[291] Turner, _op. cit._, p. 14 ff.
[292] Moore, _op. cit._, p. 10; Johnson, _op. cit._, p. 18.
[293] "Economic and Social History of New England," 1620-1789, II, pp.
450, 451.
[294] Dabney, "Defence of Virginia," p. 58.
[295] Locke, _op. cit._, Ch. V.
[296] Turner, _op. cit._, p. 87.
[297] "Notes on the History of Slavery in Massachusetts," pp. 241,
242.
[298] Moore, _op. cit._, pp. 228 ff.
[299] "Diary," p. 149.
[300] No exaggeration! See Turner, "The Negro in Pennsylvania," pp.
146, 147.
[301] "Democracy in America," I, pp. 361 ff.
[302] See Steiner, "History of Slavery in Connecticut," pp. 45 ff. for
the famous instance of the Quakeress, Miss Prudence Crandall, and her
school.
[303] "Society in America," 1, pp. 193-196.
[304] "Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation," p. 11.
[305] Hart, "Slavery and Abolition," pp. 256 ff.
[306] _Journal_, p. 86.
[307] See Turner's excellent account, "The Negro in Pennsylvania,"
Chs. IX-XIII.
[308] Turner, pp. 242, 245.
[309] _Ibid._, pp. 160 ff. for details.
[310] "Democracy in America," I, pp. 379 ff.
[311] 19 Howard's R., p. 624, quoted by Hurd, "Law of Freedom and
Bondage," I, p. 358, see also pp. 321 ff. of Hurd.
[312] Hurd, I, pp. 217 ff., for the colonial legislation and II, Chs.
XVII, XVIII, XIX, for subsequent legislation in the different states
and territories.
[313] "Documentary History of American Industrial Society," I, p. 75.
[314] "Documentary History of American Industrial Society," I, p. 91.
See also Cairnes, "The Slave Power," pp. 52 ff.; Nieboer, "Slavery as
an Industrial System," pp. 417 ff.
[315] For an account of the growth of the cotton industry see Baines,
"History of the Cotton Manufacture," pp. 116 ff. See also DuBois,
"Suppression of the Slave Trade," pp. 151 ff.
[316] Phillips, "Origin and Growth of the Southern 'black belts,'" pp.
798 ff., Vol. XI of _The American Historical Review_.
[317] Hart, "Slavery and Abolition," pp. 67 ff.
[318] "Physics and Politics," p. 73, ed. of 1896; Ingram, "History of
Slavery," p. 5.
[319] Rhodes, I, pp. 347 ff.
[320] Livermore, "An Historical Research Respecting the Opinions of
the Founders of the Republic on Negroes as Slaves, as Citizens, and as
Soldiers," pp. 56 ff.
[321] Foley, "The Jeffersonian Cyclopedia," secs. 7926 ff.
[322] "Documentary History of American Industrial Society," II, p.
158.
[323] Greeley, "The American Conflict," I, p. 109.
[324] Stroud, "A Sketch of the Laws relating to Slavery," p. vi.
[325] Quoted by Olmsted, "Seaboard Slave States," I, pp. 334, 335.
[326] "Wks.," II, 632.
[327] Speech in Senate, Feb. 29, 1860.
[328] _Cong. Globe_, 39 Cong., 1st Session, pp. 557, 596.
[329] Foley, "Jeffersonian Cyclopedia," sec. 7933.
[330] Hurd, _op. cit._, II, pp. 5, 83, 105, 150, etc.
[331] E. C. Holland, "A Refutation of the Calumnies Circulated against
the Southern and Western States Respecting the Institution and
Existence of Slavery among Them," p. 83, Charleston, 1822.
[332] Hurd, _op. cit._, II, 95 ff.
[333] _Ibid._, II, 174.
[334] Stroud, _op. cit._, p. 11; see also Olmsted, "The Cotton
Kingdom," II, 92, and Rhodes, I, p. 369, for similar statements to the
effect that the slave was personal property.
[335] Stroud, _op. cit._, pp. 12, 44.
[336] "Industrial Resources," II, 249, quoted by Hart, "Slavery and
Abolition," p. 112.
[337] _Journal_, pp. 230 ff.
[338] This varying attitude of the master class has been extensively
treated by C. G. Woodson in his "Education of the Negro Prior to
1861."
[339] Tillinghast's "The Negro in Africa and America," pp. 106 ff.
[340] _Op. cit._, II, pp. 12, 13.
[341] II, pp. 108, 118.
[342] _Journal_, pp. 25, 44, 180; Olmsted, "Seaboard Slave States," I,
p. 390.
[343] B. T. Washington, "Future of American Negro," pp. 54 ff. for a
negro's witness to industrial training acquired in slavery.
[344] Kemble, _op. cit._, pp. 60 ff., 29, 134, 153, 239, 263.
[345] Lewis, "Journal of a West India Proprietor," 404.
[346] _Op. cit._, I, p. 114.