1974 1979 1986 1991 1997 2001
Gender
Male 1,677,000 1,934,000 2,449,000 3,142,000 4,205,000 5,037,000
Female 142,000 165,000 217,000 295,000 447,000 581,000
Race/Hispanic origin
White* 922,000 1,052,000 1,286,000 1,533,000 1,909,000 2,203,000
Male 837,000 958,000 1,173,000 1,395,000 1,724,000 1,978,000
Female 86,000 94,000 113,000 139,000 185,000 225,000
Black* 646,000 766,000 963,000 1,290,000 1,784,000 2,166,000
Male 595,000 704,000 881,000 1,181,000 1,615,000 1,936,000
Female 51,000 62,000 82,000 109,000 170,000 231,000
Hispanic 102,000 125,000 234,000 422,000 721,000 997,000
Male 94,000 116,000 217,000 392,000 664,000 911,000
Female 8,000 10,000 17,000 30,000 57,000 86,000
Note: Estimates were based on separate generation life tables that
incorporate first incarceration and mortality rates for each age
group. Estimates were rounded to the nearest 1,000. See _Methodology_
for estimation procedures.
*Excludes persons of Hispanic origin.
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These changes in the percents ever incarcerated by age reflect rising
rates of first incarceration and the age of each of these birth cohorts
when the increases occurred. In the future, the percents ever
incarcerated will rise among older age groups as more recent cohorts
experience the full impact of current levels of first incarceration
rates throughout their lifetimes (figure 2).
[Illustration: Figure 2: Younger age groups experience rising rates of
imprisonment]
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