Alias Hewa, or Hevh, is situate in the hundred of Powdre, and hath
upon the north and east, St. Mewan and Mevagissey; south, Geran; west,
Cuby, and St. Michael Caryhayes.
At the time of the Norman Conquest, this district was taxed under the
jurisdiction of Goran, Caryhayes; or is rather that Nantvat mentioned
in Cornwall in the Domesday Book, 1087, which signifies in Cornish at
the side of the valley, near some high lands, as perhaps this church
is situate.
In the Inquisition of the Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester, 1294,
into the value of Cornish benefices, Ecclesia de Sancti Ewe in
Decanatu de Powdre, was valued viii_l._ In Wolsey’s Inquisition, 1521,
by the name of Ewa, 21_l._ The patronage formerly, I take it, in the
Prior of Tywardreth; now in St. Aubyn, Tredinham, et aliis. The
Incumbent, May or Pineck; and the parish rated to the 4_s._ per pound
Land Tax for one year, 1696, 279_l._ 16_s._ But, when all that is
said or done in this matter, St. Tue may be a corruption of St. Hugh,
the tutelar guardian and patron of this church’s name; who, in all
probability, was either St. Hugh, the twenty-sixth Bishop of Lincoln,
1186, who died 1203, or St. Hugh who was also born and lived at
Lincoln, as Copgrave out of Matthew Paris informs us; who was stolen
from his parents at nine years old by the barbarous and bloody Jews
(first brought and tolerated in England by William the Conqueror),
who, in derision of Christ and Christianity, in a private place, was
by them inhumanly crucified, the 7th of July, 1255. Nevertheless, this
fact was not so secretly performed but that at length it came to the
magistrates’ ears, who thereupon apprehended the malefactors, and so
ordered their indictment that severe justice was done upon all those
offenders, that could be discovered to have had a hand in shedding the
blood of this innocent youth. But, alas! this punishment of part of
them did neither fully content or satisfy the prince or people at that
time; for soon after King Henry the Third, by proclamation, set out
all Jews in his dominions at a certain rent to such as would poll and
rifle them, and amongst others to his brother Richard King of the
Romans; who, after he had plundered their estates, committed their
bodies as his slaves, to labour in his tin-mines of Cornwall; the
memory of whose workings is still preserved in the names of several
tin-works, called Towle Sarasin, and corruptly Attall Saracen, i. e.
the refuse or outcast of the Saracens; that is to say, of those Jews
descended from Sarah and Abraham. Other works were called Whele
Etherson, the Jews’ Works, or Unbelievers’ Works, in Cornish.
But, alas! this matter did not rest here; for King Edward the First,
out of an abhorrence of them for the aforesaid crime, and for that
they were accused of clipping and corrupting the sterling money of the
kingdom, caused two hundred and ninety-seven of them to be executed on
the gallows, and the remainder of them by public proclamation banished
out of this land, and all their goods and chattels confiscated to his
use, after they had been in England two-hundred and twenty-three
years. Lastly, Copgrave further assures us, who lived tempore Edward
the Fourth, that at the shrine of this St. Hugh at Lincoln, divers
supernatural facts or miracles were done; for which reason he was put
into the Catalogue of Roman Saints. Hugh, ugh, in British-Cornish, is
a matter or thing high, large, and lofty.
In this parish is the barton and manor of Lan-hadarn, alias
Lanhaddarne, alias Lanhadden, alias Lansladarne, the thieves’ or
robbers’ place.
Which place gave name and original to an old family of gentlemen, from
thence surnamed de Lanhaddarne; of which family was Serlo de
Lanhaddarne, called by writ of summons to Parliament as a Baron
tempore Edward the First or Second: of whose posterity Serlo de
Lanhaddarne, 3 Henry IV. held in this place Guran and Lantine, by the
tenure of knight service, one fee and a half of lands; whose issue
male failing in Henry the Sixth’s days, he left only two daughters,
that became his heirs, the one married to Sir John Arundel, of
Lanherne, Knight, the other to Sir John Arundel, Knight, of Trerice;
in whose issue the name, blood, and estate of those gentlemen is
terminated; which was no small augmentation of the wealth and revenues
of those Arundels; and as the present possessor of this lordship, Sir
John Arundel, of Lanherne, Knight, hath for many years made of his
toll-tin out of the wastrel lands thereof at Tolgoath above fifteen
hundred pounds per annum; so in like manner the Lord Arundel of
Trerice, out of the manor of Allett in Kenwen, at a place called the
Garrows, parcel of those Lanhaddarns’ lands, hath had considerable
benefit from an ancient lead-mine there, out of which divers thousand
pounds’ worth of lead and silver have been extracted. (See KENWEN.)
Treg-on-an, in this parish, i. e. the dwelling on the valley or on the
level valley, is the seat of Sir Joseph Tredinham, Knight, that
married the daughter of Sir Edward Seymour, of Berry Pomeroye, in
Devon, Bart. His father, an attorney-at-law, married the daughter of
Molesworth, of Pencarrow, Esq.
Sir Joseph Tredingham succeeded to his estate, upon the issueless
decease of his elder brother, Sir William Tredingham, Knight; and had
issue by ―――― Seymour, John Tredinham, Esq. Member of Parliament for
St. Mawes, that married ―――― Jones, of Wales, as I take it, but died
without issue by a fall from his coachbox; and also two daughters, the
eldest married to John Nicholls, of Trewane, Esq. the other to Francis
Scobell, Esq. Member of Parliament for Mitchell, now in possession of
this lordship, and all other Sir Joseph’s lands, greatly encumbered
with debts.
Hal-liggon, in this parish, is the dwelling of Sir John Tremayne,
Knight, serjeant-at-law, who married, but died without issue. His
father, Colonel Lewis Tremayne, married ―――― Carew, of Penwarne, by
whom also he had issue ―――― Tremayne, Clerk, Vicar of St. Austell,
whose son by ―――― Jagoe, ―――― Tremayne, Esq. is now in possession of
this barton and manor, who married Clotworthy’s heir. Originally this
family was descended from the Tremaynes of Collacomb, in Devon (for
which see MABE).
Tre-vethick, alias Trevithick, in this parish, i. e. the farmer,
rustic, or husbandman’s town, is the dwelling of John Hickes, Esq.
Commissioner for the Peace and Taxes, and sometime Member of
Parliament for Fowey, who married ――――; his father an attorney-at-law.
This gentleman’s father came to an untimely death by means of an
unskilful nurse that attended him in his sickness, who being
prescribed a medicine by the physician, wherein was to be compounded,
amongst others, (the herb) mercury, which the woman not understanding,
bought of the apothecary the poisonous drug mercury, or crocus
metolorum, instead thereof, which being administered to him soon
caused his death.
In like manner a son of his, named Stephen Hickes, a youth of about
eighteen years of age, at school with Mr. Halsey at Merther, carrying
about a birding-gun charged with powder and shot in his hand, the gun
accidentally went off at such time as the mouth thereof was opposite
to his body, which shot him dead through the breast and heart, to the
grief of all that knew him.
Tre-luick, alias Tre-luige, in this parish, signifies the lake or
river of water town, or the town whose lands are situate upon some
river or bosom of waters, is the dwelling of John Archer, Gent. that
married Addis; his father ―――― Archer, Clerk, Vicar of Manaccan,
married Sweet.
This I take to be that place taxed in the Domesday Book, 1087, as the
voke lands of some manor, by the name of Treluwe, or else Treluick, in
St. Allen parish.