CHAPTER VII.

LAWS OF CHINA, AND PLAN OF ITS GOVERNMENT, 380-447

Theory of the Chinese Government patriarchal, 380; The

principles of surveillance and mutual responsibility, 383; The

Penal Code of China, 384; Preface by the Emperor Shunchí,

385; Its General, Civil, and Fiscal Divisions, 386; Ritual,

Military, and Criminal Laws, 389; The Code compares favorably

with other Asiatic Laws, 391; Defects in the Chinese Code, 392;

General survey of the Chinese Government, 393; 1, The Emperor,

his position and titles, _ibid._; Proclamation of Hungwu, first

Manchu Emperor, 395; Peculiarities in the names of Emperors,

397; The _Kwoh hao_, or National, and _Miao hao_, or Ancestral

Names, 398; Style of an Imperial Inaugural Proclamation,

399; Programme of Coronation Ceremonies, 401; Dignity and

Sacredness of the Emperor’s Person, 402; Control of the Right

of Succession, 403; The Imperial Clan and Titular Nobles, 405;

2, The Court, its internal arrangements, 407; The Imperial

Harem, 408; Position of the Empress-dowager, 409; Guard and

Escort of the Palace, 410; 3, Classes of society in China, 411;

Eight privileged classes, 413; The nine honorary “Buttons,”

or Ranks, 414; 4, The central administration, 415; The _Nui

Koh_, or Cabinet, 416; The _Kiun-kí Chu_, or General Council,

418; The _King Pao_, or _Peking Gazette_, 420; The Six Boards

(_a_), of Civil Office--_Lí Pu_, 421; (_b_), of Revenue--_Hu

Pu_, 422; (_c_), of Rites--_Lí Pu_, 423; (_d_), of War--_Ping

Pu_, 424; (_e_), of Punishments--_Hing Pu_, 426; (_f_), of

Works--_Kung Pu_, 427; The Colonial Office, 428; The Censorate,

430; Frankness and honesty of certain censors, 431; Courts of

Transmission and Judicature, 433; The _Hanlin Yuen_, or Imperial

Academy, 434; Minor courts and colleges of the capital, 435; 5,

Provincial Governments, 437; Governors-general (_tsungtuh_) and

Governors (_futai_), 438; Subordinate provincial authorities,

441; Literary, Revenue, and Salt Departments, 443; Tabular

Résumé of Provincial Magistrates, 444; Military and Naval

control, 445; Special messengers, or commissioners, 446.

The Middle Kingdom, Volume 1 (of 2) A Survey of the Geography, Government, Literature, Social Life, Arts, and History of the Chinese Empire and its Inhabitants · 第 7 / 14 章