QUESTIO.

[Sidenote: [The .5.^the p{ro}se.]]

++But what [yif] þat in bodies to be{n} feelid þat is to sein in þe

takynge of knowelechinge of bodyly þinges. and al be it so þat þe

qualites of bodies þ{a}t ben obiect fro wiþ oute forþe moeuen {and}

entalenten þe instrumentes of þe wittes. and al be it so þat þe

passiou{n} of þe body þat is to seyn þe witte [or the] suffrau{n}ce

[goth to-forn the strengthe of the workynge corage / the which

passiou{n} or suffraunce] clepiþ furþe þe dede of þe þouȝt in hym self.

{and} moeueþ {and} exiteþ in þis mene while þe formes þ{a}t resten wiþ

in forþe. and yif þat i{n} sensible bodies as I haue seid oure corage

nis nat ytauȝt or enp{re}ntid by passiou{n} to knowe þise þinges. but

demiþ {and} knoweþ of hys owen strengþe þe passiou{n} or suffrau{n}ce

subiect to þe body. Moche more þan þoo þinges þat ben absolut {and} quit

fram alle talentȝ or affecc{i}ou{n}s of bodies. as god or hys aungels ne

folwen nat in discernynge þinges obiect from wiþ oute forþe. but þei

accomplissen {and} speden þe dede of hir þouȝt by þis resou{n}. ¶ þan

þere comen many manere knowynges to dyu{er}se {and} differy{n}g

substaunces. for þe wit of þe body þe whiche witte is naked {and}

despoyled of alle oþer knowynges. þilke witte comeþ to bestes þat ne

mowen nat moeuen hem self here ne þere. as oystres {and} muscles {and}

oþer swiche shelle fysshe of þe see. þ{a}t cliue{n} {and} ben norissed

to roches. but þe ymaginac{i}ou{n} comeþ to remuable bestes þat seme{n}

to han talent to fleen or to desiren any þinge. but resou{n} is al only

to þe lynage of mankynde ryȝt as i{n}telligence is oonly þe deuyne

nature. of whiche it folweþ þat þilke knowyng is more worþe þan

[th]is[e] oþer. syn it knoweþ by hys p{ro}pre nature nat only hys

subiect. as who seiþ it ne knoweþ nat al oonly þat app{er}teiniþ

p{ro}prely to hys knowynge. but it knoweþ þe subgitȝ of alle oþer

knowynges. but how shal it þan be yif þat wit {and} ymaginac{i}ou{n}

stryuen aȝeins resonynge {and} sein þat of þilke vniuersel þinges. þat

resou{n} weneþ to seen þat it nis ryȝt nauȝt. for wit {and}

ymaginac{i}ou{n} seyn þat þat. þat is sensible or ymaginable it ne may

nat ben vniuersel. þan is eiþer þe iugement of resou{n} [soth]. ne þat

þer nis no þinge sensible. or ellys for þat resou{n} woot wel þat many

þinges ben subiect to wit {and} to ymaginac{i}ou{n}. þan is þe

co{n}sepc{i}ou{n} of resou{n} veyn {and} fals whiche þat lookeþ {and}

co{m}p{re}hendiþ. þat þat is sensible {and} synguler as uniuersele. and

ȝif þat resou{n} wolde answeren aȝein to þise two þat is to sein to wit

{and} to ymaginac{i}ou{n}. {and} sein þat soþely she hir self. þat is to

seyn þat resou{n} lokeþ {and} comp{re}hendiþ by resou{n} of

vniuersalite. boþe þat þat is sensible {and} þat þat is ymaginable.

{and} þat þilke two þat is to seyn wit {and} ymaginac{i}ou{n} ne mowe{n}

nat strecchen ne enhaunsen hem self to knowynge of vniuersalite for þat

þe knowy{n}g of hem ne may exceden nor so{ur}mou{n}te{n} þe bodyly

figure[s] ¶ Certys of þe knowyng of þinges men auȝten raþer ȝeue

credence to þe more stedfast {and} to þe more p{er}fit iugement. In þis

manere stryuynge þan we þat han strengþe of resonynge {and} of

ymaginynge {and} of wit þat is to seyn by resou{n} {and} by

ymaginac{i}ou{n} {and} by wit. [{and}] we sholde raþer p{re}ise þe cause

of resou{n}. as who seiþ þan þe cause of wit or ymaginac{i}ou{n}.

semblable þinge is it þat þe resou{n} of mankynde ne weneþ nat þat þe

deuyne intelligence byholdeþ or knoweþ þinges to comen. but ryȝt as þe

resou{n} of mankynde knoweþ hem. for þou arguist {and} seist þus. þat

yif it ne seme nat to men þat so{m}me þinges han certeyne {and}

necessarie bytidynges. þei ne mowen nat ben wist byforn certeynely to

bytiden. þa{n} nis [ther] no p{re}science of þilke þinges. {and} yif we

trowen þat p{re}science ben in þise þinges. þan is þer no þinge þat it

ne bitidiþ by necessite. but certys yif we myȝte{n} han þe iugeme{n}t of

þe deuyne þouȝt as we ben p{ar}son{er}s of resou{n}. ryȝt so as we han

demed. it byhoueþ þat ymaginac{i}ou{n} {and} wit ben byneþe resou{n}.

ryȝt so wolde we deme{n} þat it were ryȝtful þing þat ma{n}s resou{n}

auȝt[e] to su{m}mitten it self {and} to ben byneþe þe deuyne þouȝt. for

whiche þat yif we mowen. as who seiþ. þat yif þat we mowe{n} I

conseil[e] þat we enhanse vs in to þe heyȝt of þilke souereyne

i{n}telligence. for þere shal resou{n} wel seen þat þat it ne may nat

by-holden in it self. and certys þat is þis in what manere þe

p{re}science of god seeþ alle þinges c{er}teins {and} difinissed al þouȝ

þei ne han no certein issues or by-tydynges. ne þis is non oppiniou{n}

but it is raþer þe simplicite of þe souereyn science þat nis nat

enclosed nor yshet wiþi{n}ne no boundes.

Chaucer's Translation of Boethius's "De Consolatione Philosophiae" · 第 211 / 219 题