knowledge has yet been published, either in this country or on the
continent; but a large folio black print of it was given in Aiton’s
Hortus Kewensis, along with the above specific character, and with the
circumstance of its having been introduced into the British gardens
by the late Dr. Fothergill, in the year 1778, from China; of which
country it is a native. In England it requires the artificial heat
of the tan-bed to make it flower, which it does annually, with good
management, from the month of November to that of April. It requires
rich earth, and in dry weather frequent waterings; when in bloom makes
a very stately appearance, and is propagated pretty readily by parting
the tubers of the roots. Our drawing was made from fine plants in the
Hibbertian collection at Clapham last month.
[Illustration]
PLATE CCCCXXVII.
GOMPHOLOBIUM MACULATUM.
_Maculated Air-pod._
CLASS X. ORDER I.
_DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Ten Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
CALYX campanulatus, simplex, alte 5-fidus. Corolla
papilionacea. Stigma simplex, acutum. Legumen inflatum, sphericum,
uniloculare, polyspermum.
EMPALEMENT bell-shaped, simple, deeply five-cleft. Blossom
butterfly-shaped. Summit simple, acute. Pod inflated, spherical,
one-celled, many-seeded.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
GOMPHOLOBIUM, foliis ternatis linearibus nudis, senioribus
declinatis, pedunculis basin versus bibracteatis, ramulis teretibus
nudis.
GOMPHOLOBIUM, with leaves in threes and naked, the older ones
bent downwards, peduncles with 2 floral leaves near the base, and
naked round branches.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A leaf.
2. The empalement, peduncle, and floral leaves.
3. A front view of the standard.
4. A back view of the same.
5. One of the wings.
6. The keel.
7. The chives and pointal.
8. The seed-bud and pointal.
The plant here represented is quite a new species, and is said to be a
native of New Holland: it is a stiff little shrub, and prospers in the
green-house; and its yellow flowers, deeply blotched with brown on the
standard, make a good appearance.
In its habit, and in the generic characters, it comes nearer to
Gompholobium of Dr. Smith in Exotic Botany, tab. 5, than to any other
genus within our knowledge; yet the dissections here given, will be
found to swerve from the characters there advanced, in several perhaps
not unimportant particulars. The stamina appear more united. The
stigma appears slightly capitated, instead of acute; and the infant
pod somewhat too long. The bracteæ also differ in number as well as
structure.
Our drawing was made from living plants in the Hibbertian collection in
the year 1803, but the above description from the drawing only.
[Illustration]
PLATE CCCCXXVIII.
ELYCHRISUM STÆHELINA.
_Stæhelina-like Eternal-flower._
CLASS XIX. ORDER II.
_SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA._ Tips united. Superfluous Polygamy.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
RECEPTACULUM nudum. Pappus pilosus, vel plumosus. Calyx
imbricatus, radiatus, radio colorato.
RECEPTACLE naked. Down hairy, or feathery. Empalement
imbricated, rayed, with the ray coloured.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER, &c.
ELYCHRISUM, fruticosum, erectum, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis
basi attenuatis sericeis, pedunculis nudis unifloris terminalibus.
_Willd. Sp. Pl. 3. 1910._
ELYCHRISUM, shrubby, erect, with leaves oblong-lanced
attenuated at the base and silky, and terminal naked one-flowered
peduncles.
XERANTHEMUM (Stæhelina) pedunculis terminalibus exertis nudis
unifloris, foliis lanceolatis tomentosis. _Syst. Veg. 624._
XERANTHEMUM foliis lanceolato-oblongis carinatis lanatis,
caule erecto. _Thunb. Prod. 153._
OBS. Caulis lignosus, tener, paniculato-ramosus, ut tota
herba albo-tomentosus. Pedunculi longi terminales. _Willd._ l. c.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A flower cut open.
2. An hermaphrodite floret with its down.
3. The same without the down.
4. The same spread open.
5. The seed-bud and pointal, with the summit detached and magnified.
In the last volume of Willdenow’s Species Plantarum, containing the
great class Syngenesia, are found many valuable botanical alterations
and amendments, respecting the division and distribution of the
genera and species; and amongst others, we find the Linnæan genus
Xeranthemum, and even its species the annuum, with its supposed
variety the inapertum, divided and arranged exactly after the manner
proposed in our account of X. bracteatum (Plate 375), now Elychrisum
bracteatum: those few species only being now called Xeranthema which
have a squamous receptacle: viz. the annuum, and inapertum, of European
origin; and the orientale, a native of Armenia.
The plant here depicted was drawn from a living specimen in the
Clapham collection, last December, where at first it only threw up one
flower-stalk; but it has since become stronger, and shows a peduncle
from the end of almost every branch.
Although this species comes nearer Elychrisum in its generic characters
than to any other genus, Gnaphalium not excepted, yet still we cannot
help remarking, how much it recedes from the external appearance of
most of its congeners, in being quite destitute of radiating scales.
It is a green-house plant, a native of the Cape, and is propagated by
cuttings; but is not at present in any collection we are acquainted
with, except Mr. Hibbert’s.
[Illustration]
PLATE CCCCXXIX.
PROTEA INCURVA.
_Incurved-leaved Protea._
CLASS IV. ORDER I.
_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
COROLLA quadrifida, sive quadripetala. Antheræ lineares,
insertæ petalis infra apicem. Calyx proprius, nullus. Nux unisperma,
supera.
BLOSSOM four-cleft, or four-petaled. Tips linear, inserted on
the petals below the apex. Empalement proper, none. Nut one-seeded,
above.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER, &c.
PROTEA, foliis filiformibus incurvis glabris, capitulis
racemoso-spicatis tomentosis. _Thunb. Prod. 26.--Diss. no. 22. tab. 3.
fig. 2.--Willd. Sp. Pl. 1. 516._
PROTEA, with thread-shaped incurved smooth leaves, and heads
of flowers racemose-spiked and woolly.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A flower.
2. A petal magnified.
3. The seed-bud and pointal, with the summit detached and magnified.
The Protea incurva is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, which is also
the native country of by far the greater part of this extensive genus.
In this country it is considered and treated as a hardy green-house
plant; and requires, like most of its congeners, a fresh loamy soil,
and an airy situation in the winter. A very abundant supply of fresh
air, indeed, is of essential consequence in the cultivation of most of
the Cape plants; they benefit by it in the day time in most sorts of
weather, even if rainy, provided the plants are not wetted by the rain,
and the temperature of the atmosphere is not lower than forty degrees
of Fahrenheit’s thermometer.
In many collections, we are of opinion, too little air is usually
admitted in the green-house; especially in winter, and early spring:
and we are also of opinion, that where we have seen the most given,
the plants are the most healthy and robust. The fine collection at Mr.
Hibbert’s is a powerful argument in favour of this theory.--In few
places is air so freely given; in none are plants in finer health:
therefore much air is essentially necessary; for plants, like animals,
are now known to absorb from the atmosphere, through a process
analogous to respiration, its oxygenous particles; thence deriving
strength and vigour, and without which no animal or vegetable can at
all maintain either health or life.
Our figure was made from the Clapham Collection last June. The plant is
shrubby, erect, and is propagated by cuttings in the usual way.
[Illustration]
PLATE CCCCXXX.
RICINUS ARMATUS.
_Prickly-capsuled Ricinus._
CLASS XXI. ORDER VIII.
_MONOECIA MONADELPHIA._ One House. One Brotherhood.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
MAS. Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla 0. Stamina numerosa.
FEMINA. Calyx 3-partitus. Corolla 0. Pistilli 3, bifidi.
Capsula 3-locularis. Semen 1.
MALE. Empalement 5-parted. Blossom none Chives numerous.
FEMALE. Empalement 3-parted. Blossom none. Pointals 3,
2-cleft. Capsule 3-celled. Seed one.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
RICINUS, foliis peltatis alte palmato-novem-fidis serratis,
petiolis glandulosis, capsulis undique spinis herbaceis.
RICINUS, with leaves peltated deeply palmate-9-cleft and
serrated, with glandulose petioles, and capsules every where furnished
with herbaceous spines.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A male flower.
2. The male empalement.
3. The pointals.
4. A capsule.
5. A seed.
The species of Ricinus here depicted, was raised in Lady Holland’s
garden at Kensington last summer, from seeds sent by her ladyship from
Malta, where the plant has been cultivated for medicinal purposes about
four years; and where it is considered as a new sort. And such indeed
it appears to us: for as a species, although it comes extremely near to
R. communis, R. inermis, and perhaps R. medicus of Forskall, it appears
to be sufficiently distinct; differing from the former and latter, in
its deeper cloven, and more numerously lobed, and glandular petioled
leaves; and from R. inermis, in having its capsules thickly beset
with considerable, but herbaceous spines; whence our specific name of
armatus, in contradistinction also to R. inermis, which has smooth
capsules. The plant from which our drawing was taken was eight feet
high and very much branched; and its ample yet elegant foliage, and red
stalks and veins, communicated that kind of appearance to it which is
often attributed to Asiatic plants--stately, and magnificent. Its root
is biennial; it requires the protection of the green-house, and can be
increased very readily by seeds, which should be raised on a hot-bed in
spring, and afterwards transplanted into very large pots. There were
two glands at the top of the petioles.
The valuable drug called castor oil is extracted from the seeds of this
and other species of Ricinus.
[Illustration]
PLATE CCCCXXXI.
CÆSULIA AXILLARIS.
_Axillary-flowered Cæsulia._
CLASS XIX. ORDER I.
_SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA ÆQUALIS._ Tips united. Æqual Polygamy.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
RECEPTACULUM paleaceum, paleis semina involventibus. Pappus
nullus. Calyx triphyllus.
RECEPTACLE chaffy, with the chaff enveloping the seeds. Down
none. Empalement three-leaved.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER, &c.
CÆSULIA, foliis lanceolatis basi attenuatis serratis
alternis. _Willd. Sp. Pl. 3. 1796._
CÆSULIA, with alternate lanceolate serrated leaves attenuated
at the base.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A floret with its seed enveloped by the chaff.
2. The same divested of its seed and chaff.
3. The same spread open and magnified.
4. The seed-bud, pointal, and chaff.
5. and 6. The same in different states.
Novelty, oddity, and a very unusual appearance in every part, for a
syngenesious plant, must in the present subject compensate for its
trifling flowers.
Few of our cultivating friends, except those who are the most
botanical, will be inclined to add this Cæsulia to their collections;
although a very rare, and, in many respects, an interesting species.
It was first described and figured by Dr. Roxburgh, as a new genus,
and by the name it here bears, in his sumptuous work on the plants of
the coast of Coromandel, of which country it is a native; and it has
since been taken up by Professor Willdenow, in his edition of Species
Plantarum, and has had a new species (the _radicans_), from Guinea,
added to it by that botanist.
The axillary-flowered Cæsulia is quite new in the gardens, and is said
to have a perennial root, by the parting of which we suppose it may be
increased; and must be considered as a hot-house plant in this country.
Our figure was taken from a living specimen, obligingly communicated to
us last summer by the Marquis of Blandford, from White Knights, Berks;
who, we believe, first raised it in this country, from East Indian
seeds.
[Illustration]
PLATE CCCCXXXII.
STRELITZIA REGINÆ.
_The Queen’s Strelitzia._
CLASS V. ORDER I.
_PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Five Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
SPATHA universalis, partialesque. Calyx 0. Corolla 3-petala.
Nectarium 3-phyllum, genitalia involvens. Capsula 3-locularis; loculis
polyspermis.
SPATHE a common one, and partial spathes. Empalement none.
Blossom three-petalled. Nectary three-leaved, involving the organs of
fructification. Capsule three-celled; with many seeds.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER, &c.
STRELITZIA, foliis ellipticis basi undulatis
parallelo-costatis.
STRELITZIA, with leaves elliptic undulated at the base, and
ribbed in a parallel manner.
STRELITZIA Reginæ. _Willd. Sp. Pl. I. 1190.--Curt. Bot. Mag.
tab. 119.--Ait. Hort. Kew. 1. 285. tab. 2._
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A miniature figure of the plant.
2. The two-petal-like nectary.
3. The upper short petal of the nectary.
4. The seed-bud, chives and pointal.
At the request of several of our subscribers, who compliment us in
saying this work contains nearly all the more showy plants now in
cultivation; and who moreover are desirous that it should not long
want any of them: we here beg leave to present them with that queen of
hot-house plants, the superb Strelitzia: although strictly against our
rules and plan; a coloured quarto print of it having already been given
in the Botanical Magazine.
Of this majestic genus, first established in the Hortus Kewensis, there
are now living in the British gardens, not fewer than four species, and
several varieties; all natives, we believe, of the Cape of Good Hope,
and all hot-house plants: viz. 1st, Strelitzia alba (Hortulanorum),
which, towering far above the rest, and quite erect, attains the kingly
height of twenty feet or upwards: it ought to have been called S.
Regis;--2nd, S. Reginæ, here delineated, of which there are three or
four varieties, differing only in the undulation of the leaves, and
in their length, which (including the petiole) is usually from three
to five feet;--3d, A nondescript narrow-leaved species, with very
long petioles; this should be called S. Principis;--and 4th, another
nondescript, but smaller sort, whose leaves are mere petioles, and
scarce ever expand in the slightest manner into laminæ: this should be
called S. juncea: it is very rare, and we believe at present only in
the royal collection at Kew. All the Strelitziæ are propagated, though
slowly, by carefully dividing their perennial roots, which are usually
planted either in very large pots, or small beds annexed to the tan-bed
in hot-houses. Our figure was made from a plant at Messrs. Colvill’s,
in the King’s Road, last autumn, but the plant flowers freely at
various seasons.
[Illustration]
INDEX
TO THE PLANTS CONTAINED IN VOL. VI.
Plate
361 Sanseviera carnea Flesh-coloured Sanseviera G. H. Herb March
362 Crocus biflorus Yellow-bottomed white Crocus Hard. Bulb February
363 Polygala stipulacea Stipuled Milkwort G. H. Shrub March
364 Iris pavonia Peacock Iris G. H. Bulb April
365 Scilla siberica Siberian Squill Hard. Bulb February
366 Geranium barbatum. _Var. undulatum._ Bearded-leaved Geranium _Var. waved-petaled._ G. H. Herb Septem.
367 Anagallis grandiflora Great-flowered Pimpernel G. H. Ann. April
368 Melanthium Massoniæfolium Massonia-leaved Melanthium G. H. Bulb March
369 Eucomis purpureocaulis Purple-stalked Eucomis G. H. Bulb March
370 Polygala teretifolia Cylindric-leaved Milkwort G. H. Shrub April
371 Polygala alopecuroides Fox-tail Milkwort G. H. Shrub April
372 Mimosa purpurea Soldier-bush Mimosa H. H. Shrub April
373 Pæonia suffruticosa Shrubby Pæony G. H. Shrub April
374 Xeranthemum proliferum Proliferous Eternal-flower G. H. Shrub May
375 Xeranthemum bracteatum Waved-leaved Eternal-flower Hard. Ann. Septem.
376 Neottia minor The Lesser Neottia H. H. Herb March
377 Allium Chamæ-Moly The Dwarf Moly G. H. Bulb February
378 Geranium fissifolium Cloven-leaved Geranium G. H. Herb Septem.
379 Rhododendron ponticum. _Var. deciduum._ Deciduous purple Rhododendron Hard. Shrub May
380 Achyranthes porrigens Divaricating Achyranthes H. H. Shrub May
381 Sarracenia flava Yellow side-saddle Flower G. H. Herb June
382 Liparia villosa Concave-leaved Liparia G. H. Shrub May
383 Pittosporum undulatum Waved-leaved Pittosporum G. H. Shrub May
384 Xeranthemum variegatum Variegated Eternal-flower G. H. Shrub May
385 Campanula laciniata Ragwort-leaved Bell-flower Hard. Herb July
386 Anthericum pugioniforme Dagger-leaved Anthericum Hard. Bulb Septem.
387 Xeranthemum rigidum Rigid-leaved Eternal-flower G. H. Shrub May
388 Mesembryanthemum inclaudens Unclosing-flowered Fig-marygold G. H. Shrub July
389 Dombeya Erythroxylon Saint Helena Red-wood H. H. Shrub June
390 Amaryllis spectabilis Waved-leaved Amaryllis H. H. Bulb July
391 Nymphæa Lotus The Ægyptian Lotus H. H. Herb July
392 Ixia columnaris. _Var angustifolia._ Narrow-leaved Columnar-chived Ixia G. H. Bulb June
393 Fumaria Formosa Beautiful Fumitory Hard. Herb June
394 Mimosa Linifolia Flax-leaved Mimosa G. H. Shrub May
395 Anthericum paniculatum Panicled Anthericum G. H. Herb July
396 Campanula versicolor Various-coloured Bell-flower Hard. Herb July
397 Stewartia marilandica Maryland Stewartia Hard. Shrub August
398 Wachendorfia villosa Villous Wachendorfia G. H. Herb June
399 Commelina tuberosa Tuberous-rooted Commelina H. H. Herb Septem.
400 Eucalyptus resinifera Resinous Eucalyptus G. H. Shrub July
401 Serratula spicata Spiked-flowered Saw-wort Hard. Herb July
402 Clematis florida Large-flowered Virgin’s Bower Hard. Shrub July
403 Ipomea grandiflora Great-flowered Ipomea H. H. Ann. Septem.
404 Morea miniata Red-lead-coloured Morea G. H. Bulb April
405 Primula dentiflora Toothed-flowered Primrose Hard. Herb Septem.
406 Aponogeton monostachyon Simple-spiked Aponogeton H. H. Herb July
407 Calendula dentata Toothed-leaved Marygold G. H. Shrub July
408 Dahlia pinnata Pinnated-leaved Dahlia G. H. Herb Septem.
409 Protea Scolymus Smooth-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub May
410 Cynanchum undatum Waved Cynanchum H. H. Shrub July
411 Psoralea spicata Spiked-flowered Psoralea G. H. Shrub July
412 Calendula viscosa Viscous Marygold G. H. Shrub October
413 Geranium hymenodes Ternate-leaved Geranium G. H. Herb May
414 Crassula obliqua Oblique-leaved Crassula H. H. Shrub October
415 Cantua Coronopifolia Coronopus-leaved Cantua H. H. Herb Novem.
416 Salvia Chamædrifolia Germander-leaved Sage G. H. Shrub July
417 Crotolaria pulchella Ternate large-flowered Crotolaria G. H. Shrub July
418 Gentiana Catesbæi Catesby’s Gentian Hard. Herb October
419 Genista lusitanica Portugal Genista Hard. Shrub March
420 Geranium floribundum Tuberous many-flowered Geranium G. H. Herb July
421 Renealmia calcarata Upright-flowering Renealmia H. H. Herb Septem.
422 Crotolaria juncea Rushy-stalked Crotolaria H. H. Ann. August
423 Geranium luteum Dwarf yellow-flowered Geranium G. H. Herb Septem.
424 Polygala micrantha Small-flowered Milkwort G. H. Shrub April
425 Mangifera indica Indian Mango-tree H. H. Shrub Decem.
426 Limodorum Tankervilliæ Chinese Limodorum H. H. Herb Decem.
427 Gompholobium maculatum Maculated Air-Pod G. H. Shrub July
428 Elychrisum Stæhelina Stæhelina-like Eternal-flower G. H. Shrub Decem.
429 Cæsulea axillaris Axillary-flowered Cæsulea H. H. Herb August
430 Ricinus armatus Prickly-capsuled Ricinus G. H. Bien. October
431 Protea incurva Incurved-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub June
432 Strelitzia Reginæ The Queen’s Strelitzia H. H. Herb August
ERRATA ET CORRIGENDA IN VOL. VI.
Plate
361, line 20, for brevioribus, read _breviora_.
-------- 21, for antheris, read _antheras_.
362, ---- 7, after longissimo add _partim_, and after long add _and partly_.
-------- 11, after cochleariformibus, add _circumscissis_.
-------- 16, for antheris, read _antheras_.
-------- after line 21, add 4. _The Seed-bud and Pointal_.
365, ---- 21, for antheris, read _antheras_.
375, ---- 19, for the Pointal, &c. read _one of the Scales of the Empalement_.
-------- 10, for prinnate, read _pinnate_.
378, ---- 3, from the bottom, for Erodium, read _Pelangonium_.
383, After the Specific Character, add _P. undulatum, Vent. Pl. nouv. 76._
389, line 25, for retuse, read _undulatim retusa_.
390, ---- 20, after tubulosi, add _ante anthesin inflati_.
395, ---- 18, after is, read _a new species_.
396, ---- 24, for and, read _it_.
397, ---- 13, strike out the letter _l_.
399, ---- 4, from the bottom, for double, read _but half_.
404, ---- 9, for Monadelphia, read _Monadelpha_.
-------- 22, for east, read _least_.
405, ---- 22, for affords, read _afford_.
410, ---- 11, after waved, add _and_.
-------- 27, for known, read _unknown_.
415, ---- 22, for 4 read 3.
417, ---- 10, strike out the _two hyphens_ and the _comma_ between them.
418, ---- 7, from bottom, for purple read _blue_.
420, ---- 19, for Erodium, read _Pelangonium_.
424, ---- 27, for compensates, read _compensate_.
426, ---- 16, after plant, add _5_.