secret Service men. They produced no
effect upon the intrepid von Igel.
“This is German territory,” he shouted. “Shoot me and you will bring on
war.”
There was no shooting. But after a protracted struggle the defenders
were overpowered and the papers seized. The German Embassy at once
entered its protest. These were official papers. They were sacrosanct.
The diplomatic prerogative of a friendly nation had been overridden and
the person of its representative insulted. To this the State Department
replied that the invaded premises at 60 Wall Street were described
in the contract as a private business office for the carrying on of
advertising, and that von Igel had not been formally accredited as a
German representative.
When the papers were examined by the Department of Justice the reason
for von Igel’s determined fight became apparent. Here, in the form of
letters, telegrams, notations, checks, receipts, ledgers, cashbooks,
cipher codes, lists of spies, and other memoranda and records were
found indications—in some instances of the vaguest nature, in others of
the most damning conclusiveness—that the German Imperial Government,
through its representatives in a then friendly nation, was concerned
with—
Violation of the laws of the United States.
Destruction of lives and property in merchant vessels on the high seas.
Irish revolutionary plots against Great Britain.
Fomenting ill-feeling against the United States in Mexico.
Subornation of American writers and lecturers.
Financing of propaganda.
Maintenance of a spy system under the guise of a commercial
investigation bureau.
Subsidizing of a bureau for the purpose of stirring up labor troubles
in munition plants.
The bomb industry and other related activities.
One of the most significant papers in the von Igel collection was a
letter directly convicting von Papen of paying money to a plotter (Paul
Koenig, manager of an alleged Bureau of Investigation established by
the Hamburg-American Steamship Company for secret service purposes)
designing to blow up merchant ships sailing from the port of New York.
Koenig had reported the make of the bombs which it was proposed to use.
They were made to look like lumps of coal, to be concealed in the coal
laden on steamers of the Allies. By this or other means thirty ships
carrying munitions to the Allies were sunk.