THE LARCH-TREE HACIENDA.
Though the report made by Quoniam was in every respect true, the Negro
was ignorant of certain details of which we will now inform the reader,
because these events are closely connected with our story, and clearness
renders it indispensable that they should be made known. We will,
therefore, return to the Larch-tree hacienda.
But, in the first place, let us explain the meaning of this word
"hacienda," which we have employed several times in the course of this
narrative, and which several authors have employed before us, without
understanding its significance.
In Sonora, Texas, and all the old Spanish colonies generally, where the
land is, as it were, left to anyone who likes to take possession of it
and cultivate it, there may be found at immense distances, and broadcast
like almost imperceptible dots over the waste lands, vast agricultural
establishments, each as large as one of our counties. These
establishments are called haciendas, a word we improperly translate by
farm, which has not at all the same meaning.
Immediately after the conquest, the Cortez, Pizarros, Almagros, and
other leaders of adventurers hastened to repay their comrades by
dividing among them the lands of the conquered, following, perhaps
without suspecting it, the example which had been given them a few
centuries previously by the leaders of the Barbarians, after the
break-up and dismemberment of the Roman Empire.
The conquerors were few in number, the shares were large; and the
majority of these ragged conquerors, who in their own country had not
even a roof to shelter their heads, found themselves all at once masters
of immense domains, which they immediately set to work turning to
account, laying down the sword without regret to take the pick, that is
to say, compelling the Indians who had become their slaves to clear for
them the land they had stolen.
The first care of the new possessors of the soil was to erect, in
positions easy to defend, houses, whose lofty, thick, and embattled
walls rendered them thorough fortresses, behind which they could easily
defy any attempted revolt on the part of their slaves. The inhabitants
had been allotted like the ground; each Spanish soldier received a
considerable number as his share; arms cost nothing. There was no lack
of stone, and hence the buildings were constructed of vast proportions,
and of such extreme strength, that even at the present day, after the
lapse of several centuries, these haciendas are an object of admiration
to the traveller.
Slaves alone, for whom the measure of time no longer exists, and whose
only hope is death, can undertake and complete these Cyclopean
buildings, of which we, men of another age, cannot understand the
existence on the globe, where they stand at various spots, like dumb and
touching protests.
At the haciendas, in addition to agriculture, which, especially at the
present day, has greatly fallen off, owing to the incessant invasions of
the Indian bravos, the breeding of cattle and horses is carried on to a
considerable extent. Hence, each of these farms contains an infinity of
servants of all descriptions, peons, vaqueros, etc., and resembles a
small town.
The owners of these establishments are consequently men belonging to the
highest society, and the richest and most intelligent class in the
country. The majority prefer residing in the cities, and visit only at
long intervals their haciendas, the management of which they entrust to
the major-domo and capataz, who are themselves semi-savages, whose life
is spent in riding constantly from one end to the other of the hacienda.
The Larch-tree hacienda, but a short distance from the mountains whose
passes it commanded, was therefore of great strategetical value to both
the parties now disputing the possession of Texas. The insurgent chiefs
understood this as well as the Mexican generals did.
After the total destruction of the detachment commanded by Captain
Melendez, General Rubio hastened to throw a powerful garrison into the
Larch-tree. As an old soldier of the Independence, accustomed to the
incessant struggles of a people that desires to be free, he had divined
the revolution behind the insurrection, on seeing that for ten years
past these insurgents, though incessantly conquered, seemed to grow from
their ashes again to return more obstinate and powerful than before, and
expose their chests to the pitiless bullets of their oppressors.
He was aware that the inhabitants only awaited the announcement of a
success, even though problematical, to rise to a man, and make common
cause with the daring partisans, branded by their enemies with the name
of Border ruffians, but who in reality were only the forlorn hope of a
revolution, and apostles acting under a holy and noble idea. Far from
offering Captain Melendez reproaches, which he knew that the latter did
not deserve, the General pitied and consoled him.
"You have your revenge to take, Colonel," he said to him, for this
grade, long deserved by the young officer, had just been given him by
the President of the Republic; "your new epaulettes have not yet smelt
powder. I propose giving you a splendid opportunity for christening
them."
"You will fulfil my wishes, General," the young officer replied, "by
entrusting me with a perilous enterprise, my success in which will
serve to wipe out the shame of my defeat."
"There is no shame, Colonel," the General replied, kindly, "in being
conquered as you were. War is only a game like any other, in which
chance often declares for the weaker side; let us not despond at an
insignificant check, but try, on the contrary, to cut the comb of these
cocks who, pluming themselves on their ephemeral triumph, doubtless
imagine that we are terrified and demoralised by their victory."
"Be assured, General, that I will help you to the best of my ability.
Whatever be the post you confide to me, I will die at it before
surrendering."
"An officer, my friend, must put off that impetuosity which so well
becomes the soldier, but it is a grave fault in a Chief trusted with the
lives of his fellow men. Do not forget that you are a head, and not an
arm."
"I will be prudent, General, as far as the care for my honour will
permit me."
"That will do, Colonel--I ask no more."
Don Juan merely bowed in response.
"By-the-bye," said the General, presently, "have these partisans any
capable men at their head?"
"Very capable, General; thoroughly acquainted with guerilla fighting,
and possessing a bravery and coolness beyond all praise."
"All the better, for in that case we shall reap more glory in conquering
them. Unfortunately, they are said to wage war like perfect savages,
pitilessly massacring the soldiers that fall into their hands; indeed,
what has happened to you is a proof of it."
"You are mistaken, General. Whatever these men may be, and the cause for
which they fight, it is my duty to enlighten and disabuse you, for they
have been strangely calumniated; it was only after my repeated refusals
to surrender that the action began. Their Chief even offered me my life
at the moment when I hurled myself with him into the yawning abyss at
our feet. When I became their prisoner they restored me my sword, gave
me a horse and a guide, who brought me within musket shot of your
outposts: is that the conduct of cruel men?"
"Certainly not, and I am pleased to see you thus do justice to your
enemies."
"I merely declare a fact."
"Yes, and an unlucky one for us; these men must consider themselves very
strong to act thus. This clemency of theirs will attract a great number
of partisans to their ranks."
"I fear it."
"And I too. No matter, the moment has arrived to act with vigour; for,
if we do not take care, within a week the very stones of this country,
of which we are still the masters, will rise to expel us, and the ground
will grow so hot under our feet, that we shall be compelled to fly
before these undisciplined masses of badly armed _guasos_, who harass us
like swarms of mosquitoes."
"I await your orders, General."
"Do you feel strong enough to mount again?"
"Perfectly."
"Very good, then. I have prepared three hundred men, cavalry and
infantry; the latter will mount behind the horsemen, in order not to
delay the march, which must be rapid, for my object is that you should
reach the hacienda before the insurgents; and fortify yourself there."
"I will reach it."
"I count on you. Two mountain guns will follow your detachment, and will
prove sufficient; for, if I am rightly informed, the hacienda has six in
good condition. Still, as ammunition may run short, you will take
sufficient with you to last for a fortnight. At all risks, the hacienda
must hold out for that period against all the attacks the insurgents may
make."
"It shall hold out, I swear it to you, General."
"I trust entirely to you."
The General walked to the entrance of the tent and raised the curtain.
"Summon the officers told off for the expedition," he said.
Five minutes later the officers appeared; nine in number--two captains
of cavalry, two of infantry, two lieutenants, and two alferez or second
lieutenants, and a captain, lieutenant, and alferez of artillery. The
General looked for a moment searchingly at these men, who stood serious
and motionless before him.
"Caballeros," he at length said, "I have carefully chosen you from the
officers of my army, because I know that you are brave and experienced;
you are about to carry out, under Colonel Don Juan Melendez de Gongora,
a confidential mission, which I would not have given to others whose
devotion to their country was less known to me. This mission is most
perilous. I hope that you will accomplish it like brave men, and return
here with glory."
The officers bowed their thanks.
"Do not forget," the General continued, "that you owe your soldiers an
example of subordination and discipline; obey the Colonel as myself in
all he may order for the good of the service and the success of your
enterprise."
"We cannot desire a better Chief than the one your Excellency has
selected to lead us," one of the Captains answered; "under his orders we
are certain of performing prodigies."
The General smiled graciously.
"I count on your zeal and bravery. Now, to horse without further delay,
for you must have left the camp within ten minutes."
The officers bowed and retired. Don Juan prepared to follow them.
"Stay," the General said to him; "I have one final recommendation to
give you."
The young man walked up to him.
"Shut yourself up carefully in the place," the General went on. "If you
are invested, do not attempt any of those sallies, which often
compromise the fate of a garrison, without positive advantage. Content
yourself with vigorously repulsing attacks, sparing the blood of your
soldiers, and not expending your ammunition needlessly. So soon as my
final arrangements are made, I will march in person to your help; but
you _must_ resist till then, at any cost."
"I have already told you I will do so, General."
"I know that you will. Now, my friend, to horse, and may you be
fortunate."
"Thanks, General."
The Colonel bowed, and immediately withdrew to place himself at the head
of the small band, which, collected a short distance off, only awaited
his arrival to start. The General was standing in the doorway of his
tent to witness their departure. Don Juan mounted, drew his sabre, and
turned toward the motionless detachment.
"Forward!" he commanded.
The squadrons at once started, and began drawing out in the darkness
like the black folds of an ill-omened serpent. The General remained in
the doorway of his tent for some time, and when the last sound had died
away in the night, he pensively re-entered the tent, and let the curtain
fall behind him, muttering in a low and sad voice--
"I have sent them to death, for Heaven fights on the side of our
adversaries."
And, after shaking his head several times with an air of discouragement,
the old soldier of the war of Independence fell into an equipal, hid his
face in his hands, and plunged into serious reflections.
In the meanwhile, the detachment rapidly continued its march. Thanks to
the Mexican fashion of mounting infantry _en croupe_, the troops carried
out their movements with a rapidity that seemed almost prodigious, the
more so as American horses go very quickly, and endure great fatigue
without injury.
The Americans of the South are generally very harsh to their horses, to
which they pay no attention. Never in the interior does a horse pass the
night, whatever the weather may be, otherwise than in the open air.
Every morning it receives its ration for the whole day, marching
frequently fourteen, or even sixteen hours, without stopping or
drinking; when evening arrives, the harness is removed, and it is left
to find its food where it can. On the Indian border, where there is much
to fear from the Redskins, who are great admirers of horses, and display
admirable skill in stealing them, certain precautions are used at
night; the horses are picquetted in the interior of the bivouac, and
feed on the pea vines, the young tree shoots, and a few measures of
maize or other corn, which is given with extreme parsimony. Still, in
spite of the careless way in which they are treated, we repeat that
these horses are very handsome, vigorous, remarkably docile, and of
great speed.
Colonel Melendez arrived at an early hour in sight of the hacienda, for
his troops had made a forced march through the night. With a rapid
glance the experienced Chief of the Mexicans examined the neighbourhood,
but the plain was deserted.
The Larch-tree hacienda stood like an eagle's nest on the top of a
hillock, whose abrupt sides had never been smoothed, as the steepness of
their ascent was regarded as a means of defence in the event of an
attack. Thick walls turned yellow by time, at each angle of which could
be seen the threatening muzzles of two guns peering out, gave this
strongly-built house the appearance of a real fortress.
The Mexicans increased their already rapid pace, in order to reach the
hacienda before the gates were opened, and the ganado let out. The scene
presented by this magnificent plain at sunrise, had something imposing
about it. The hacienda, whose roof was still veiled in mist; the gloomy
forests in the distance, which ran with almost imperceptible undulations
along the spurs of the sierra; the silvery thread of a small stream,
which wound with capricious meanderings through the plain, and whose
waters sparkled in the hot sunbeams; the dumps of larches, sumachs, and
Peru trees, which rose here and there from amid the tall grass, and
agreeably broke the monotony of the plain, while from the thickets rose
the joyous song of the birds saluting the return of day--in a word, all
seemed to breathe repose and happiness in this abode momentarily so
tranquil.
The Mexicans reached the hacienda, whose gates were not opened till the
inhabitants were well assured that the newcomers were really friends.
They had already heard of the general insurrection occasioned by the
surprise of the conducta de plata, and hence the Major-domo, who
commanded in the absence of Don Felipe de Valreal, proprietor of the
hacienda, kept on his guard.
This Major-domo, whose name was Don Felix Paz, was a man of about
five-and-forty at the most, tall, well-built, and powerful; he had, in
truth, the appearance of a perfect _hombre de a caballo_, an essential
condition for fulfilling his onerous duties. This Major-domo came in
person to receive the Mexican detachment at the gate of the hacienda.
After congratulating the Colonel, he informed him that so soon as he
received the news of the general revolt of the province, he had brought
all his cattle in, armed the servants, and rendered the guns on the
platform serviceable.
The Colonel complimented him on his diligence, established his troops in
the outhouses destined for the peons and vaqueros, took military
possession of all the posts, and, accompanied by the Major-domo, made a
strict inspection of the interior of the fortress. Don Juan Melendez,
being well acquainted with the carelessness and sloth of his fellow
countrymen, expected to find the hacienda in a wretched state, but was
agreeably deceived. This large estate, situated on the limits of the
desert, as it were between civilisation and barbarism, was too exposed
to the unforeseen attacks of Redskins and bandits of every description
who congregate on the border, for its owner not to watch with the
utmost care over its defence. This wise foresight was at this moment of
a great utility for the siege which, in all probability, they would have
to withstand ere long.
The Colonel found but very little to alter in the arrangements made by
the Major-domo; he contented himself with cutting down several clumps of
trees which, being situated too near the hacienda, might shelter
sharpshooters, who could annoy their artillery men. At each entrance of
the hacienda barricades were erected by his orders, composed of branches
interlaced, and outside the walls the arms of all the healthy men were
called into requisition, to dig a deep and wide trench, the earth from
which, thrown up on the side of the hacienda, formed a breast-work,
behind which the best shots in the garrison were placed. The two
mountain guns brought by the Colonel remained horsed, so that they might
be transported to the point of danger. Finally, the Mexican flag was
haughtily hoisted on the top of the hacienda.
Counting the servants, to whom Don Felix had distributed arms, the
garrison amounted to nearly four hundred men, a sufficient force to
resist a coup de main, especially in so good a position as this; there
was plenty of ammunition and food; the Mexicans were animated by the
best spirit, and the Colonel, therefore, felt certain of being able to
hold out for a fortnight against troops more numerous and experienced
than those the insurgents had at their disposal.
The works of fortification were carried on with such great activity,
that they were completed within twenty-four hours of the Colonel's
arrival at the hacienda. The scouts, sent out in all directions, came
back without any fresh news of the insurgents, whose movements were so
cleverly veiled, that, since the affair of the conducta, they seemed to
have disappeared without leaving a trace, and buried themselves in the
bowels of the earth.
This complete want of news, far from reassuring the Colonel, on the
contrary, augmented his anxiety. This factitious tranquillity, this
gloomy silence of the landscape, seemed to him more menacing than if he
had heard of the approach of the enemy, whose masses, however, he felt,
by a species of secret intuition, were gradually drawing in round the
post he had been selected to defend.
It was the second day after the arrival of the Mexicans at the
Larch-tree; the sun was disappearing behind the mountains in masses of
gold; night would soon set in. Colonel Melendez and the Major-domo,
leaning on one of the battlements of the platform, were absently gazing
out on the immense landscape unrolled at their feet, while conversing
together. Don Juan had in a few minutes appreciated the loyalty and
intelligence of the Major-domo; hence these two men, who thoroughly
understood each other, had become friends.
"Another day past," said the Colonel, "and it has been impossible for us
yet to learn the movements of the insurgents. Does not that appear
extraordinary to you, Don Felix?"
The Major-domo sent forth a cloud of smoke from his mouth and nostril,
took his husk cigarette from his mouth, and quietly flipped away the
ash.
"Very extraordinary," he said, without turning his head, and continuing
to look fixedly at the sky.
"What a singular man you are! Nothing disturbs you," Don Juan went on
half angrily, "Have all our scouts returned?"
"All."
"And still brought no news?"
"None."
"By Heaven! Your coolness would make a saint swear! What are you looking
at so fixedly in the sky? Do you fancy you can find the information we
require there?"
"Perhaps so," the Major-domo replied seriously. Then extending his hand
in a north-east direction, he said--
"Look there."
"Well?" the Colonel said looking in the direction indicated.
"Do you see nothing?"
"On my honour, no."
"Not even those flocks of herons and flamingos flying in large circles,
and uttering shrill cries which you can hear from here?"
"Certainly I see birds; but what have they in common----?"
"Colonel," the Major-domo interrupted him, turning and drawing himself
up to his full height; "prepare to defend yourself; the enemy is there."
"What--the enemy? you are mad, Don Felix; look out in the last gleams of
day, the plain is deserted."
"Colonel, before becoming Major-domo at the Larch-tree hacienda, I was a
wood ranger for fifteen years; the desert is to me a book, every page of
which I can peruse. Watch the timid flight of those birds, notice the
numberless flocks which are constantly joining those we first perceived;
those birds, driven from their nests, are flying haphazard before an
enemy who will soon appear. That enemy is the insurgent army, whose
masses will soon be visible to us, probably preceded by fire."
"Rayo de Dios, Don Felix," the Colonel suddenly exclaimed; "you are
right, look there!"
A red line, momentarily growing wider, suddenly appeared on the extreme
verge of the horizon.
"Did the flight of the birds deceive us?" the Major-domo asked.
"Forgive me, friend, a very excusable ignorance, but we have not a
moment to lose."
They went down at once; five minutes later the defenders of the hacienda
lined the tops of the walls, and ambushed themselves behind the exterior
intrenchments. The Texan army, now perfectly visible, was deploying on
the plains in heavy columns.