Moldova has pushed ahead boldly on economic reform since gaining its
independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. It introduced a
convertible currency - the leu - in late 1993 that has remained stable
against the dollar, removed price controls on most products,
eliminated licenses and quotas on most imports and exports, and freed
interest rates. In 1994, Moldova aims to privatize at least one-third
of state enterprises, lower inflation to 1% per month, and reduce the
budget deficit to 3.5% of GDP. Moldova enjoys a favorable climate and
good farmland but has no major mineral deposits. As a result,
Moldova's economy is primarily based on agriculture, featuring fruits,
vegetables, wine, and tobacco. Moldova, however, must import all of
its supplies of oil, coal, and natural gas, and energy shortages have
contributed to sharp production declines since the break-up of the
Soviet Union. Activities by separatist groups in the Dniester region
have held back economic development in that area. Foreign economic
assistance has been a tangible plus for Moldova, whereas direct
foreign investment has been lacking.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $16.3 billion (1993 estimate from
the UN International Comparison Program, as extended to 1991 and
published in the World Bank's World Development Report 1993; and as
extrapolated to 1993 using official Moldovan statistics, which are
very uncertain because of major economic changes since 1990)
National product real growth rate:
-4% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
$3,650 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
30% per month (1993)
Unemployment rate:
less than 1% (includes only officially registered unemployed; large
numbers of underemployed workers)
Budget:
revenues:
$NA
expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
note:
budget deficit for 1993 approximately 6% of GDP
Exports:
$108 million to outside the FSU countries (January-September 1993);
over 70% of exports go to FSU countries
commodities:
foodstuffs, wine, tobacco, textiles and footwear, machinery, chemicals
(1991)
partners:
Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Romania, Germany
Imports:
$145 million from outside the FSU countries (January-September 1993);
over 70% of imports are from FSU countries
commodities:
oil, gas, coal, steel machinery, foodstuffs, automobiles, and other
consumer durables
partners:
Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Romania, Germany
External debt:
$325 million (end of 1993)
Industrial production:
growth rate -10% (1993)
Electricity:
capacity:
3,115,000 kW
production:
11.1 billion kWh
consumption per capita:
2,491 kWh (1992)
Industries:
key products are canned food, agricultural machinery, foundry
equipment, refrigerators and freezers, washing machines, hosiery,
refined sugar, vegetable oil, shoes, textiles
Agriculture:
Moldova's principal economic activity; products are vegetables,
fruits, wine, grain, sugar beets, sunflower seed, meat, milk, tobacco
Illicit drugs:
illicit cultivator of opium poppy and cannabis; mostly for CIS
consumption; transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe
Economic aid:
recipient:
Joint EC-US loan (1993), $127 million; IMF STF credit (1993), $64
million; IMF stand-by loan (1993), $72 million; US commitments
(1992-93), $61 million in humanitarian aid, $11 million in technical
assistance; World Bank loan (1993), $60 million; Russia (1993), 50
billion ruble credit; Romania (1993), 20 billion lei credit
Currency:
the leu (plural lei) was introduced in late 1993
Exchange rates:
NA
Fiscal year:
calendar year
@Moldova, Communications
Railroads:
1,150 km; does not include industrial lines (1990)
Highways:
total:
20,000 km
paved or gravelled:
13,900 km
unpaved:
earth 6,100 km (1990)
Pipelines:
natural gas 310 km (1992)
Ports:
none; landlocked
Airports:
total:
26
usable:
15
with permanent-surface runways:
6
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
5
with runways 1,060-2,439 m:
8
note:
a C-130 can land on a 1,060-m airstrip
Telecommunications:
The telecommunication system of Moldova is not well developed; number
of telephone subscribers 577,000 (1991); number of subscribers per
1,000 persons 134 (1991); number of unsuccessful requests for
telephone service 215,000 (1991); international connections to the
other former Soviet republics by land line and microwave radio relay
through Ukraine, and to other countries by leased connections to the
Moscow international gateway switch; 2 satellite earth stations - 1
EUTELSAT and 1 INTELSAT; broadcast services NA
@Moldova, Defense Forces
Branches:
Ground Forces, Air and Air Defence Force, Security Forces (internal
and border troops)
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 1,098,156; fit for military service 869,866; reach
military age (18) annually 35,814 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
$NA, NA% of GDP
@Monaco, Geography
Location:
Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, in southern France
near the border with Italy
Map references:
Europe, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
1.9 sq km
land area:
1.9 sq km
comparative area:
about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
total 4.4 km, France 4.4 km
Coastline:
4.1 km
Maritime claims:
territorial sea:
12 nm
International disputes:
none
Climate:
Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Terrain:
hilly, rugged, rocky
Natural resources:
none
Land use:
arable land:
0%
permanent crops:
0%
meadows and pastures:
0%
forest and woodland:
0%
other:
100%
Irrigated land:
NA sq km
Environment:
current issues:
NA
natural hazards:
NA
international agreements:
party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Marine
Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling; signed, but
not ratified - Law of the Sea
Note:
second smallest independent state in world (after Holy See); almost
entirely urban
@Monaco, People
Population:
31,278 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.81% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
10.71 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
12.21 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
9.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
7.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
77.69 years
male:
73.94 years
female:
81.64 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.7 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s)
adjective:
Monacan or Monegasque
Ethnic divisions:
French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
Religions:
Roman Catholic 95%
Languages:
French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
Literacy:
total population:
NA%
male:
NA%
female:
NA%
Labor force:
NA
@Monaco, Government
Names:
conventional long form:
Principality of Monaco
conventional short form:
Monaco
local long form:
Principaute de Monaco
local short form:
Monaco
Digraph:
MN
Type:
constitutional monarchy
Capital:
Monaco
Administrative divisions:
4 quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La
Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
Independence:
1419 (rule by the House of Grimaldi)
National holiday:
National Day, 19 November
Constitution:
17 December 1962
Legal system:
based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
25 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
Prince RAINIER III (since NA November 1949); Heir Apparent Prince
ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre (born 14 March 1958)
head of government:
Minister of State Jacques DUPONT (since NA 1991)
cabinet:
Council of Government; under the authority of the Prince
Legislative branch:
unicameral
National Council (Conseil National):
elections last held on 24 January 1988 (next to be held NA); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (18 total) UND 18
Judicial branch:
Supreme Tribunal (Tribunal Supreme)
Political parties and leaders:
National and Democratic Union (UND); Democratic Union Movement (MUD);
Monaco Action; Monegasque Socialist Party (PSM)
Member of:
ACCT, CSCE, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, IMF (observer), IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT,
INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
Diplomatic representation in US:
honorary consulate(s) general:
Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco,
San Juan (Puerto Rico)
honorary consulate(s):
Dallas, Palm Beach, Philadelphia, and Washington
US diplomatic representation:
no mission in Monaco, but the US Consul General in Marseille, France,
is accredited to Monaco
Flag:
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag
of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white
(top) and red
@Monaco, Economy
Overview:
Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular
resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The
Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and
small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no
income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for
individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies
that have set up businesses and offices. About 50% of Monaco's annual
revenue comes from value-added taxes on hotels, banks, and the
industrial sector; about 25% of revenue comes from tourism. Living
standards are high, that is, roughly comparable to those in prosperous
French metropolitan suburbs.
National product:
GDP - exchange rate conversion - $475 million (1991 est.)
National product real growth rate:
NA%
National product per capita:
$16,000 (1991 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
NA%
Unemployment rate:
NEGL%
Budget:
revenues:
$424 million
expenditures:
$376 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1991 est.)
Exports:
$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates
Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through
customs union with France
Imports:
$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates
Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through
customs union with France
External debt:
$NA
Industrial production:
growth rate NA%
Electricity:
capacity:
10,000 kW standby; power imported from France
production:
NA
consumption per capita:
NA (1992)
Agriculture:
none
Economic aid:
$NA
Currency:
1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes
Exchange rates:
French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.9205 (January 1994), 5.6632 (1993),
5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
@Monaco, Communications
Railroads:
1.6 km 1.435-meter gauge
Highways:
none; city streets
Ports:
Monaco
Merchant marine:
1 oil tanker (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,268 GRT/4,959 DWT
Airports:
1 usable airfield with permanent-surface runways
Telecommunications:
served by cable into the French communications system; automatic
telephone system; 38,200 telephones; broadcast stations - 3 AM, 4 FM,
5 TV; no communication satellite earth stations
@Monaco, Defense Forces
Note:
defense is the responsibility of France
@Mongolia, Geography
Location:
Northern Asia, between China and Russia
Map references:
Asia, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
1.565 million sq km
land area:
1.565 million sq km
comparative area:
slightly larger than Alaska
Land boundaries:
total 8,114 km, China 4,673 km, Russia 3,441 km
Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
none; landlocked
International disputes:
none
Climate:
desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges)
Terrain:
vast semidesert and desert plains; mountains in west and southwest;
Gobi Desert in southeast
Natural resources:
oil, coal, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel,
zinc, wolfram, fluorspar, gold
Land use:
arable land:
1%
permanent crops:
0%
meadows and pastures:
79%
forest and woodland:
10%
other:
10%
Irrigated land:
770 sq km (1989)
Environment:
current issues:
limited water resources; policies of the former communist regime
promoting rapid urbanization and industrial growth have raised
concerns about their negative effects on the environment; the burning
of soft coal and the concentration of factories in Ulaanbaatar have
severely polluted the air; deforestation, overgrazing, the converting
of virgin land to agricultural production have increased soil erosion
from wind and rain; desertification
natural hazards:
NA
international agreements:
party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification,
Nuclear Test Ban; signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea
Note:
landlocked; strategic location between China and Russia
@Mongolia, People
Population:
2,429,762 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
2.61% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
33.04 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
6.99 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
43.4 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
66.16 years
male:
63.9 years
female:
68.52 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
4.33 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Mongolian(s)
adjective:
Mongolian
Ethnic divisions:
Mongol 90%, Kazakh 4%, Chinese 2%, Russian 2%, other 2%
Religions:
predominantly Tibetan Buddhist, Muslim 4%
note:
previously limited religious activity because of Communist regime
Languages:
Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian, Chinese
Literacy:
total population:
NA%
male:
NA%
female:
NA%
Labor force:
NA
by occupation:
primarily herding/agricultural
note:
over half the adult population is in the labor force, including a
large percentage of women; shortage of skilled labor
@Mongolia, Government
Names:
conventional long form:
none
conventional short form:
Mongolia
local long form:
none
local short form:
Mongol Uls
former:
Outer Mongolia
Digraph:
MG
Type:
republic
Capital:
Ulaanbaatar
Administrative divisions:
18 provinces (aymguud, singular - aymag) and 3 municipalities*
(hotuud, singular - hot); Arhangay, Bayanhongor, Bayan-Olgiy, Bulgan,
Darhan*, Dornod, Dornogovi, Dundgovi, Dzavhan, Erdenet*, Govi-Altay,
Hentiy, Hovd, Hovsgol, Omnogovi, Ovorhangay, Selenge, Suhbaatar, Tov,
Ulaanbaatar*, Uvs
Independence:
13 March 1921 (from China)
National holiday:
National Day, 11 July (1921)
Constitution:
adopted 13 January 1992
Legal system:
blend of Russian, Chinese, and Turkish systems of law; no
constitutional provision for judicial review of legislative acts; has
not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
President Punsalmaagiyn OCHIRBAT (since 3 September 1990); election
last held 6 June 1993 (next to be held NA 1997); results -
Punsalmaagiyn OCHIRBAT (MNDP and MSDP) elected directly with 57.8% of
the vote; other candidate Lodongiyn TUDEV (MPRP)
head of government:
Prime Minister Putsagiyn JASRAY (since 3 August 1992); Deputy Prime
Ministers Lhamsuren ENEBISH and Choijilsurengiyn PUREVDORJ (since NA)
cabinet:
Cabinet; appointed by the Great Hural
Legislative branch:
unicameral
State Great Hural:
elections first time held 28 June 1992 (next to be held NA); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (76 total) MPRP 71, United Party
4, MSDP 1
note:
the People's Small Hural no longer exists
Judicial branch:
Supreme Court serves as appeals court for people's and provincial
courts, but to date rarely overturns verdicts of lower courts
Political parties and leaders:
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP), Budragchagiin
DASH-YONDON, secretary general; Mongolian Democratic Party (MDP),
Erdenijiyn BAT-UUL, general coordinator; National Progress Party
(NPP), S. BYAMBAA and Luusandambyn DASHNYAM, leaders; Social
Democratic Party (SDP), BATBAYAR and Tsohiogyyn ADYASUREN, leaders;
Mongolian Independence Party (MIP), D. ZORIGT, leader; United Party of
Mongolia (made up of the MDP, SDP, and NPP); Mongolian National
Democratic Party (MNDP), D. GANBOLD, chairman; Mongolian Social
Democratic Party (MSDP), B. BATBAYAR, chairman; Mongolian Conservative
Party, O. ZOYA; Mongolian Green Party (MGP), M. GANBAT
note:
opposition parties were legalized in May 1990
Member of:
AsDB, CCC, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, ILO, IMF,
INTELSAT (nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, LORCS, NAM
(observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Luvsandorj DAWAGIV
chancery:
2833 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20007
telephone:
(202) 333-7117
FAX:
(202) 298-9227
consulate(s) general:
New York
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Donald C. JOHNSON
embassy:
address NA, Ulaanbaatar
mailing address:
Ulaanbaatar, c/o American Embassy Beijing, Micro Region II, Big Ring
Road; PSC 461, Box 300, FPO AP 96521-0002
telephone:
[976] (1) 329095 through 329606
FAX:
[976] (1) 320-776
Flag:
three equal, vertical bands of red (hoist side), blue, and red,
centered on the hoist-side red band in yellow is the national emblem
("soyombo" - a columnar arrangement of abstract and geometric
representation for fire, sun, moon, earth, water, and the yin-yang
symbol)
@Mongolia, Economy
Overview:
Mongolia's severe climate, scattered population, and wide expanses of
unproductive land have constrained economic development. Economic
activity traditionally has been based on agriculture and the breeding
of livestock - Mongolia has the highest number of livestock per person
in the world. In past years extensive mineral resources had been
developed with Soviet support; total Soviet assistance at its height
amounted to 30% of GDP. The mining and processing of coal, copper,
molybdenum, tin, tungsten, and gold account for a large part of
industrial production. Timber and fishing are also important sectors.
The Mongolian leadership is trying to make the transition from
Soviet-style central planning to a market economy through
privatization and price reform, and is soliciting support from
international financial agencies and foreign investors. The economy,
however, has still not recovered from the loss of Soviet aid, and the
country continues to suffer substantial economic hardships.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $2.8 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
-1.3% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
$1,200 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
325% (1992 est.)
Unemployment rate:
15% (1991 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
$NA
expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (1991 est.)
note:
deficit of $67 million
Exports:
$355 million (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
commodities:
copper, livestock, animal products, cashmere, wool, hides, fluorspar,
other nonferrous metals
partners:
former CMEA countries 62%, China 17%, EC 8% (1992)
Imports:
$501 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
commodities:
machinery and equipment, fuels, food products, industrial consumer
goods, chemicals, building materials, sugar, tea
partners:
USSR 75%, Austria 5%, China 5%
External debt:
$16.8 billion (yearend 1990); 98.6% with USSR
Industrial production:
growth rate -15% (1992 est.); accounts for about 42% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
1,248,000 kW
production:
3,740 kWh
consumption per capita:
1,622 kWh (1992)
Industries:
copper, processing of animal products, building materials, food and
beverage, mining (particularly coal)
Agriculture:
accounts for about 35% of GDP and provides livelihood for about 50% of
the population; livestock raising predominates (primarily sheep and
goats, but also cattle, camels, and horses); crops - wheat, barley,
potatoes, forage
Economic aid:
NA
Currency:
1 tughrik (Tug) = 100 mongos
Exchange rates:
tughriks (Tug) per US$1 - 150 (1 January 1993), 40 (1992), 7.1 (1991),
5.63 (1990), 3.00 (1989)
note:
the exchange rate 40 tughriks = 1US$ was introduced June 1991 and was
in force to the end of 1992
Fiscal year:
calendar year
@Mongolia, Communications
Railroads:
1,750 km 1.524-meter broad gauge (1988)
Highways:
total:
46,700 km
paved:
1,000 km
unpaved:
45,700 km (1988)
Inland waterways:
397 km of principal routes (1988)
Ports:
none; landlocked
Airports:
total:
81
usable:
31
with permanent-surface runways:
11
with runways over 3,659 m:
fewer than 5
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
fewer than 20
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
12
Telecommunications:
63,000 telephones (1989); broadcast stations - 12 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV (with
18 provincial repeaters); repeat of Russian TV; 120,000 TVs; 220,000
radios; at least 1 earth station
@Mongolia, Defense Forces
Branches:
Mongolian People's Army (includes Internal Security Forces and
Frontier Guards), Air Force
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 587,113; fit for military service 382,633; reach
military age (18) annually 25,261 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $22.8 million of GDP, 1% of GDP (1992)
@Montserrat
Header
Affiliation:
(dependent territory of the UK)
@Montserrat, Geography
Location:
Caribbean, in the eastern Caribbean Sea, about 400 km southeast of
Puerto Rico
Map references:
Central America and the Caribbean
Area:
total area:
100 sq km
land area:
100 sq km
comparative area:
about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
0 km
Coastline:
40 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone:
200 nm
territorial sea:
3 nm
International disputes:
none
Climate:
tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation
Terrain:
volcanic islands, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland
Natural resources:
negligible
Land use:
arable land:
20%
permanent crops:
0%
meadows and pastures:
10%
forest and woodland:
40%
other:
30%
Irrigated land:
NA sq km
Environment:
current issues:
NA
natural hazards:
subject to severe hurricanes (June to November)
international agreements:
NA
Note:
located 400 km east southeast of Puerto Rico in the Caribbean Sea
@Montserrat, People
Population:
12,701 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.33% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
15.93 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
9.79 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
-2.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
11.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
75.73 years
male:
73.96 years
female:
77.53 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
2.05 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Montserratian(s)
adjective:
Montserratian
Ethnic divisions:
black, Europeans
Religions:
Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day
Adventist, other Christian denominations
Languages:
English
Literacy:
age 15 and over having ever attended school (1970)
total population:
97%
male:
97%
female:
97%
Labor force:
5,100
by occupation:
community, social, and personal services 40.5%, construction 13.5%,
trade, restaurants, and hotels 12.3%, manufacturing 10.5%,
agriculture, forestry, and fishing 8.8%, other 14.4% (1983 est.)
@Montserrat, Government
Names:
conventional long form:
none
conventional short form:
Montserrat
Digraph:
MH
Type:
dependent territory of the UK
Capital:
Plymouth
Administrative divisions:
3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter
Independence:
none (dependent territory of the UK)
National holiday:
Celebration of the Birthday of the Queen (second Saturday of June)
Constitution:
present constitution came into force 19 December 1989
Legal system:
English common law and statute law
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor
Frank SAVAGE (since NA February 1993)
head of government:
Chief Minister Reuben T. MEADE (since October 1991)
cabinet:
Executive Council; consists of the governor, the chief minister, three
other ministries, the attorney-general, and the finance secretary
Legislative branch:
unicameral
Legislative Council:
elections last held on 8 October 1991; results - percent of vote by
party NA; seats - (11 total, 7 elected) NPP 4, NDP 1, PLM 1,
independent 1
Judicial branch:
Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders:
National Progressive Party (NPP) Reuben T. MEADE; People's Liberation
Movement (PLM), Noel TUITT; National Development Party (NDP), Bertrand
OSBORNE; Independent (IND), Ruby BRAMBLE
Member of:
CARICOM, CDB, ECLAC (associate), ICFTU, INTERPOL (subbureau), OECS,
WCL
Diplomatic representation in US:
none (dependent territory of the UK)
US diplomatic representation:
none (dependent territory of the UK)
Flag:
blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the
Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the
coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her
arm around a black cross
@Montserrat, Economy