This is a pretty Midland name for the good garden plant commonly called
Red Valerian, or Spur Valerian (_Centranthus ruber_), that groups so
well in the picture with the straw-thatched beehives. How the name
originated cannot be exactly stated, but may easily be inferred. There
are several estates in the Midland Counties belonging to the Coventry
family, and, bearing in mind what we know of the home life of our
great-great-grandmothers of the late eighteenth century, it may be
assumed that some Lady Coventry of that date was specially fond of the
pretty needlecraft so widely practised among the ladies of that time.
Delightful things they are, these old needlework pictures, with a
character quite different from that of their predecessors of Jacobean
times. These were much stiffer in treatment and usually had figures; a
lady and gentleman and a dog being usual subjects, and trees looking
like those out of a Noah’s Ark, no doubt interpretations of the
stiffly-cut yew and box trees of the gardens of the same times.
But the workers of the flower-pictures of a hundred years later, and
into the first quarter of the nineteenth century, for the most part
chose flowers alone for their subjects. Sometimes a drawing was made,
but many of them look as if they were worked direct from the flowers. It
would appear that the worker would begin in the spring, with a Hyacinth;
then would come Anemones, Tulips, Auriculas, Lilac, Roses and Lilies; a
jumble of seasons but a concord of pretty things, and all done with a
simplicity, a sweetness, a directness of intention and absence of strain
or affectation, that give them a singular charm. One such picture that I
have before me must have been begun in May, and finished, perhaps, in
August and September; for the first flower in the upper left-hand
corner, where the work would naturally begin, is a thyrse of Lilac, and
the last, low down on the right, is a Nasturtium; while the intermediate
flowers, following each other in what would be approximately their
natural sequence, come in between. These are Pansy, Rose, Sweet Pea,
Love-in-a-Mist, Lily, Larkspur, Convolvulus, Carnation, Jasmine and
Passion-flower; and one Daisy-shaped flower, whose identity, considering
the numbers of possible Composites and the somewhat vague manner of the
rendering, cannot be determined, though all the other flowers are
capitally done and could not be mistaken.
The disk of the Daisy-flower is worked in a mass of those little knots
that sit closely together, the secret of whose making is known to every
good needlewoman. They are a capital direct imitation of the group of
anthers in the centre of a flower.
The glory of the picture, and what was evidently the delight of the
worker, is the Love-in-a-Mist, which stands above the others in the
middle top of the picture. The tender blue of the flower, shading to
white, the sharply-jagged edges of the petals, the green upstanding
forms in the centre, and, above all, the fennel-like divisions of the
involucre and the leaves, all lend themselves to satisfactory portrayal
with the needle; while the prominent position given to this charming
midsummer flower shows how the worker rejoiced in its beauty and took
pleasure in painting its form and colour in tender stitchery upon the
white silken ground of her picture. The Jasmine flowers, too, are done
with evident enjoyment as well as the neat, clear-cut leaves. The Rose
is a Moss-Rose, shown in three stages of bud and half-blown bloom, when
this charming Rose is at its best; the mossiness of the calyx being
cleverly suggested by short straw-coloured stitches that catch the light
upon a ground of dull green. The working material is floss silk, whose
silvery, shining surface, dark in some lights, makes a distinct effect
of light and shade in the case of the white flowers, even though they
are worked upon a ground that is also white.
Sometimes these pictures are of a bunch of flowers without a receptacle,
but often there is a basket or vase. In this case there is a basket of
very simple form, standing on a darker table worked in the chenilles,
which were also much used. They are tiny ropes of silk velvet with an
effect of rich short pile, like the old velvets of Genoa.
It is easy to see how the Red Valerian came to be used as a model for
needlework. Short stitches and long would easily render the small
divisions of the calyx and the long slender spur and single pistil, and
a quantity of this, representing the rather crowded flower-head, would
have a very good effect on a white or light ground.
The plant itself is a pretty one in any garden. Botanists say that it is
not indigenous, but it has taken to the country and acclimatised itself,
and now behaves like a native; haunting quarries and railway cuttings in
the chalk. It is a capital plant for establishing on or in walls or bold
rockwork, as well as in the garden border. It is always thankful for
chalk or lime in any form.
Printed by Ballantyne, Hanson & Co.