PART II.

ALLEN ETHAN was a native of Salisbury, Connecticut and removed to

Vermont when a boy. He was a man of strong mental powers which were

improved by a close observation of men and things--not by a school

education. He took an active part in public affairs from an early age to

the time of his death. He was emphatically a "Rough and Ready." When the

revolutionary storm commenced he was the kind of man to brave its fury.

He was then a militia colonel and at once rallied a brave band of Green

Mountain boys around him. Soon after the battle of Lexington he received

orders from the general Assembly of Connecticut to make a descent on

Ticonderoga and Crown Point. About that time Arnold had been charged by

the Massachusetts Committee to raise 400 men for the same purpose. On

his arrival he found Col. Allen prepared to march with 300 men and

became his aid in the expedition. On the 9th of May 1775 they arrived at

the lake opposite Ticonderoga and with great difficulty landed 83 men

near the garrison during the night. As day was approaching the Colonel

determined on an immediate attack. He led his Spartan band to the wicket

gate where a sentinel snapped his gun at the bold intruders and fled

into the fort closely followed by the Green Mountain boys who rushed in

and formed on the parade ground facing the two barracks and made the

welkin ring with three loud huzzas. One of the guard who begged for

quarter pointed out the apartment of the officers. Col. Allen entered

with his sword drawn and demanded the surrender of the fort from the

astonished Capt. De la Place who was in command. He jumped out of bed,

rubbed his eyes and asked by whose authority the demand was made. The

Colonel quickly replied--"_I demand it in the name of the great Jehovah

and the Continental Congress._" The summons was promptly obeyed. Crown

Point surrendered the same day and shortly after, the only British sloop

of war, which gave Col. Allen the mastery of Lake Champlain. In the fall

of that year Col. Brown pledged himself to act in concert in an attack

upon Montreal but failing to meet him Col. Allen was overwhelmed by

numbers and taken prisoner, loaded with irons and treated with

proverbial British cruelty--a mistaken policy on the part of the crown

officers that did much towards rousing the Americans to resistance. He

was sent to England with a strong promise of a halter on his arrival. In

1776 he was returned to N. York and was not exchanged until the 6th of

May 1778. Bad treatment had ruined his iron constitution. A base attempt

was made to bribe him which he resented with the dignity of an honest

freeman. He wrote a history of the cruelties uniformly practised upon

the American prisoners. During his confinement in N. York he estimated

that over 2000 perished by hunger, cold and disease produced by the

impurity of the prisons and prison ships. Col. Allen was highly esteemed

as a stern patriot, a good citizen--an honest man. He died suddenly at

his home in Colchester, Vermont, on the 13th of February 1789.

ALLEN EBENEZER a brave subaltern officer who was with Col. Allen at the

capture of Ticonderoga. At the head of only 40 of his Spartan comrades

he took the fortress on the hill Defiance without the loss of a man. At

the brilliant affair near Bennington he headed the small division that

was stationed behind a ledge of rocks and kept the enemy at bay until

Gen. Stark could form his men to drive back the reinforcement that came

up before he could properly dispose of the large number of prisoners he

had taken. Mr. Allen closed his mortal career in 1805.

ALLEN MOSES was born in Northampton, Mass. on the 14th of September

1748. He graduated at Princeton college--prepared for the

ministry--became pastor of the Presbyterian church at Medway,

Georgia--advocated the cause of equal rights in the pulpit and when

mingling with the people. In 1778 the British under Gen. Provost made a

descent upon Medway--laid in ashes the meeting house and most of the

private dwellings. Mr. Allen was made chaplain of the Georgia

brigade--repaired to Savannah--was there taken prisoner--sent on board a

ship of war--was treated with great cruelty--attempted an escape by

swimming to the shore and was drowned on the 8th of February 1779.

ALEXANDER WILLIAM was born in the city of New York in 1726. He was a

Major General in the Continental army--fought bravely at the battle of

Long Island on the 27th of August 1776 where he was taken prisoner. At

the battle of Germantown his brigade was a part of the reserve. At the

battle of Monmouth he commanded the left wing of the American troops and

did himself great credit as a brave, discreet and accomplished officer.

This noble veteran died at Albany, New York on the 15th of January 1783.

ARMSTRONG JOHN was early enrolled with the list of heroes that periled

life for Liberty. He was one of the brave officers who so nobly defended

fort Moultrie against the desperate attack of Sir Peter Parker when he

visited Charleston harbor on a belligerent pleasure excursion. He was

raised to the rank of Brigadier General and distinguished himself at the

battle of Germantown and other places. After the Revolution he located

in Pennsylvania and was elected to Congress from that state. He was in

all respects a worthy man and took his final leave of his friends in

1795.

BARRY JOHN was born in the county of Wexford, Ireland in 1745 and came

to Philadelphia, Pa. when he was but 15 years of age. Previous to the

American Revolution he became a skilful mariner and rose to the rank of

captain of a large merchant vessel. In February 1776 Congress put him in

command of the brig Lexington with 16 guns with which he made several

successful cruises. In 1777 the British attacked the little American

Navy in the Delaware, then under the command of Commodore Barry and

destroyed it at White Hall. He subsequently took charge of the Raleigh

of 32 guns and was run on shore in Penobscot Bay by the enemy and lost

his ship. He was then transferred to a ship commissioned with letters of

marque and reprisal and cruised among the West India Islands with

success. On his return he was put in command of the Alliance frigate and

left Boston in February 1781 for France with John Laurens, American

minister to that kingdom. When returning he came in contact with the

British ship Atlanta and brig Treposa on the 29th of May and captured

them both after a severe engagement. In February 1782 he had what the

British captain called a drawn battle with an English frigate of equal

metal with his own but could out sail her. The enemy had 37 killed and

50 wounded--Com. Barry but 3 killed and 11 wounded. Lord Howe offered

him 20,000 guineas and command of the best frigate in the British navy

if he would turn traitor. This base proposition was repelled with

contempt. When war seemed inevitable with France he was put in command

of the frigate United States and cruised on the West India Station. He

was noble in spirit, humane in discipline, discreet and fearless in

battle, urbane in his manners, a splendid officer, a good citizen, a

devoted Christian and true patriot. He died in Philadelphia on the 30th

of September 1803.

BEATTY WILLIAM born in Frederick county Maryland on the 19th of June

1758. In 1776 he was commissioned an Ensign under Col. Griffith and

served under Gen. Washington at New York. The next year he was

commissioned Lieutenant and in a few months was raised to the rank of

Captain and ultimately transferred to the renowned 1st Maryland regiment

of regulars under Col. Gunby which was ordered south and performed

astonishing feats of noble daring at the battle of Cowpens and at

Guilford court house on the 15th of March 1781. He there engaged in

single combat when the battle was raging with the fury of desperation

and pierced his antagonist through the heart. That battle was

emphatically fought hand to hand like those of Chippewa, Lundy's lane

and Bridgewater during our last war with mother Britain. At the battle

near Camden South Carolina on the 25th of the next April, Captain Beatty

fell mortally wounded as he was gallantly leading on his company to the

charge. His loss was keenly felt. He was in all respects a noble man and

an officer of great promise. In his report Gen. Greene remarked--"Among

the killed is Capt. Beatty of the Maryland line one of the best of

officers and an ornament to his profession."

BIDDLE NICHOLAS was born in the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in

1750. He became a seaman when but 14 years of age and gave great promise

of becoming one of the noblest sons of the main. He and his shipmates

were cast away on a barren island on the 2d day of January 1766 two

remaining there with him for nearly two months in a state of extreme

suffering. In 1773 he and Horatio--afterwards Lord Nelson, doffed their

uniforms and shipped before the mast on board the Carcase bound on a

voyage to the north pole and penetrated to 81 deg. 39' north latitude. At

the commencement of the American Revolution Capt Biddle was put in

command of the Camden galley on the Delaware. He was subsequently

transferred to the Andrew Dorin of 14 guns with 130 men and attached to

the infant fleet of Commodore Hopkins, destined for the Island of New

Providence. On arriving at the capes the small pox became general among

the other crews--disease obliged the fleet to run into New London. After

replenishing his numbers Capt. Biddle was ordered to cruise off the

banks of Newfoundland where he was so successful in capturing British

ships that when he arrived in the Delaware he had but five of his

original crew, the others having been put on board the prizes.

On his return he was placed in command of the frigate Randolph of 32

guns and sailed from Philadelphia in February 1777 with a crew partly

made up of English seamen. Shortly after he got to sea he was overtaken

by a gale which carried away nearly all the masts of his frigate. He

then steered for Charleston to repair. On the way mother Britain's

children formed a plan to dispatch the Americans and take the ship

although they were shipped upon their own urgent solicitation professing

to sustain the cause of Independence. They were promptly put down and

sullenly returned to duty. When thoroughly repaired he again put out to

sea. On the third day he fell in with four English vessels, one the True

Briton with 20 guns, all of which he captured. He took several other

prizes and returned to Charleston. So highly did the citizens of that

city esteem Capt. Biddle as an officer and gentleman that they fitted

out the ship General Moultrie--the brigs Fair American, Polly, and Notre

Dame and placed on board the Randolph fifty men from the first regiment

of the South Carolina infantry to act as marines--the whole of which

were placed under command of Capt. Biddle. His little fleet continued

cruising and capturing prizes until the night of the 7th of March 1778

when it came in contact with the English two decker ship Yarmouth of 64

guns, Capt. Vincent. At 8 P. M. a severe action commenced. Capt. Biddle

was severely wounded in the thigh but continued on deck encouraging his

brave tars. His fire was incessant--at least three broad sides to that

of one from the enemy. In 20 minutes after the commencement of the fight

the Randolph blew up--the brave, accomplished, intrepid and gallant

Biddle was launched into eternity. The Yarmouth was so badly crippled

that she permitted the other vessels to depart unmolested.

BLAND THEODORIC was born in Virginia in 1742. He was one of the early

patriots and left a lucrative medical practice and took command of a

regiment of dragoons. In several actions he proved himself a brave and

efficient officer. In 1779 he was put in command of the convention

troops at Albemarle barracks. The next year he was elected to Congress.

He was a member of the Virginia Legislature when the Federal

Constitution was adopted and voted with the minority for the same

reasons that induced Patrick Henry to oppose it. When adopted he was its

firm adherent and was a member of the first Congress that convened under

its broad mantle. He died on the 1st of June 1790 while a member of the

House of Representatives. He was a good, discreet and honest man.

BLOUNT THOMAS was born in North Carolina in 1760. He entered the

Continental army at the age of 16 and served faithfully to the close of

the war. He was subsequently made a major-general of the militia of his

native state. He was a valued member of Congress for many years. He was

a man in the full sense of the word. He died on the 8th of February 1812

while at his post in the national legislature.

BOUDINOT ELIAS was ushered into life on the 2d day of May 1740 in the

city of Philadelphia. He read law with Richard Stockton, a signer of the

Declaration of Independence. In 1776 Congress appointed him Commissary

General of prisoners. The next, year he was elected to the Continental

Congress and proved an able and efficient member. In 1782 he was

elevated to the presidential chair of that bright galaxy of sages and

had the high honor--the untold pleasure: of signing the treaty of peace

forced from mother Britain. In 1780 he was elected a member of Congress

under the new constitution. In 1795 President Washington placed him at

the head of the Mint at Philadelphia which office he filled for 12

years. He then retired from the public arena and settled at Bordentown,

N. J. where he died on the 24th of October 1821. He was a noble,

generous, talented and good man. He was the first President of the

American Bible Society and made liberal donations to that and several

other benevolent institutions.

BOWDOIN JAMES first breathed the vital air in Boston, Mass, in 1727. He

became a prominent public man at an early age--was a bold and sterling

whig--opposed the usurpations of the crown--was one of the trio of the

committee that bearded Gen. Gage, who ostracised him, Dexter and

Winthrop from the General Assembly. Mr. Bowdoin was elected to the first

General Congress in 1774 but was prevented from attending by ill health.

He was President of the Convention that framed the first constitution of

Massachusetts under the new order of things. In 1785-6 he was Governor

of his native state. He was an able statesman, a firm patriot, a devoted

Christian--an honest man. He died at Boston on the 6th of November 1700.

BRADFORD WILLIAM was born in the city of Philadelphia, Pa. on the 14th

of September 1755. In the spring of 1776 he was made brigade-major under

Gen. Roberdeau who commanded the flying camp. He subsequently commanded

a company of regulars under Col. Hampton for a short time and was then

appointed Deputy Paymaster General and served two years when he left the

military service--resumed the study of law--was admitted to the Bar in

1779 and in 1780 was made Attorney-General of the Keystone state. On the

22d of August 1791 Gov. Mifflin raised him to the Bench of the Supreme

Court of Pennsylvania which office he filled with great dignity until

the 28th of January 1794 when he was appointed Attorney-General of the

United States, which office he held up to the time of his death. He

performed all the duties of public and private life with great ability

and strict fidelity. He stood approved by his country, his conscience

and his God. He died at Philadelphia on the 23d of August 1795 in full

hope of an unfading crown of glory.

BROAD HEZEKIAH was born in Massachusetts in 1748. He was a man of strong

common sense, great moral courage, stern integrity--discreet and

consistent in all things. He early and firmly opposed British

oppression. He was a member of the Provincial Congress in 1774 and a

delegate of the Massachusetts Convention that framed the state

constitution in 1779. He filled various public offices with honor to

himself and usefulness to his constituents. He died at Nantick, Mass, on

the 17th of March 1824.

BROOKS ELEAZER was first introduced to his friends in Concord, Mass. in

1726. He was a man of bright intellect and untiring perseverance.

Without the advantages of a school he became a man of extensive

information by studying books, men and things. In 1774 he was elected to

the General Court and remained a distinguished member of the different

branches of the Legislature for 27 years. He was an uncompromising enemy

to all tyranny. At the battle of White Plains in 1776 he commanded a

regiment with the skill of a veteran soldier. At the battle of Still

Water on the 7th of October 1777 his cool and determined courage was the

subject of general remark. He lived esteemed and died lamented at

Lincoln, Mass. on the 9th of November 1806.

BROOKS JOHN was first presented to the human family in Medford, Mass. in

1752. He was well educated--became a physician and commenced a

successful practice in the town of Reading near his native place. When

the revolutionary storm commenced its fury he exchanged his amputating

knife for a sword. His noble bearing and skill in military tactics

attracted the attention of Washington. He was soon promoted to the grade

of lieutenant-colonel and rendered important service in the capture of

Burgoyne. At the close of the war he resumed the practice of medicine at

Medford. He became major-general of militia and commanded the military

that put down the insurrection in Massachusetts in 1786. During the last

war with mother Britain he was the adjutant-general of Gov. Strong and

succeeded him as chief magistrate of the State. He performed all the

duties of public and private life with a well tempered zeal and

unquestioned integrity. He died in Medford, Mass. in 1825.

BROWN ANDREW was one of those brave spirits who seized their rusty

muskets, powder horns and slugs and met the enemy on the heights of

Lexington. At the noted battle of Bunker's and Breed's Hill he was among

the last who left the entrenchments for want of "a little more grape,"

He removed to Philadelphia when his war-toils were over and conducted

the Federal Gazette in Chestnut Street. On the 27th of January 1797 his

office and dwelling house were consumed by fire. His wife and three

children perished in the flames. In an attempt to rescue them he was so

severely injured that he expired on the 4th of February following.

BROWN JOHN was born in Providence, Rhode Island in 1736. He led the

party that dared to resist the crown task-masters and destroyed the

British sloop of war Gasper in Narraganset Bay in 1772. That was the

second kick the Rhode Islanders gave the revolutionary ball. He was an

enterprising merchant--at one time member of Congress--a friend to

education and public improvements, a good citizen and worthy man. He

died at Providence, R. I. in 1803.

BROWN MOSES was welcomed to earth in 1741 at some place in New

England--of the precise location we have no record. He was a bold

mariner--never liked old England--became an active patriot--commanded

several privateers with great success and did good service for his

country until he saw her free and independent with the white, red and

blue floating in the breeze of LIBERTY. He lived respected and died

regretted in 1803.

BROWN ROBERT was born in Northampton County, Pa. in 1745. He was among

the first officers who entered the field against the invading foe and

was taken prisoner at the unfortunate affair on Long Island. Being a man

of fine sense, pleasing manners and good address, he was not closely

confined and was permitted to work at his trade of blacksmith and

distributed his earnings among the destitute prisoners. He was

subsequently raised to the rank of brigadier-general of militia in his

native State--filled many civil stations--was member of Congress for

sixteen years--voted for the war in 1812--lived to see mother Britain

flogged a second time--spent his last years in the full sunshine of

quiescent peace--died at Allentown, Pa. in 1823 most deeply mourned by

those who knew him best.

BRYAN GEORGE was a native of Ireland--when he came into the world and

made his final exit the record saith not. He came to Philadelphia soon

after he reached his majority and became a wholesale merchant and highly

respected citizen. He had imbibed no love for England during his

youth--in manhood he sternly opposed her innovations upon the chartered

rights of his adopted country. He was a member of the Continental

Congress in 1775. He was subsequently made Vice President of

Pennsylvania and in 1778 filled the presidential chair of that State. He

adorned every station he occupied with becoming dignity and usefulness.

He was a Christian, gentleman and scholar.

BURD BENJAMIN was born at Fort Littleton, Bedford County, Pa. in 1755

and was made a lieutenant in Col. Thompson's regiment of riflemen at the

age of twenty. He was in several fights near Boston in 1775. He was at

the disastrous battle of Long Island and behaved with great gallantry.

In 1777 he was commissioned captain in the 4th Pennsylvania

Regiment--was at the battles of Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine,

Germantown and Monmouth and in every instance stood highly approved by

his superior officers. At Germantown he acted as major. In 1779 he was

with the detachment that dispersed the Indians up the Hudson and burnt

their towns. After the war he located at Fort Littleton--subsequently

removed to Bedford where he lived highly esteemed for his past noble

services, uniform virtue and correctness in the discharge of all the

duties of a life well spent. He died at Bedford on the 5th of October,

1823.

BURR AARON commenced his remarkable life in Newark, N.J. in 1756. As

manhood dawned upon him his genius rose in all the brightness of the sun

on a cloudless morning. He was hailed as a brilliant luminary to light

up the pathway to the goal of LIBERTY. He was a powerful advocate in the

cause of FREEDOM and exemplified his precepts by feats of noble daring

in the battle field. He was aid to the brave Putnam and rose to the rank

of lieutenant-colonel. At the close of the Revolution he stood on a

lofty eminence and commanded the admiration of the populace. His

towering genius was fast ascending to high meridian in refulgent glory.

He was elected to the United States Senate where his giant intellect

became more conspicuous--his thirst for power more prominent. He was

next elected Vice President and made a desperate attempt to supplant

Thomas Jefferson as President. He made an unsuccessful Cataline grasp at

the presidential chair which blotted out his political sun for ever.

Alexander Hamilton made some prophetic remarks upon the prospective

danger shadowed by his reaching demonstrations and ulterior designs. He

planned and consummated the death of that illustrious statesman. The

commingled clouds of wild ambition, consuming malice and fell revenge

eclipsed the sunbeams of his genius. A blacker cloud spread its ebony

mantle over these. The charge of TREASON veiled the bright morning of

AARON BURR in darkness impenetrable and paralyzed his day-spring of

usefulness. His great legal and consummate shrewdness saved him from its

technicality--not from the burning curse of a nation of freemen. To

render this darkness more visible he was the Promethean vulture that

devoured blooming innocence--the blighting sirocco that withered the

bowers of domestic felicity. Like an isolated majestic oak with its

green foliage seared by lightning fire--he stood alone for nearly half a

century exposed to the scorching heat of bitter scorn--the chilling

blasts of cold neglect--a fearful warning to those who wander from the

path of wisdom--the only path of safety. He died on Staten I. 14th.

Sept. 1836.

BUTLER RICHARD is first introduced by the record as a brave

lieutenant-colonel in Morgan's rifle corps. For his correct deportment

at all times and noble daring on various occasions at the south under La

Fayette, he was raised lo the rank of colonel. He was next in command

under Gen. St. Clair in his unfortunate expedition against the western

Indians in 1791. At the sanguinary and disastrous battle of the 4th of

November of that year Col. Butler commanded the right wing of the army

with the rank of general and repeatedly led his men to the charge and

for a time seemed certain of victory. Bleeding from several wounds he

retired for surgical aid and in a few moments was rushed upon by an

Indian warrior who gave him a mortal wound with his tomahawk. He

immediately killed the savage with his pistol--they slumbered in death

together.

BUTLER THOMAS was introduced into the great family of man in 1754. He

was brother to Col. Richard Butler just mentioned. There were five

brothers engaged in the Continental army. They appear to have been

natives of Pennsylvania. Thomas was a law student under James Wilson of

Philadelphia at the commencement of the Revolution. In 1776 he exchanged

the law office for the camp and proved a brave and efficient officer. He

had command of a company to the close of the Revolution and was in

nearly every severe battle in the middle States. At Brandywine he

received the thanks of Gen. Washington on the field of battle through

his aid Gen. Hamilton, for rallying a detachment of flying troops and

giving the enemy a severe check. At the battle of Monmouth he received

the thanks of Gen. Wayne for defending a defile while Col. Richard

Butler removed his regiment from a perilous position. He had command of

a battalion under Gen. St. Clair on the memorable 4th of Nov. 1791 and

behaved with great coolness and intrepidity. Mounted on his horse he led

his men to the charge after his leg was broken by a ball. His surviving

brother--Capt. Edward Butler, had great difficulty in bringing him from

the field. In 1794 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel and

put in command of the 4th sub legion. He commanded at Pittsburgh and by

his undaunted courage more than by the numerical force of his troops he

prevented the whisky insurgents from taking possession of the garrison.

He was continued on the peace establishment--made several treaties with

the Indians--was persecuted by jealous enemies--charged with

misconduct--tried by a court martial--honorably acquitted and died the

7th of September 1805.

CADWALADER THOMAS was ushered into this world in 1743 in the city of

Philadelphia, Pa. At the commencement of the struggle for Liberty he was

in the front rank of the brave revolutionary generals and enjoyed the

unlimited confidence of the illustrious Washington. At the beginning of

the war he commanded a corps called the "Silk Stocking Company"--rather

a problematical name for patriot soldiers as they were--for so perfect

was this corps in military tactics that nearly all of its members were

made commissioned officers. He was soon made a brigadier-general and put

in command of the Pennsylvania troops. During 1776-7 he was constantly

on duty--participated in the battles of Princeton, Brandywine,

Germantown and Monmouth--displaying great courage, skill and prudence on

each occasion. He loved Washington better than his own life. When Gen.

Conway slandered the commander-in-chief he was at once challenged by

Gen. Cadwalader and was dangerously wounded. Supposing he might not

survive, he wrote to Washington acknowledging he had done him great

injustice. Gen. Cadwalader was an ornament to the age in which he lived.

In him the soldier, statesman, gentleman and scholar were all

harmoniously blended. In public and private life he filled up the

measure of a good man and crowned the design of his creation with an

imperishable fame. His career was a continued round of usefulness.

CASWELL RICHARD is first introduced by the record in the capacity of

Governor of North Carolina previous to the Revolution. He was an

esteemed member of the Bar and remarkable for his kindness to the poor.

He was a staunch whig and member of the first general Congress in 1774.

In 1776 he commanded a regiment and proved himself a brave and skilful

officer. With 1000 minute men he engaged Gen. McDonald with a force of

1500--killed and wounded 70 of his men--took him prisoner with 1500

rifles. This victory gave a fresh impetus to the glorious cause of

Independence in North Carolina. This bold patriot ultimately reached the

rank of major-general of militia. He was President of the Convention

that framed the first Constitution of his State and governor for four

years under that Constitution. He was President of the Senate at the

time of his death. His life was nobly spent, his usefulness extensive,

his reputation unsullied, his death deeply lamented. We died at

Fayetteville, N. C. on the 20th of November 1789.

CHAMPE JOHN was introduced on this whirling planet in Loudoun county,

Virginia, in 1752. He was naturally a soldier. In 1776 he was appointed

sergeant-major of Lee's legion of cavalry and gained a high reputation

for bravery and noble daring. He was engaged in the hazardous enterprise

of apparently deserting to the enemy at N. York for the purpose of

capturing and returning Arnold to the American camp that the life of

Andre might be saved. Arnold changed his quarters on the very evening

fixed for his abduction and thus saved himself and sacrificed one of the

brightest ornaments of the British army. Had Sir Henry Clinton complied

with the request of Washington and exchanged Arnold for Andre, justice

would have been vindicated--humanity honored and England relieved from

supporting a base traitor and his present descendants. Champe went

south with the enemy--returned to his corps the first opportunity and

met with a warm reception from his old companions. Washington rewarded

him liberally and discharged him from the service for fear he might fall

into the hands of the British and be treated with a halter. He removed

to Kentucky where he died in 1797.

CHRYSTIE JAMES was born near Edinburgh, Scotland, 1750. At the age of 15

he came to Philadelphia and the next year received the commission of

Lieutenant in the Continental army. He was soon put in command of a

company and held the commission of Captain to the end of the war. He was

one of Washington's favorites. No one better deserved his esteem. He was

a brave soldier, a firm patriot, a good citizen, an honest man and a

consistent Christian. The time of his death is not on the record.

Lieutenant Colonel James Chrystie of the 15th regiment of U. S.

Infantry, who fought so desperately at Queenston and other places during

the last war with England, was his son and worthy of his noble sire.

CLARK GEORGE ROGERS is first introduced to us as a colonel in the

service of the state of Virginia and the pioneer warrior of the then far

west. No man ever understood better the Indian character and mode of

warfare and no man did as much hard service on the frontier as Col.

Clark. He was the protecting father of all the early settlements in

Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio and south western Pennsylvania. He

became a terror to the red men. During the whole time of the Revolution

he had command of the small forces on the western frontier and was

commissioned a Brigadier General of the Continental army in 1781. In all

respects Gen. Clark was well qualified to perform the hazardous duties

that devolved upon him and did more than the acutest human sagacity

dared anticipate. After a general peace took place with mother Britain

and ultimately with her savage ally--the red men--Gen. Clark settled

near Louisville, Kentucky to enjoy the fruits of his long and arduous

toils. He was looked upon as the father of that broad section of

country. Respected, beloved and honored--he glided down the stream of

time until 1817 when his noble spirit went to its final rest.

CLINTON CHARLES father of James and George, was born in Longford,

Ireland in 1690. On the 20th of May 1789 he embarked for America and

after a tedious passage with a ruffian captain who compelled the

passengers to give him a large sum of money above the price of their

passage, he landed at Cape Cod instead of Philadelphia according to

agreement. Mr. Clinton ultimately located in Ulster County New York,

then a dense wilderness filled with wild beasts and savages more wild

than them. He became a prominent public man and opposed the first

indications of British oppression. He diffused liberal principles among

his neighbors and planted them deep in the minds of his sons who did

honor to their noble sire. He lived long enough to see the lurid clouds

that portended the Revolutionary storm--just long enough to prepare his

brave sons and neighbors for the approaching crisis. He was an honest

man and a Christian. He died at his original residence in Ulster County

on the 19th day of November 1773.

CLINTON GEORGE, a brother of James, born in Ulster county, New York, on

the 26th of July 1739. They were sons of Col. Charles Clinton who was a

native of Ireland. George was liberally educated, possessed a strong

mind, great decision of character and highly charged with original--not

modern demagogue patriotism. He was a member of the Congress of 1775-6.

He was present and voted for the Declaration of Independence but being a

Brigadier General of the Continental army he was compelled to leave

before that sacred instrument was prepared for signatures--the reason

why his name is not enrolled with the other sages. In April 1777 he was

elected the first Governor of the State of New York under the new order

of things and filled that office 18 consecutive years when ill health

compelled him to decline. He commanded at Forts Clinton and Montgomery

on the Hudson when they were taken by an overwhelming force after a most

desperate resistance of several hours. The British force amounted to

4000--the American to only 500 within a very imperfect fortification.

The works were stormed in the night which enabled the governor and many

of his officers and men to escape through the defiles in the mountains.

In 1801 he was again elected Governor of New York and in 1805 Vice

President of the United States in which office he continued until the

time of his decease which occurred at the city of Washington on the 20th

of April 1812 when Congress was in session. A nation mourned the loss of

one of her noblest sons, his friends one of their best companions, his

kinsmen one of their dearest relatives. The closing sentence on his

monument at Washington speaks volumes. "While he lived, his virtue,

wisdom and valor were the pride, the ornament and security of his

country and when he died he left an illustrious example of a well spent

life worthy of all imitation."

CLINTON JAMES was first announced to his friends on a bright

Thursday--the 9th of August 1736 in Ulster County, New York. He was by

nature a military genius--by heritage a stern patriot. With an iron

constitution and great physical powers he united an accomplished

education, great military experience acquired in the French war of 1756

and the subsequent border wars up to the time the American Revolution

commenced. In 1775 he was appointed colonel by the Continental Congress

and fought by the side of the brave Montgomery when he fell at Quebec.

On the 9th of August 1776 Congress raised him to the rank of Brigadier

General. He was at the desperate defence of Fort Clinton in October 1777

and was severely wounded and escaped after the enemy had stormed the

imperfect works with 4000 regulars against 500 soldiers mostly raw

militia. He commanded a division under Gen. Sullivan in his expedition

down the Susquehanna against the Indians and was one of his most

reliable officers. He was raised to the rank of Major General and closed

his brilliant military career at the siege of Yorktown. He subsequently

filled several civil stations. In all the duties of public and private

life he acquitted himself nobly and with great usefulness to his

country. He died on the 22d of December 1822 near his native place.

COMSTOCK ADAM was first introduced to his relatives in 1743. He was a

soldier by nature--powerful in body, of undaunted courage, an

enthusiastic patriot and good disciplinarian. He had the confidence of

Washington who raised him to the rank of Colonel in the Continental

line. At the brilliant victory at Red Bank he was the officer of the

day. Alternately with Gen. Smith of Maryland he commanded at the

successful defence of Mud Fort. After the war he filled various civil

stations and was many years a member of the New York Legislature. His

long and arduous services are a matter of history--no higher Eulogy need

be pronounced. He died at his home in Saratoga County, New York on the

10th of April 1819.

COWARD JOSEPH was a native of Monmouth County, New Jersey. In view of

this cognomen we may well exclaim--"What's in a name my lord?" He was a

Coward and yet one of the bravest of the Revolutionary captains. He was

a great terror to the refugees _alias_ tories. At the battle of Monmouth

and several other places his undaunted courage was conspicuous. When the

British fleet lay off Sandy Hook, one of the supply ships ran too near

the shore and stuck fast. With a few men Capt. Coward captured her in

defiance of two barges manned with superior numbers that were sent to

the rescue. At the close of the war he returned to his farm--became the

esteemed citizen and fully exemplified the noble attributes of an honest

man.

CROGHAN WILLIAM was born in Ireland in 1752 and came to America at an

early age. He had imbibed no love for mother England in his native

country--he detested her tyranny in America. At the commencement of the

Revolution he pledged his life in favor of equal rights. In 1776 he

received the commission of Captain in the Continental army and took

command of a company of Infantry in the Virginia line. He was in the

battles of Brandywine, Germantown and Monmouth and received the high

approbation of his superior officers. When the enemy invaded the south

he was ordered to that field and raised to the rank of Major. At

Charleston he was among the prisoners surrendered by Gen. Lincoln and

was not exchanged during the war. He returned on parole and was a looker

on at the siege of Yorktown but could not participate in that glorious

victory. In the spring of 1784 he located at Locust Grove, Jefferson

County, Kentucky, where he lived respected until September 1822 when he

departed to the spirit world deeply mourned by his numerous friends.

CROPPER JOHN was born in Virginia in 1746. He was a captain in the 9th

Virginia Regiment at the age of 19 which joined the northern army in

December 1776. He was soon raised to the rank of major in the 5th

Virginia Regiment which was literally cut to pieces at the battle of

Brandywine. He retreated with those who could march and lay concealed in

a thicket until after midnight and then proceeded to Chester with a red

handkerchief upon a ramrod for a flag. His friends were no less

astonished than rejoiced to see him and his brave remnant of soldiers,

supposing they had fallen or were prisoners. He was subsequently raised

to the rank of colonel and commanded the 11th Virginia Regiment until

the 30th November 1782 when he returned to his long neglected home. When

Commodore Whaley was attacked in the Chesapeake Bay by five British

barges and was deserted by the three that were with him at the

commencement of the fight, Col. Cropper was in the barge with him. The

Commodore and half of his men being killed the Colonel continued the

action and for some minutes defended himself against two white men and a

negro of his own who was the means of saving his life. The moment he

discovered it was his young master he cried out--"_Save my young

master!_"--for which Col. Cropper gave him his freedom and settled him

comfortably in Baltimore. The Colonel was ultimately promoted to the

rank of general--lived highly esteemed at Bowman's Folly until the 15th

of January 1812 when he departed in peace to the upper world leaving an

untarnished reputation and a well-earned fame on the records of history.

CUSHING THOMAS was ushered into life at Boston, Mass. in 1725. He

received a good education and commenced a useful public career soon

after reaching his majority. In 1763 he was chosen speaker of the

General Court of Massachusetts and was continued for several years. He

was with Adams, Hancock and the other bold Whigs in all the measures of

that eventful period. He was a member of the Continental Congress in

1774-5 and continued active and unwavering in the cause of freedom until

it was consummated. He filled various legislative and judicial stations

after the Revolution and performed all the duties of public and private

life with ability and fidelity. He adorned the Christian character. He

was lieutenant-governor when he died on the 28th of February 1788.

DALE RICHARD was born in Virginia in 1756. In 1776 he was made a

midshipman on board the Lexington. The next year he was taken by the

enemy and sent to the celebrated Mill Prison in England. At the end of a

year he escaped to France and joined Paul Jones on board the American

armed ship Bon Homme Richard and was made first lieutenant. He was in

the desperate action with the British frigate Serapis. In 1794 he became

a captain in the United States navy. In 1801 he was put in command of

the American squadron that sailed to the Mediterranean and humbled the

insolent Bashaw of Tripoli by battering down his caste. On his return in

1802 he located in Philadelphia where he lived in peace and plenty until

1826 when he made his final bow to the king of terrors and launched upon

the ocean of eternity. He earned an enduring reputation for bravery,

skill and humane discipline as a naval officer. As a citizen he

sustained an unblemished character.

DARKE WILLIAM made his first appearance on earth in the county of

Philadelphia, Pa. in 1736. His parents removed to Virginia when he was a

child. He was with Braddock at his memorable defeat in 1755. At the

commencement of the Revolution he entered the Continental army with the

commission of captain and served faithfully to the close of the war when

he had reached the rank of major. In 1791 he was put in command of a

regiment under Gen. St. Clair--lost a son in the disastrous battle of

the 4th of November of that year and had several hair-breadth escapes

himself. His latter years were peaceful and happy. He died at his seat

in Jefferson County, Virginia, on the 26th of Nov. 1801. He left an

unsullied reputation.

DAVIE RICHARDSON WILLIAM came into the world under the auspices of the

crown of Britain at Egremont, England, on the 20th of June 1756. In 1763

his father brought him to North Carolina and left him with the Rev.

William Richardson a maternal uncle, who adopted him as a son and gave

him a liberal education. At the commencement of the Revolution he

resolved to join the patriots in the defence of equal rights. He was

soon put in command of a company of dragoons and annexed to the legion

under Count Pulaski. In a few months Capt. Davie was promoted to brigade

major of cavalry. When Gen. Lincoln attempted to dislodge Lieut. Col.

Maitland at Stono, Maj. Davie was severely wounded and disabled for five

months. After his recovery he raised a corps of one company of dragoons

and two of mounted infantry and spent the last shilling of a large

estate in furnishing equipments and supplies for the service. He

participated in the trying scenes of the southern campaigns under

Generals Gates, Greene and others, until the foe was conquered and

Independence secured. No officer of his grade did more to promote the

cause of Liberty. After the war he became an eminent lawyer. He was a

member of the Convention that framed the Federal Constitution. Every

station he occupied in public and private life he filled with dignity

and integrity. He was major-general of militia--governor of his State

and minister to France in 1799. On his return his amiable wife was ill

and soon died. He then removed to South Carolina and died at Chester in

1820. In life he exemplified all those high qualities that adorn the man

and the Christian. He never united with any church because he considered

manufactured creeds too dogmatical and sectarian lines drawn too closely

for the growth of charity which he considered as broad as the human

family--as diffusive as mountain air.

DAVIDSON WILLIAM was first presented to his fond parents in Lancaster

County, Pa. in 1746 and when but four years of age removed with his

father to Rowan County, N. C. At an early age he enlisted under the star

spangled banner and was presented with the commission of major in one of

the first regiments raised in North Carolina. Under Gen. Nash he

repaired to the main army then in New Jersey. In 1779 he returned south,

colonel of his regiment. By calling a few days at his home he escaped

being made prisoner at the surrender of Charleston. He was very

efficient in raising troops and supplies in his own state. In an

engagement at Colson's Mills he was severely wounded and disabled for

five weeks. On the last day of January 1780 Gen. Greene detached him

with 300 men to prevent the enemy from passing the Catawba river. His

corps was too small to repel the overwhelming force of Lord Cornwallis.

He made a desperate defence and was instantly killed at his post. Col.

Hall and several more of the British fell at the same time. In life Col.

Davidson was greatly beloved and was an officer of great promise. His

loss was keenly regretted and sincerely mourned.

DICKINSON PHILEMON was ushered into blooming life at Dover, Del. on the

5th of April 1739. Previous to the Revolution he located on a farm near

Trenton, N. J. where he soon became prominent in public affairs. As in

duty bound he boldly opposed the arrogant assumptions of mother Britain.

He was a member of the Convention that formed the first constitution of

his adopted state. He was made Commander-in-chief of the militia of N.

J. and was very active in promoting the glorious cause of Independence.

When stationed at Somerset Court House in January 1777 with only 300

plough boys of the true blue, Lord Cornwallis sent a foraging party of

400 regulars to a mill on the opposite side of Millstone river. Gen.

Dickinson and his men forded the cold river which was up to their hips

and rushed upon the enemy with such impetuosity that the red coats ran

for dear life leaving their field pieces, nearly 50 wagons and over 100

English draft horses with a considerable number of cattle and sheep. So

rapid was the flight that but 10 prisoners were taken. A number of

killed and wounded were carried away in light wagons. Gen. Washington

reported the brave act to Congress. Gen. Dickinson possessed great

energy of character. When Red Bank was in jeopardy the Governor refused

to order out the militia because his time had just expired and the

election had passed through his own default. The General assumed the

responsibility and brought them into the field in good time. He rendered

essential service at the battle of Monmouth. He performed all the duties

of life with promptness and fidelity. He was a member of the Senate of

the U. S. He died at his residence in February 1809.

DRAYTON WILLIAM HENRY commenced his infantile career at some place in

South Carolina in 1742--at what point the record saith not. He was

educated in England but did not fall in love with the principles of

monarchy. He was among the first, boldest, ablest and most energetic

patriots of his native state. He did much with his pen to open the minds

of the people to a sense of their true condition politically. In 1774 he

addressed a pamphlet to the Continental Congress under the title of

"FREEMEN" which raised him to a prominent position among the patriots.

It contained a bill of American Rights which was substantially adopted

by that Congress. In 1775 he was President of the Provincial Congress

and issued the first official order to oppose the enemy by force of

arms. It was addressed to Col. William Moultrie directing him to "oppose

the passage of any British naval armament that may attempt to pass Fort

Johnson." This marked his boldness and his zeal. He passed through

several judicial offices up to Chief Justice of the state. In April 1776

he used this remarkable language in his charge to the grand

jury--remarkable in point of time and the then existing circumstances of

the Colonies. "The Almighty created America to be independent of

Britain. Let us beware of the impiety of being backward to act as

instruments in the Almighty hand now extended to accomplish his

purpose." So long as South Carolina can produce such men she will not

secede from the UNION but leave the fanatics of the north to blow off

their harmless gas in their political deploys at home. In 1778-9 Mr.

Drayton was a member of the Continental Congress and died at his post in

Philadelphia in September 1779. He was cut down in the prime of life and

in the midst of a bright career of usefulness. He had earned an

imperishable fame and stood approved by his country--his conscience and

his God.

DYER ELIPHALET commenced his first stage of human life at Windham, Conn.

on the 28th of September 1721. He was liberally educated and became a

sound lawyer. He took command of a Connecticut regiment in 1755 and

served ungrateful mother Britain faithfully during most of the French

war. In 1763 he went to England on business and there became thoroughly

acquainted with the base designs of the ministry upon the American

Colonies. On his return he was prepared to warn the people of

approaching danger. He was an ardent whig--a fearless opposer of

tyranny. He was a member of the Congress of 1766-74. He was Chief

Justice of his state for many years and retired from public life in

1793. He adorned the prominent virtues that dignify a man and make him

useful in life--happy in death. He closed his earthly pilgrimage in

1807.

ELLSWORTH OLIVER was born at Windsor, Conn. on the 29th of April 1745.

He graduated at Princeton College, N.J. and became an eminent member of

the Bar. He was a firm advocate of chartered rights--a stern opposer of

British wrongs. He used his noblest exertions to induce the people to

strike for LIBERTY. In 1777 he was elected to the Continental Congress.

His commanding talents, stern integrity, powerful eloquence, keen

perception, conclusive logic, lucid demonstrations--all combined to

render him an efficient and highly appreciated member. He was a useful

delegate of the Convention that framed the Federal Constitution. In 1789

he was elected to the U. S. Senate--in 1796 appointed Chief Justice of

the Supreme Court of the United States--in 1799 Envoy Extraordinary to

France and dignified each of these high stations. Owing to ill health he

resigned his seat at the head of the Supreme Bench in 1800. Several high

offices were subsequently tendered to him which he respectfully

declined. His whole life was chastened with a republican simplicity and

primitive purity seldom found among those in high life at the present

ominous era. All admire his brilliant examples--too few will imitate

them. Judge Ellsworth slumbered in death on the 26th Nov. 1807.

FORREST URIAH was ushered into life in the county of St. Mary, Md. in

1756. In his youth he was commissioned a lieutenant in one of the

Maryland regiments and soon gained the reputation of a brave and

skillful officer. He rose rapidly to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He

acted a brilliant part in the battle of Germantown where he lost a leg

which closed his active military career. A man of strong intellect

improved by a good store of useful knowledge--he had a bright career

before him. He was a man of unbounded popularity and influence--filled

various public stations in his native State--was a member of the

Continental Congress--of the Legislature of Maryland and a member of

Congress under the Federal Constitution. He was for many years

major-general of the Maryland militia. In all his public stations he

acquitted himself nobly--in private life he had the esteem of a large

concourse of friends. The time of his final exit is not upon the record.

GADSDEN CHRISTOPHER was born in South Carolina in 1724. He was the

originator of the LIBERTY TREE in America. To cut loose from mother

Britain was a cherished project in his penetrating mind long before the

Revolution. He did not join in the general joy caused by the repeal of

the Stamp Act. He looked upon it like the transient calm in a storm that

often precedes the increased fury of the elements. As early as 1762 he

frequently said that nothing but open resistance would ever obtain

justice from Great Britain. Upon these matured conclusions he continued

to act until his long nursed vision became a happy reality and was

eclipsed by the more refulgent glories of the Declaration of

Independence. He was a member of the Congress convened at New York in

1765 and of the one at Philadelphia in 1774. He was also a general of

militia. He was of great service in rousing the people to action. He

was among the prisoners at the city of Charleston and then

lieutenant-governor. Being ill he was paroled. On the 27th of August

1780 he was dragged from his sick bed--put on board a prison ship and

taken to the castle at St. Augustine in violation of the rights of

prisoners on parole. He was there treated with great cruelty. A parole

for the town was offered him at St. Augustine which he indignantly

refused, saying he could place no dependence on any promise from a

British officer. When Maj. Andre was executed Gen. Gadsden was

tauntingly admonished to prepare for death as he would be made the

retaliatory sacrifice. He firmly replied--"I am always prepared to die

for my country." A more inflexible patriot, a more noble spirit, a more

ardent friend of Liberty never came from the clean hands of the Creator.

Gen. Gadsden had the love, sympathy, confidence and admiration of every

friend of the American cause. He died in 1805.

GANSEVOORT PETER entered upon the first stage of human life at Albany,

N. Y. on the 16th of July 1749. His taste for military tactics was

manifested in his boyhood. When he arrived at manhood he raised a

company of grenadiers that elicited the admiration of every beholder.

Not one of its members was under six feet--Capt. Gansevoort was six feet

three. In point of discipline and martial appearance, this company had

no superior. Being a firm Whig Capt. G. was ready to do good service for

his country at the commencement of the Revolution. He was appointed a

major by Congress on the 19th of July 1795. On the 19th of the next

month he took command of the second battalion of the New York forces and

shared the perilous campaign with Gen. Montgomery which terminated the

life of the latter. Congress made him lieutenant-colonel on the 19th of

March 1776 and on the 21st of November of that year appointed him

colonel of the 3d Regiment in the Continental army. His defence of Fort

Stanwix in August 1777 was one of the most brilliant achievements of the

American Revolution. It was besieged by a large body of British, Tories

and Indians, commanded by Col. St. Leger, who threatened summary

vengeance unless an unconditional surrender was made. He soon found he

had waked up the wrong passenger. He was promptly informed that Col.

Gansevoort never surrendered. The fort was defended until aid was sent

when Col. St. Leger was compelled to leave suddenly. For this brave act

Congress recorded him a vote of thanks on the 4th of October of that

year. In 1778 he was ordered to Albany--the next year accompanied Gen.

Sullivan in his expedition against the Indians and with a chosen band of

kindred spirits surprised and took the lower Mohawk castle and a large

number of prisoners. In 1781 an arrangement was smuggled through

Congress by improper influences that legislated this officer and several

other gallant men out of the army to the great mortification of

Washington. His native State made him a major-general Of militia. After

the war he held the office of sheriff in Albany County--was commissioner

to fortify the frontier posts--make treaties with the Indians--military

agent of the Northern Department and in 1802 was commissioned a

brigadier-general in the army of the United States which he held until

the 2d of July 1812 when he was suddenly called from time to eternity at

the moment our country needed just such men to conduct the second war of

Independence. Gen. Gansevoort was endowed with an unusual share of the

noble qualities that dignify a man in public and private life all of

which were purified by a life of practical piety.

GIBSON JOHN was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania on the 23d of May 1740.

At the age of 18 he was an excellent classical scholar. He was in

service under Gen. Forbes when Fort Du Quesne [now Pittsburgh] was taken

from the French and Indians. He settled there in 1763 for the purpose of

trade. In a short time he was taken prisoner by the Indians and had his

life saved by an old squaw who adopted him in the room of a lost son. He

was detained several years--became familiar with the language of several

tribes--with the general habits of red men which prepared him for future

duties. On gaining his liberty he returned to Pittsburgh and served

under Lord Dunmore in his expedition against the Shawnee Towns which

resulted in a treaty with children of the forest. Gen. Gibson was the

mediator and interpreter. To him alone was the celebrated speech of the

noble hearted Logan delivered in a copse a short distance from the

council ground. By him it was communicated to the other Chiefs and to

Lord Dunmore. At the commencement of the Revolution Gen. Gibson

commanded a regiment in the regular army--served a short time in New

York and New Jersey--was then transferred to his more appropriate place

upon the frontiers to keep in check the Indians. After the war he filled

various civil stations and was appointed Secretary of Indiana in 1800

and filled the office until the state was formed. He then took up his

residence with George Wallace, near Braddock's Field, who had married

his daughter with whom he lived until the 10th of April 1822, when his

immortal spirit returned to Him who gave it.

GIBSON GEORGE first made his appearance among his friends at Lancaster,

Pennsylvania in 1747. He was well educated--became a clerk to a merchant

in Philadelphia--sailed to the West Indies several times as supercargo

and finally went to his brother John at Pittsburgh. There he was

employed in a trading voyage down the Ohio and was unfortunate. He

changed his location and business several times up to the period of the

Revolution when he raised a company of the border men who were not of

polished manners but would fight like tigers. With them he joined the

Virginia troops at Williamsburgh, Virginia. They were all sharp-shooters

of which Lord Dunmore became convinced on the 25th of October 1775 when

he attacked Hampton with a naval force and was driven back by this

company with considerable loss. Capt. Gibson performed a perilous

journey to New Orleans for the purpose of obtaining powder for the army

from the Spanish which was a very delicate mission and was performed

with skill and success. He returned through the wilderness and Indian

tribes and travelled 1800 miles on foot. Wonder how many public

functionaries we have now who would perform a similar journey for the

sake of their country--even if they should get their mileage, hot toddy,

roast beef and $8 per day. On his return he was put in command of a

Virginia regiment and joined Lee's division of the Continental army at

New York. This division covered the retreat of the main army and formed

a junction with it on the west bank of the Delaware. At the battle of

Trenton Col. Gibson served under the direct command of Washington. He

continued with him and participated in the battles, privations and

sufferings of that forlorn hope of American Freedom up to 1779 when the

term of his regiment expired. He was then put in command of the prison

station near York, Pennsylvania, where he continued to the close of the

war. In 1791 he commanded a regiment under Gen. St. Clair and acted a

most gallant part in the unsuccessful sanguinary battle of the 4th of

November of that year where his regiment was nearly annihilated and

himself mortally wounded. He lingered in great pain at Fort Jefferson

until the 11th of December following when death relieved him from his

sufferings. While living he was the delight of every circle in which he

moved--noble, generous, warm hearted, persevering, brave, prudent, just

and honest. His well earned fame is enduring as history.

GREENE CHRISTOPHER commenced his earthly career at Warwick, Rhode Island

in 1737. He received a good English education--became familiar with

mathematics--was partial to military tactics and became a member of the

"Kentish Guards" at an early age and was made their Lieutenant. In May

1775 he was commissioned a Major in the brigade under his kinsman Gen.

Nathaniel Greene. At the attack on Quebec he commanded a company in the

division of Gen. Montgomery and headed the party that entered the town

and was taken prisoner. Soon after he was exchanged he was put in

command of the regiment previously commanded by Gen. Varnum. In 1777

Washington placed Fort Mercer, at Red Bank on the Delaware, in his

charge with only 500 men. This was attacked soon after the battle of

Brandywine by Col. Donop on the Jersey side with 1200 men. The enemy

were repulsed with great slaughter--Col. Donop, Lieut. Col. Mingerode

and several other officers were killed and 400 of their soldiers killed

and wounded. At the same time the British fleet and a battery on the

Pennsylvania side opened a heavy fire on the contiguous Fort Mifflin,

then called Mud Fort, and succeeded in having their favorite ship

Augusta, of 64 guns, blown up with a part of her crew and the armed ship

Merlin burned--glory enough for one day. Col. Greene received the thanks

of Congress and was voted a splendid sword which was presented to his

son Job in 1786. In 1781 Col. Greene was posted in advance of the army

near Croton river above New York and had quartered his men in several

farm houses. On the night of the 13th of May of that year he was

suddenly attacked by a superior force of refugees _alias_ tories. They

broke into the room of the Colonel who despatched a number of them with

his sword but was eventually overpowered and cut up in the most horrid

manner. Maj. Flagg was also murdered with every soldier they could find.

No officer fell during the Revolution more deeply lamented--no one of

his grade better deserved the gratitude and esteem of his country.

GRAEFF GEORGE was born in Lancaster, Pa. in 1755. He was a brave captain

in the Continental army and did good service in the cause of

Independence. He acted a gallant part at the battle on Long Island in

1776. Subsequent to the war he filled several civil offices with credit

and usefulness. He was emphatically an honest man. He died at his native

town on the 13th of November 1823.

GRIFFIN CYRUS was one of the bold Virginians who early advocated the

glorious cause of Independence. He used every energy to rouse the people

to a sense of impending danger. He ably filled various public

stations--was a member of the Continental Congress and one of the

Presidents of that august assemblage of Sages. He lived in the esteem of

his country and associates until 1810 when he made his exit to the

spirit world.

GURNEY FRANCIS was first introduced on this whirling planet in Bucks

County, Pa. in 1738. His military genius became early developed. He

entered the service of mother Britain at the age of 18 and braved the

perils and hardships of the French war from its commencement to its

close. His reputation for bold enterprise and noble daring he carved

high in the temple of epic fame. At the capture of Cape Breton he acted

a conspicuous part. At the taking of Guadaloupe his bravery was a

subject of general remark. At the close of these arduous services he

commenced a successful career in the mercantile business in the city of

Philadelphia. There he was when the revolutionary storm loomed up. He

looked upon the conduct of mother England as basely ungrateful. He

snuffed the breeze of Liberty and struck for Freedom. His noblest

energies were roused to action. His large military experience and keen

perception enabled him to point out those who were best calculated to

make efficient officers. Mifflin, Cadwalader and others were first

recommended by him. His zeal and activity in the cause of suffering

humanity were above all praise. Believing he could render more service

out of the army than in it--he declined a commission until the 25th of

May 1775 when he took command of an infantry company of volunteers. The

next year he entered the regular service with the commission of

lieutenant-colonel in the 11th regiment of the Pennsylvania Line. He was

in the battle of Iron Hill, Brandywine and Germantown where he fully

sustained his reputation for daring bravery. The wire-working system of

promotions that was early introduced and injuriously pursued did not

comport with his fine sense of military usage which caused him to

resign. This did not abate his zeal in the cause--he continued to

advance the best interests of the patriots until he saw his country free

from bondage. After the Revolution he resumed his business at

Philadelphia--filled many municipal and legislative stations--commanded

a regiment in the army of 1794 which put down the whiskey

insurgents--became brigadier-general of militia--performed every duty

that devolved upon him in public and private life with ability and

fidelity--was in all respects a man who commanded the confidence and

esteem of all who made his acquaintance--adorned the Christian character

and slumbered in death at his country seat near Philadelphia on the 25th

of May 1815.

GWINN WILLIAM was born in Ireland in 1748. In 1772 he came to

Pennsylvania and from that time to the close of his life manifested a

deep interest for the welfare of his adopted country. During the

Revolution he served in the staff of Gen. Mifflin and was highly

esteemed for his faithful performance of every duty and his uniform zeal

in the cause of Independence. After the war he removed to Monkton Mills,

Baltimore County, Md. where he lived highly respected until the 1st of

October 1819 when he died deeply mourned by his numerous friends.

HALE NATHAN entered upon his eventful career of life at Coventry, Conn.

at what time we have no word. He was liberally educated--a young man of

great promise and entered the army at the commencement of the Revolution

in command of a company under Col. Knowlton. He was at the battle of

Long Island on the 27th of August 1776 and one of the 9000 who effected

a retreat during the night to the great chagrin of the British who were

encamped not over 600 yards from the Americans. Shortly after that

disastrous affair Washington employed Capt. Hale to enter the English

camp as a spy. Unfortunately he was detected and executed the next

morning by order of Sir William Howe under circumstances of fiendish

barbarity that left a black spot upon the escutcheon of that proud

officer that time or angel's tears can never expunge. He was denied a

clergyman and a bible and the letters that he wrote to his widowed

mother and relatives were destroyed. He died a brave and willing martyr

to the cause of Liberty and lamented with his last breath that he had

but one life to sacrifice for his country. How great the contrast

between the course our country has pursued in memory of this young hero

and that of England towards Andre. In point of talent and exalted

character, Hale was equal to him. The one was engaged as a simple

spy--the other was in league with a base traitor on a grand scale. The

one has no extended notice in our history--the other has been lauded to

the skies by the historians of both nations. Not a stone marks the

resting place of Capt. Hale--a splendid monument has been erected by

England sacred to the memory of Andre. The family of the one was

neglected by our government--that of the other pensioned in a princely

manner. The fact that our nation was then just bursting into life is the

only apology to be offered.

HAMILTON ALEXANDER was born on the Island of Nevis in 1757. His father

was an Englishman, his mother an American and brought him to New York in

1773 and placed him in Columbia college. His towering genius burst upon

the world like a blazing meteor in the darkness of night. At the age of

17 he grasped the mighty concerns that were then rocking England and

America in the cradle of fearful commotion. He then wrote several essays

upon the rights and wrongs of the two nations that were attributed to

Mr. Jay. College walls could not keep him from the field of glory. At

the age of 19 he commanded a company of artillery and was ever ready for

a little more grape when it could be used to advantage. He soon

attracted the attention of the penetrating Washington who appointed him

one of his aids in 1777 with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. A selection

was never more judiciously made--no commander could be better served.

From that period to the close of the war our country was benefited by

the combined wisdom and noblest efforts of two of the brightest

constellations of genius that have ever illuminated our world. In every

battle where Washington commanded Col. Hamilton was at his post

regardless of danger. When the two destructive redoubts were carried at

the siege of Yorktown facing a storm of iron hail he led the advanced

corps under La Fayette. Not a gun was fired--the charge was like a

rushing avalanche. The surrender of that garrison closed his

Revolutionary services. His manly brow was decked with epic laurels that

can never lose their amaranthine freshness whilst patriotic fire glows

or history endures.

In 1782 he was elected to Congress and shed fresh lustre on that august

body of sages. He grasped every subject with a gigantic mental power

that filled the more experienced members with astonishment and

admiration. He originated measures with a surprising facility and wisdom

that were truly beneficial. He was a member of the Convention that

framed the Federal Constitution. He was in favor of what he considered a

stronger government than the one formed--one that some would call

_ultra_ federal. At the final organization under the new Constitution he

was placed at the head of the Treasury Department. To the surprise and

joy of all concerned he raised the credit of the nation rapidly from the

lowest depths of depreciation to a lofty eminence of credit. At the end

of six years he resigned and resumed the practice of law in the city of

New York. When the provisional army was raised in 1798 in anticipation

of a war with France, he was placed next in command to Washington and

proved one of the most efficient disciplinarians that ever graced the

profession of arms. On the disbanding of this army he again resumed his

profession at the bar. In 1804 he was challenged by Col. Burr and

sacrificed his life on the barbarous field of false honor contrary to

his better judgment and finer feelings. He was mortally wounded on the

11th of July 1804 and died the next day. So opposed was he in principle

to duelling that he fired his pistol in the air. He died deeply

regretting the sad error, with full faith in the merits of his Saviour

to wash every stain from his noble soul and present him with a crown of

unfading glory. His sudden death and the manner his bright career was

terminated spread a mantle of gloom over our country and the civilized

world. His transcendent talents had attracted the admiring gaze of

Europe and America. He was in all respects a remarkable man. His flashes

of genius were like vivid lightning that startles--their force like

crushing thunderbolts that shiver every obstacle in their way. He

mastered everything in the course of his business by talismanic

intuition. He filled the orbit of every station he occupied--he

illuminated his pathway with a brilliancy that dazzled, he left a pillar

of living light on the bright pages of history that will reflect its

mellow rays on the horizon of LIBERTY through all time.

HAMILTON PAUL was one of the unflinching native patriots of South

Carolina who resolved on Liberty or death. He filled a large space in

the public mind and performed many public duties with ability and

fidelity. He was governor of his State--Secretary of the Navy under

President Madison and dignified every station he occupied. He bid

farewell to his friends, earth and its toils in 1816.

HATHAWAY BENONI was born in Now Jersey in 1754. He was among the first

who boldly struck for Liberty. He did not wait until the iron was hot

before he raised his hammer but heated it by continuous heavy blows. He

commanded a company of citizen rangers that became a terror to the

scouting and foraging parties of the enemy and frequently captured them

and the sentinels of their main camp in the darkness of night. When Gen.

Kniphausen was encamped at Elizabethtown with his Hessians his most

bewitching hours were often interrupted by this sleepless company. At

one of these attacks Capt. Hathaway was wounded in the head by a musket

ball and was unconscious for several hours but recovered and continued

his guerrilla warfare until the last loyal Briton made good his retreat

across the great heron pond. He was highly esteemed through life and

met death with Christian fortitude at Newark, N. J. on the 19th of April

1823.

HAWKINS NATHAN was first introduced to the human family in Rhode Island

in 1749. His patriotism grew with his growth and strengthened with his

strength. When a mere youth he was the delegate of South Kingston to

carry assistance to the citizens of Boston when reduced to distress by

the infamous Port Bill. The war-cry from the heights of Lexington broke

his slumbers at the hour of midnight--in less than twelve hours he was

leading a brave volunteer corps to the rescue. He served faithfully

during the whole period of the Revolution--acted a gallant part in

several battles and is fully entitled to a place upon the records of

enduring fame. When the war closed he located and closed his life at

Charlestown, Mass.--filled several civil offices--was highly esteemed by

his fellow citizens--sustained the noble reputation of an honest

man--died October 3d 1817.

HAWLEY JOSEPH entered upon his earthly pilgrimage in Northampton, Mass.

in 1724. He was one of the first who opposed the usurpations of the

crown officers and the patriot who wrote to John Adams just as the

Congress of 1774 closed and used the truly prophetic language--"AFTER

ALL WE MUST FIGHT." He was a man of strong intellect, great penetration

of mind, a close observer of men and things, an inflexible friend to the

cause of equal rights. In public meetings, in the legislature, in his

social intercourse--at all proper times and places--he sowed the seeds

of Liberty broadcast. When told the Colonies were too weak for

resistance he replied--"We must put to sea--Providence will bring us

into port." He was a lawyer of eminence and strongly opposed to

accepting public office although he served his State in the Legislature

several times. He exemplified the Christian religion by a life of

primitive piety but was an uncompromising foe to fanaticism, bigotry,

sectarianism and the dogmatical creeds of men. His charity spread its

broad mantle over the whole family of man. He held the commission of

major of militia but owing to his frequent and sudden attacks of illness

he did not serve in the tented field. He enjoyed the esteem and

confidence of every friend of freedom and passed peacefully from earth

on the 10th of March 1786.

HAYNE ISAAC--[see the Biography of John Penn in Part I.] I can find no

record of his birth.

HEATH WILLIAM was born in Roxbury, Mass, in 1737. He left his plough in

the furrow the moment the war-cry reached him and hastened to the field

of epic glory. He was constitutionally a military man. Congress

conferred upon him the commission of brigadier-general in 1775. The next

year Congress raised him to the rank of major-general. He commanded a

division at the battle of King's Bridge in 1776 and next year was placed

over the Eastern Department with his headquarters at Boston and filled

that arduous station until November 1778. Burgoyne and his army were

under his charge as prisoners of war and at first gave him much trouble.

The haughty British general and his officers supposed General Heath a

novice in the rules of military etiquette and put on airs that induced

insubordination among the English soldiers. In this they were mistaken.

Gen. Heath had been a close military student from his boyhood. He had

nothing new to learn from these high dignitaries but an insolent

assumption of importance that he soon cured and reduced them to their

proper level. With the humanity of a philanthropist and the polish of an

old school gentleman he united the firmness of a Roman, the courage of a

hero and the dignity of a nobleman.

In the summer of 1780 he was master of ceremonies at Rhode Island on the

reception of the French fleet under the command of Admiral de Ternay

with the troops that were sent to aid in sustaining our Independence. A

mutual pleasure was experienced on that occasion which matured into

lasting friendship. In 1781 Gen. H. was successfully employed at the

east in raising supplies for the army. When Gen. Washington repaired to

Yorktown Gen. Heath was left in command of the northern and eastern

branches of the army that remained to sustain the garrisons upon the

Hudson and Atlantic. At all times and under all circumstances he

acquitted himself nobly and received a letter of sincere thanks from

Washington at the close of the war for his zeal and promptness in the

performance of the long and arduous services that had devolved upon him.

After the war closed he filled various legislative and judicial stations

with dignity and ability. He was elected lieutenant-governor in 1806 but

refused to serve. He had earned a lasting fame--was beloved by his

countrymen at large and glided down the stream of time peacefully until

the 24th of January 1814 when his spirit returned to its original happy

home.

HESTON EDWARD was ushered into Hestonville, county of Philadelphia,

Pennsylvania in 1745. He was one of the brave farmers who exchanged the

plough for the sword. He entered the army as Captain and rose to the

rank of Lieut. Colonel. By his vigilance in watching Lord Cornwallis

when in Philadelphia he saved the brigade of Gen. Potter from being

captured. The day previous to the battle of Germantown, with a few bold

spirits he faced a heavy fire and succeeded in cutting the rope at the

middle ferry to prevent the communication of the enemy with

Philadelphia. In a skirmish with a party of British he received a severe

sword cut on the back of his head, was taken prisoner and sent to Long

Island where he was detained for seven months. After the Revolution

closed he was an active member of the legislature of his native state

and was esteemed through life for benevolence, charity, patriotism and

rigid honesty. He died at his residence in Hestonville on the 14th day

of March 1824.

HOLDEN LEVI was born in New Jersey in 1754. He entered the Continental

army as Captain in 1776 and served faithfully until mother Britain

relinquished her maternal care over the Colonies and left her froward

child to act its own will and pleasure--a prudent course for the old

lady and a fair business transaction. For three years Capt. Holden was

attached to Washington's life guard and was highly esteemed by him.

After the war he located at Newark, New Jersey where he enjoyed the

esteem of the community for 30 years and descended to the tomb on the

19th day of April 1823, ripe in years and rich with honors.

HOUSTON JOHN was one of the nucleus of patriots who put the

Revolutionary ball in motion at the Liberty Pole meeting in Georgia.

Himself and Mr. Bullock were among the few who dared express their

opinions at that meeting. Before it adjourned the fire of patriotism was

kindled in so many bosoms that royal power trembled at the probable

result. Mr. Houston was a member of the Continental Congress in 1775 and

performed his duty nobly. He was subsequently a judge of the Supreme

Court and governor of his state. He was a man of fine talents, great

energy, sterling integrity and devoted patriotism. He enjoyed the full

fruition of the love of his country and friends until 1796 when he

passed peacefully from time to eternity.

HOWARD JOHN EAGER commenced infancy in Baltimore Md. in 1752. He

resolved on Liberty or death at the commencement of that long and

doubtful struggle that resulted in FREEDOM to America. He was among

those who dared snatch the laurels from the proud sons of mother Britain

and place them upon their own manly brows. He entered the army with the

commission of Captain and was raised to the rank of Lieut. Colonel in

1779. He was one of the bravest of the brave. At the victory of Cowpens

he held the swords of seven British officers at one time who had

surrendered personally to him. His skill and bravery were exhibited at

the battles of Germantown, White Plains, Monmouth, Camden and Hobbick's

Hill. So highly were his services appreciated by Gen. Greene that he

used this strong language--"As a patriot and soldier Col. Howard

deserves a statue of gold no less than the Roman and Grecian Heroes."

This short sentence is the crowning capital of the climax of eulogy. At

the close of the Revolution Col. Howard returned to his large real

estate in the city of Baltimore. Subsequent to the formation of the

Federal government he was a member of the United States Senate and

Governor of Maryland. No man was more beloved by his fellow citizens--no

one better deserved their esteem. He died at his residence in 1827.

HUMPHREY DAVID commenced his career of life in Derby, Conn. on the--of

July 1752. He was a graduate of Yale college and frequently danced

attendance to the muses. He was a staunch friend of his country and

entered the army a Captain. In 1778 he was aid to Gen. Putnam and in

turn aid to Parsons, Greene and in 1780 became an aid to Gen. Washington

with the rank of Lieut. Colonel with whom he remained until Lord

Cornwallis fired his last gun at Yorktown. On all occasions Col.

Humphrey acted a brave and noble part. His chivalrous conduct at the

siege of Yorktown induced Congress to vote him an elegant sword. In 1784

he was the secretary of Mr. Jefferson then minister to France. In 1786

he retired to his native place and was elected to the legislature. In

1788 he was placed in command of a regiment raised for the western

service. In 1790 he was appointed ambassador to the Court of Portugal

and in 1797 minister plenipotentiary to the Court of Madrid. On his

return from Spain he introduced the Merino sheep into the United States

and deserves great credit for his successful exertions in the

improvement of wool and its manufacture. In all the multiform duties of

his active life Col. Humphrey had the full approbation of his country.

In private life he exemplified the virtues that make a good citizen. He

closed his useful career at New Haven Connecticut on the 21st of

February 1818.

HUNTINGTON JEDEDIAH was born in Norwich, Connecticut in 1743. He was a

graduate of Harvard College, an enterprising merchant and a whig of the

first water. He led his regiment to the head quarters of the army at

Cambridge early in 1775. His activity, zeal, courage and efficiency in

the field gained the admiration of Washington who procured his

advancement to the rank of Brigadier General. He rendered his best

services to promote the glorious cause of Independence and remained in

the field during the whole period of the war. He subsequently filled

various civil offices. He was appointed Collector of the Port of New

London by Washington and performed his duties faithfully during four

consecutive administrations. He enjoyed the profound respect of the very

intelligent citizens of New London until the 25th of September 1818 when

he took his departure to the spirit world.

IRVINE ANDREW was a native of Ireland, brother to Gen. William Irvine

spoken of more at length in Part I. Dr. Matthew Irvine of Charleston,

South Carolina was a third brother and served in the Continental army.

Andrew entered the regiment of his brother William as Lieutenant and was

engaged in the Canada service under Gen. Wayne. He was in every action

with that General up to the massacre of Paoli where he received

seventeen bayonet wounds and miraculous as it was, recovered and was

actively engaged in the northern and southern campaigns. No officer of

his rank did more service--no one could do it in a more heroic manner.

After the war he lived in the esteem of the citizens of Carlisle, Pa.

where he died on the 4th of May 1789.

IRWIN JARED was born in Mecklinburg, North Carolina in 1751. At the age

of seven years he became a resident of Georgia. At the commencement of

the Revolution he was a pioneer in one of the frontier settlements

adjacent to the Indian tribes where he became the leader of his

neighbors in keeping the red men at bay and teaching the tories salutary

lessons. In that department he rendered himself eminently useful during

the war. He was a member of the first legislature of Georgia under the

new government which convened at Savannah in 1784. From that time

forward he became emphatically a leading public man. He was long a

member of the Georgia Senate and for many years its president. He was

repeatedly Governor of the state. He filled every station in a manner

that gained the unqualified approbation of his constituents. His public

life was adorned by those private virtues that are indispensable to

render a man truly great. He died at Union, Washington County, Georgia,

on the 1st of March 1818.

JACKSON ANDREW commenced his brilliant life in the Waxhaw settlement, S.

C. in 1767. He was constitutionally a patriot, soldier and statesman. He

enlisted in the Continental army at the age of 14 and performed feats of

noble courage that would have honored manhood. When fighting bravely for

his country he was wounded and taken prisoner. After much suffering he

was exchanged and at the close of the war prosecuted his studies and

became a respectable member of the Bar. He commanded a successful

expedition against the southern Indians--in 1820 was the commissioner to

receive the Floridas from Spain--was made governor of that territory and

performed many public duties with great energy. He was a major-general

during the last war with mother Britain. His defence of New Orleans

against the veteran army of Gen. Packenham has no parallel in modern

warfare. In 1828 Gen. Jackson was elected President of the United States

and served two terms. He was emphatically a man of the people. In point

of physical and moral courage he had no superior. He was stern in his

integrity, honest in his purposes, unbending in his resolves--determined

in his course of action. When time shall absorb the bitterness of party

spirit that his bold administration created--the historian will trace

the fair lines of the career of Andrew Jackson and present a picture to

after generations that will command their profound admiration. He lived

a patriot--he died a Christian in 1845.

[Illustration: {Andrew Jackson portrait and signature} ENGRAVED BY

T.B. WELCH FROM A DRAWING BY J.B. LONGACRE.]

JACKSON JAMES first inhaled the atmosphere at Moreton Homstead in the

County of Devon, England, on the 21st of September 1757. His father was

a strong whig and brought him to Georgia in 1772 and left him with his

friend John Wereat, Esquire. James Jackson did not fancy hereditary

monarchy or purse-proud aristocracy. His very nature was republican. At

the dawn of the Revolution he was ready to peril his life in the cause

of equal rights. The war cry that came rushing on mighty wind from the

blood stained heights of Lexington he hailed as the day-spring of

FREEDOM--the morning star of LIBERTY. At the age of 18 he was a

volunteer in the party of bold spirits that made a descent on Savannah.

At the attack on Tybee his dauntless courage attracted the attention of

Archibald Bullock who was the acting head of the patriots. In a short

time Jackson was in command of a volunteer company of light infantry. In

1778 he rose to the rank of brigade-major of the Georgia militia. At the

storming of Savannah his gallantry could not be excelled. He was in the

battle of Blackstocks on the 20th of August 1780. After Tarleton had

retreated Major Jackson was put on his track and brought back 30 horses.

At the battle of Cowpens the Major received the thanks of Gen. Morgan on

the battle field. When in service under Gen. Pickens his noble daring

was particularly noticed in the reports of that officer. About this time

he was made a Colonel with the privilege of raising his own regiment,

which he quickly accomplished. He commanded at the capture of the

British fort at Ogechee, the post at Butler's White house and seemed to

court danger whenever an opportunity presented. In his victory over Col.

Brown on the 21st of May 1782, Gen. Wayne awarded great praise to Col.

Jackson. On the 12th of July of that year the British surrendered

Savannah and by arrangement delivered the keys to this brave Colonel who

continued to command it until the close of the war. He then commenced a

successful practice of law and stood on a lofty eminence of merit. He

was hailed as one who had contributed largely towards achieving the

Liberty all then enjoyed. He was raised to the office of major-general

of militia--was a member of the legislature--quorum of the state and a

member of the U. S. Senate. He was found equal to every station he was

called to fill. He died at Washington city while at his post in the

Senate on the 19th of January 1806.

JAMES JOHN was born in Ireland in 1732. His father and several of his

neighbors came to Virginia in 1783 and settled at Williamsburg which

name they gave to the place in honor of King William. They had all

imbibed an unconquerable dislike towards England. At the commencement of

the Revolution all their descendants were prepared to oppose her unjust

pretensions. No one amongst them was a more determined opponent than

John James. Familiar with border warfare he was prepared to act

efficiently. He had long been a captain of militia under the crown and

at once resigned his commission. His company all declared for Liberty

and retained him in command. In 1776 he left his plough and marched his

men to the defence of Charleston where he remained for some time. He was

soon promoted to the rank of major and became one of the most active

officers in service. He was with Gen. Moultrie when he was closely

pressed by Gen. Provost. At the skirmish at Tulifinny he commanded the

rifle corps. He acted a brave part at the battle of Eotaw. His riflemen

expended 24 rounds of cartridges on the enemy and rarely wasted any

ammunition. He was the original nucleus of Marion's brigade. He

performed many bold exploits--had numerous hair-breadth escapes. At one

time he was alone and attacked by two British dragoons who were in

advance of their comrades. As they drew their sabres to cut him down he

brought them to a sudden halt by drawing an empty pistol and then leaped

over a chasm a little too broad for Tarleton's sportsmen. Just previous

to the close of the war he returned to his rusty plough and lived in the

high esteem of a grateful country and his numerous acquaintances until

1791 when he closed his useful career in death. He was a member of the

Virginia legislature and filled several civil offices with credit and

fidelity.

JASPER WILLIAM was a brave sergeant in the division of Gen. Moultrie.

For personal bravery and shrewdness he had few equals. In the heat of

the attack upon Fort Moultrie the flag staff was shot off by a cannon

ball. The banner fell outside of the works. Amidst a storm of iron hail

Jasper leaped from one of the embrasures, recovered the flag, mounted it

on his spontoon staff and unfurled it to the breeze. He was promoted to

the highest rank he would accept--a roving commission and the privilege

of selecting his companions to aid him in his bold and romantic

enterprises. He often brought in prisoners before Gen. Moultrie was

aware of his absence. On one occasion several prisoners were ironed and

put under a guard of eight soldiers with a corporal and sergeant and

started for Savannah with a fair prospect of the hemp. One was a Mr.

Jones whose young wife was in great agony on his account and followed

him with their only child--a lovely boy five years of age. Jasper and

his kindred spirit Sergeant Newton, resolved on their rescue. Within two

miles of Savannah in a copse of wood is a spring of excellent water

about six rods from the road. There Jasper and Newton lay in ambush.

When the party arrived eight of them laid down their guns in the road

and went to the fountain to drink, leaving two to guard their prisoners.

The next moment the two on guard slumbered in death--the rest of the

British party were all made prisoners--the Americans released and the

whole arrived at the American camp the next morning at Perrysburg. The

distressed wife had no intimation of the heroic adventure until the

crack of the two guns from Jasper and Newton. The next moment she

clasped her fond husband to her convulsed bosom. Her joy may be faintly

imagined--not described. Gov. Rutledge presented Jasper with an elegant

sword for his noble daring at Fort Moultrie. Soon after the brave

defence of Fort Moultrie Mrs. Elliott presented a splendid stand of

colors to Col. Moultrie's regiment that composed the force in that

action. At the storming of Savannah two officers fell in an attempt to

plant these colors upon a redoubt of the enemy. When a retreat was

ordered Jasper was mortally wounded while in the act of rescuing this

standard from the enemy. After the retreat Maj. Horry called to see him

and was made the bearer of the following message. "I have got my

furlough. That sword was presented to me by Governor Rutledge for my

services in defence of Fort Moultrie. Give it to my father and tell him

I wore it in honor. If the old man should weep tell him his son died in

hope of a better life. Tell Mrs. Elliott I lost my life in supporting

the colors she presented to our regiment. Should you ever see Jones,

wife and son--tell them Jasper is gone but the remembrance of that

battle which he fought for them brought a secret joy in my heart when it

was about to stop its motion for ever." In a few moments after he closed

this message his noble soul soared to heaven.

JAY JOHN was born in the city of New York in 1745. He was one of the

noble sages who dared to be free. He took an early and decided stand in

favor of Liberty. He was of great service in rousing the people to a

sense of their true interests. He was elected to Congress and took his

seat in that body the latter part of 1776 and presided in the

presidential chair for some time. In 1778 he was minister to Spain--in

1782 he was one of the commissioners to negotiate a treaty with Great

Britain. In 1795 he was elected governor of the Empire State. He was an

able public officer--a valuable private citizen. His soul joined its

kindred in the spirit world in 1829.

JOHNSON FRANCIS was born in Pennsylvania in 1749. At the commencement of

a conflict with mother Britain he was enjoying a lucrative practice at

the bar. He well understood the merits of the high contending parties

and enlisted under the banner of FREEDOM. He commenced his military

career with Gen. Wayne with the commission of lieutenant-colonel in the

first regiment raised by that brave officer. He shared with him all the

fatigues and glory of the numerous expeditions and battles in which he

was engaged up to the time Gen. Wayne went south. He succeeded him in

the command of the 5th Pennsylvania regiment. His services were ably and

zealously rendered and highly appreciated. He ventured his life and

spent his fortune for Liberty. After the close of the Revolution he was

elected sheriff of the city and county of Philadelphia as a tribute of

merit awarded by both political parties. No man could be more generally

beloved--no one better deserved it. He died in Philadelphia on the 22d

of February 1815.

JOHNSON SAMUEL was one of the most talented and ardent patriots of the

chivalric south. From the dawn of the Revolution he boldly espoused the

cause of equal rights. He was a member of Congress and after the

adoption of the Federal Constitution he was made a United States

Senator. He was a judge of the Supreme Court of North Carolina and

governor of that State. He discharged the duties of public and private

life with energy, ability and scrupulous fidelity. His career of life

was closed in 1806.

JOHNSON WILLIAM SAMUEL was a native of Connecticut and a zealous friend

of the cause of Independence. He was a man of strong native talents

improved by a sound education. He exercised a salutary influence over

his constituents and served them faithfully in various public

capacities. He was a member of the old Congress--a delegate to the

Convention that framed the Federal Constitution and the first United

States Senator from his native State. He lived in the esteem of his

numerous friends until 1819 when his lamp of life went out.

JONES JOHN PAUL commenced his remarkable life in the district of

Galloway, Scotland, in 1747. His original name was John Paul and Jones

was added when he came to America in 1775. He had been a mariner from

the age of 15 and was master of his profession. He left England in

disgust in consequence of improper treatment by the authorities relative

to his quelling a mutiny on board his ship, in doing which he was

compelled to kill the ringleader, for which he was tried and acquitted

and was threatened with a second trial. In the expedition of Com.

Hopkins against New Providence he was a lieutenant and exhibited a

dauntless spirit that at once placed him on the list of the brave. On

his return he was placed in command of a sloop with 12 guns. In a short

time he captured a British vessel with 18 guns. He then cruised boldly

along the coast of Scotland--made several landings and a few

contributions and proceeded to the Irish coast where he found the

English armed vessel Drake in the harbor of Waterford--gave her a

challenge--she entered the list of combat--was quickly flogged and

hastened back to her old moorings crippled and her commander mortified.

In the summer of 1779 he was put in command of the Bon Homme Richard of

40 guns and 415 men with some small craft. After visiting France he

sailed from there on the 14th of August of that year--took several

vessels of war and merchantmen and proceeded in search of the Baltic

fleet which he discovered on the 22d of September at 2 P. M. off

Flamborough Head under convoy of a frigate and sloop of war. He at once

prepared for action. Just as the moon was rising, at quarter before 8 P.

M. one of the most desperate naval actions commenced that can be found

recorded on the pages of history. When the two larger ships came within

pistol shot the British frigate opened the ball with a brisk fire from

her upper and quarter deck. Jones returned the compliment with the grace

of a naval hero. At the onset three of his six 18 pound guns burst and

killed those around them. He ordered the other three not to be used.

This accident induced him to grapple with the frigate and come to close

quarters which he accomplished so completely that the muzzles of the

guns of each were in contact. The rage of battle then commenced with all

the desperation of gladiators. The Englishman had nailed his flag to the

mast--Jones never surrendered. His ship was the most crippled--more of

his guns silenced than on the frigate. This preponderance of metal was

soon changed by a brave tar advancing over the frigate on the main yard

of the American ship with a basket of hand grenades and lighted match.

He dropped these messengers of death among the enemy and through the

scuttles--killing many and setting the cartridges on fire in every

direction. The fight raged on--the frigate was several times on

fire--the Bon Homme Richard was leaking from shots between wind and

water--all her guns silenced but four and not until both ships took fire

was the fury of the conflict relinquished for a moment. When the flames

were extinguished the carnage was renewed. Jones had taken over 100

prisoners and put them to the pumps under the direction of Lieut. Dale

who was severely wounded. The English flag was at last torn down by the

captain of the frigate which proved to be the Serapis mounting 50

carriage guns commanded by Capt. Pearson. All hands were removed on

board the prize and at 10 the next morning the Bon Homme Richard went to

the bottom. Capt. Pearson had 137 men killed and 76 wounded. Capt. Jones

had 165 killed, 137 wounded. It is supposed many of his men were killed

and wounded by one of his own vessels that fired into him some time by

mistake at pistol shot. At the commencement of the action he received

the fire of both British vessels until he closed with the frigate. The

next morning the Pallas, Capt. Cotineau, attacked the British sloop of

war and after a severe battle of over two hours compelled her to

surrender. She was the Countess of Scarborough. Capt. Jones then

proceeded home with his prizes and prisoners and was hailed with an

enthusiasm that none but freemen so ardently feel and so strongly

express. On the 14th of April 1781 Congress passed a strong resolution

expressive of their high appreciation of his valuable services. A more

skilful, daring and resolute man never commanded a ship.

After the termination of the Revolution he visited Russia and held a

naval commission for a time under the Empress Catharine. From there he

went to Paris in France where he died in 1792.[A]

[A] Com. Jones's remains are expected here shortly on board the Frigate

St. Lawrence.

KENNARD NATHANIEL was born in Massachusetts in 1755. He was a volunteer

in one of the first regiments raised in Massachusetts. In that he served

one year and then entered on board a private armed vessel--was taken

prisoner--taken to England and confined in Mill Prison for 27 months

with a standing threat he should be hanged. He was finally sent to

France and shipped on the Bon Homme Richard and was in the action

described in the preceding article. He was put on board one of the

prizes and ordered for France--was again taken prisoner--put on board

the British frigate Unicorn and compelled to do duty until he found an

opportunity to escape on the Island of Jamaica and reached home just

before the close of the Revolution. During the war of 1812 he commanded

a Revenue Cutter. From that period he was Inspector of Customs at

Portsmouth N. H. up to the time of his death which occurred on the 24th

of June 1823.

KING RUFUS commenced his life career in New York in 1755. In his youth

he was an ardent friend to the cause of FREEDOM and a patriot in action.

He was a member of Congress when convened at Trenton New Jersey in 1784.

He was a very efficient member of the Convention in 1787 that formed the

Federal Constitution and was soon after elected to the United States

Senate. From 1796 to 1803 he was minister at the Court of St. James. In

1813 he was elected a United States Senator and was minister to England

during the administration of John Quincy Adams. All his public and

private duties were performed with a single eye to the glory of his

country, the good of the human family and the preservation of our

glorious UNION. He bid farewell to earth, its toys, toils, griefs and

joys in April 1827.

KIRKWOOD ROBERT was a native of Newcastle county, Delaware. When the

oppression of mother Britain became so intolerable that forbearance was

no longer a virtue, Robert Kirkwood exchanged the implements of

agriculture for the sword and entered the Delaware regiment under Col.

Hazlet with the commission of Lieutenant. He was in thirty-two battles

during the war and received the highest praise from every general

officer under whom he served. At the battle of Camden fought by Gen.

Gates, the Delaware regiment was reduced to 195 men who were formed into

a company under the command of Capt. Kirkwood. A particular history of

his bold exploits would fill a respectable volume. At the close of the

war he was brevet Major. He was a universal favorite and richly deserved

to be so. He fell fighting under Gen. St. Clair on the 4th of November

1791.

KNOWLTON THOMAS was a native of Ashford Connecticut and one of the first

brave spirits that entered the field and among the first martyrs in the

cause of FREEDOM. He commanded a regiment at the battle of Long Island

in August 1776 which formed the van of the American army. In September

following he came in contact with Gen. Leslie with a superior force and

fell while gallantly leading his men to the charge. The command then

devolved on Major Leitch of Virginia who was severely wounded but drove

the enemy from the field. Col. Knowlton was an officer of great promise,

an esteemed citizen--an honest man.

KNOX HENRY was born in Boston, Mass. on the 25th of July 1750. He was

created a freeman and nobly fulfilled the design of his creation. In

early life he became familiar with the engineer department, of military

tactics. He was among the first Major Generals appointed by Congress and

directed the ordnance operations during the whole period of the

Revolution. The practised veterans of mother Britain were often

compelled to admit that he had no superior in the management of

artillery. His skill was effectually illustrated on every battle field

where he was present. The victory at Monmouth over superior numbers was

attributed by the enemy to the artillery of Gen. Knox. Washington

referred to the fact in his report to Congress. From the commencement of

his useful military career at Cambridge to its brilliant close at

Yorktown, this brave and accomplished General stood on a lofty eminence

of fame, admired and beloved by the commander-in-chief, by the whole

army, by Congress and by our nation. He succeeded Gen. Lincoln in the

War Department after the close of the Revolution and was the first

Secretary of War under the Federal Constitution. On retiring from public

life he settled at Thomastown, Maine, where his death was occasioned by

a chicken bone lodging in his throat on the 25th of October 1806. In the

private walks of life he exemplified those virtues most prominently that

best adorn the man and assimilate him to his Creator.

KOSCIUSZCO THADDEUS commenced his noble existence in 1746 in the

palatinate of Brescia, Lithuania, once an independent grand duchy

containing 60,000 square miles which was united to Poland in 1569 and

now forms the Russian provinces of Wilna, Grodno and Minsk. When reading

the classics in his youth this noble patriot became enraptured with the

vision of a Republic. He completed his education by a military course

that he might be better prepared to battle for Liberty. When the story

of the American Revolution reached him he at once resolved to enroll his

name with those who dared to make an effort to be free. On his arrival,

Washington appointed him a Colonel of engineers and one of his aids.

His undaunted bravery on all occasions, his patriotic zeal, his amiable

disposition, his purity of life, his noble bearing--all combined to

endear him to the army and to every friend of freedom. He returned to

his native land at the close of the Revolution and left his name carved

high on the temple of our Liberty. Having aided in achieving the

Independence we now enjoy, he saw his long nursed vision of a Republic

reduced to a happy reality. His own countrymen were groaning under a

bondage more servile than that which had oppressed the Americans. He

longed to see them free. A few noble spirits were prepared to strike for

Liberty. The time arrived for action. Kosciuszco was made

Commander-in-chief in 1789. Five years passed in preparation. In 1794

his army was attacked at Raslavice by the Russian General Denisoff who

was defeated with great slaughter. For six mouths he kept at bay the

combined forces of Russia and Prussia. On the 4th of October of that

year, the officer who commanded the advance position of the Polish army

proved a traitor and permitted the enemy to occupy it without

opposition. This effected the ruin of the liberating army--Kosciuszco

fell covered with wounds and was incarcerated in a dungeon at St.

Petersburg until Alexander was crowned who at once restored him to

freedom. He then visited the United States and landed at Philadelphia

where he was made a welcome guest. He subsequently spent some time in

France. From thence he went to Solence in Switzerland where he died on

the 16th of October 1817.

LACY JOHN was born in Bucks County, Pa. on the 4th of February 1755. His

paternal ancestor came from the Isle of Wight under the auspices of

William Penn. John's ancestor and all his descendants belonged to the

Society of Friends. The love of Freedom predominated over the anti-war

creed of John and he made up his mind to obtain it, peaceably if he

could--forcibly if he must. He took the commission of captain from

Congress on the 6th of January 1776 and was at once thrown over the

fence by his Quaker brethren. He left his home, his society and his mill

to do battle for his country. He served under Gen. Wayne in Canada and

performed the hazardous duty of carrying an express from Gen. Sullivan

to Arnold when before Quebec. On his return the next year he resigned in

consequence of a difficulty with Gen. Wayne. He was then appointed by

the legislature of Pennsylvania to organize the militia in Bucks County.

He was soon elected colonel. He was now in the midst of tories and

Quakers who were acting in concert with the enemy and threatened him

with personal vengeance. These threats he disregarded as the idle wind.

He brought his regiment into the field and performed feats of valor that

at once raised him to a high standard on the list of heroes. His conduct

was particularly noticed by Washington and he was honored with the

commission of brigadier-general on the 9th of January 1778 and ordered

to relieve Gen. Potter. He was then but 22 years of age. Probably

influenced by his refugee neighbors--the British in Philadelphia

determined on taking him dead or alive. His duties were onerous, his

watchfulness untiring. On the 1st of the ensuing May he was stationed at

what is now Hatborough with less than 500 men, mostly raw militia. Owing

to the negligence of the officer of his picket guard his little camp was

surrounded just at the dawn of morning by about 800 British infantry,

rangers and cavalry. He formed his men quickly and cut his way through

with such impetuosity that he threw the enemy into confusion and escaped

with the loss of only 26 killed with a few wounded and prisoners who

were treated with a barbarity that casts savage warfare so far in the

shade that their most cruel tortures would appear as refulgent sun light

in comparison. This bold manoeuvre of Gen. Lacy and his brave Spartans

was a matter of applause throughout the country. He was constantly

employed by Gen. Washington on hazardous enterprises and in every

instance received his unqualified approbation. After the evacuation of

Philadelphia Gen. Lacy was made a member of the legislature and served

three consecutive sessions. In 1781 he closed his military career and

like a good citizen, married an amiable daughter of Col. Reynolds of New

Jersey and commenced a successful career of domestic felicity. He filled

various civil offices, lived in the esteem of every patriot (not of all

his Quaker relatives) and died at the village of New Mills, Burlington

County, N. J. on the 17th of February 1814.

LAURENS HENRY was ushered into the world at Charleston, S. C. in 1724.

He was one of the first in his state to put the revolutionary ball in

motion. He was President of the Provincial Congress of South Carolina

that convened in June 1775. He prepared articles of association that

demonstrated how clearly he perceived--how strongly he felt the

oppressions of mother Britain. In November 1777 he succeeded John

Hancock in the Presidential chair of the Continental Congress. In 1780

he was commissioned to proceed to Holland to negotiate a loan and form a

treaty with the United Netherlands. On his passage he was captured by a

British war vessel and on the 6th of October was committed to the tower

in London under the charge of high treason. He was there confined for 14

months and treated with the proverbial cruelty that has left a dark

stain upon the names of the British ministers then in power, that if

they were linen the concentrated powers of a thousand suns could not

efface it in a million of years. Many stratagems were devised to obtain

from him concessions and promises that would lessen his sufferings and

apparent danger but which did not honor his country. They were spurned

with an indignity that none but FREEMEN can so burningly exhibit. When

his son was sent to the court of France the father was requested to

write and request him to desist from his mission or the life of his

parent would be taken. He promptly refused and replied--"My son is of

age and has a will of his own. I know him to be a man of honor. He loves

me dearly and would lay down his life to save mine but I am sure he

would not sacrifice his honor to save my life and I applaud him for it."

The indignation of the Americans and many in the mother country was

roused against those who held Mr. Laurens in bondage. The authorities

found themselves in a tight place. They dare not try and condemn him as

a rebel. For this a swift retribution awaited them. Burgoyne and many

other high functionaries were prisoners of war. The old patriot could

not be moved from the position of a freemen. He correctly considered

himself only a prisoner of war--his own countrymen and other nations

were of the same opinion. After much ado about a plain simple matter the

king's counsellors had him bound, with Messrs. Oswald and Anderson as

sureties, to appear at the Easter term for trial after being compelled

to strike from the recognizance the words "our sovereign lord the king."

Before leaving he was entirely released and requested by Lord Shelburne

to hasten home to assist in consummating a peace. Before leaving he

received a commission from Congress to repair to Paris and act in

conjunction with Messrs. Franklin, Adams and Jay and had the proud

satisfaction of signing the preliminaries of peace on the 30th of

November 1782. His cruel deprivations during his imprisonment laid the

foundation of disease which terminated his life near Charleston, S. C.

on the 8th of December 1792. His name is enrolled with the patriotic,

the virtuous and the good.

LAURENS JOHN was the noble son of Henry before alluded to. He was one of

the bravest of the brave. He entered the army in 1777 with the rank of

lieutenant-colonel and was a member of the military family of

Washington. At Germantown he was severely wounded in an attempt to

dislodge the enemy from Chew's house. He gained laurels at Rhode Island,

Monmouth, Savannah, Charleston and at several other points of desperate

conflict. He was among the first to enter the lines at Yorktown. He

courted danger ardently--his courage was impetuous--he knew no fear. Dr.

Ramsay said of him--"A dauntless bravery was the least of his virtues

and an excess of it his greatest foible." His love for Washington knew

no bounds. He challenged Gen. Charles Lee for speaking disrespectfully

of the father of our country and marked him for life. He was asked how

young Laurens behaved and replied--"I could have hugged the noble boy he

pleased me so." His mission to France in 1781 to effect a loan was

successful. His private virtues were as bright as his public career was

brilliant. He was a high-minded, honorable, accomplished gentleman. At a

trifling skirmish after the war was virtually closed this noble young

man was killed in 1782.