More than 90% of this command economy is socialized; agricultural land
is collectivized; and state-owned industry produces 95% of
manufactured goods. State control of economic affairs is unusually
tight even for a Communist country because of the small size and
homogeneity of the society and the strict rule of KIM Il-song and his
son, KIM Chong-il. Economic growth during the period 1984-88 averaged
2%-3%, but output declined by 3%-5% annually during 1989-92 because of
systemic problems and disruptions in socialist-style economic
relations with the former USSR and China. In 1992, output dropped
sharply, by perhaps 7%-9%, as the economy felt the cumulative effect
of the reduction in outside support. The leadership insisted on
maintaining its high level of military outlays from a shrinking
economic pie. Moreover, a serious drawdown in inventories and critical
shortages in the energy sector have led to increasing interruptions in
industrial production. Abundant mineral resources and hydropower have
formed the basis of industrial development since WWII. Output of the
extractive industries includes coal, iron ore, magnesite, graphite,
copper, zinc, lead, and precious metals. Manufacturing is centered on
heavy industry, including military industry, with light industry
lagging far behind. Despite the use of improved seed varieties,
expansion of irrigation, and the heavy use of fertilizers, North Korea
has not yet become self-sufficient in food production. Six consecutive
years of poor harvests, coupled with distribution problems, have led
to chronic food shortages. North Korea remains far behind South Korea
in economic development and living standards.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $22 billion (1992 est.)
National product real growth rate:
-7 to -9% (1992 est.)
National product per capita:
$1,000 (1992 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
NA%
Unemployment rate:
NA%
Budget:
revenues:
$19.3 billion
expenditures:
$19.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.)
Exports:
$1.3 billion (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
commodities:
minerals, metallurgical products, agricultural and fishery products,
manufactures (including armaments)
partners:
China, Japan, Russia, South Korea, Germany, Hong Kong, Mexico
Imports:
$1.9 billion (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
commodities:
petroleum, grain, coking coal, machinery and equipment, consumer goods
partners:
China, Russia, Japan, Hong Kong, Germany, Singapore
External debt:
$8 billion (1992 est.)
Industrial production:
growth rate -7% to -9% (1992 est.)
Electricity:
capacity:
7,300,000 kW
production:
26 billion kWh
consumption per capita:
1,160 kWh (1992)
Industries:
machine building, military products, electric power, chemicals,
mining, metallurgy, textiles, food processing
Agriculture:
accounts for about 25% of GNP and 36% of work force; principal crops -
rice, corn, potatoes, soybeans, pulses; livestock and livestock
products - cattle, hogs, pork, eggs; not self-sufficient in grain
Economic aid:
recipient:
Communist countries, $1.4 billion a year in the 1980s, but very little
now
Currency:
1 North Korean won (Wn) = 100 chon
Exchange rates:
North Korean won (Wn) per US$1 - 2.15 (May 1994), 2.13 (May 1992),
2.14 (September 1991), 2.1 (January 1990), 2.3 (December 1989)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
@Korea, North, Communications
Railroads:
4,915 km total; 4,250 km 1.435-meter standard gauge, 665 km
0.762-meter narrow gauge; 159 km double track; 3,084 km electrified;
government owned (1989)
Highways:
total:
30,000 km
paved:
1,440 km
unpaved:
gravel, crushed stone, earth 28,560 km (1991)
Inland waterways:
2,253 km; mostly navigable by small craft only
Pipelines:
crude oil 37 km
Ports:
primary - Ch'ongjin, Hungnam (Hamhung), Najin, Namp'o, Wonsan;
secondary - Haeju, Kimch'aek, Kosong, Sinuiju, Songnim, Sonbong
(formerly Unggi), Ungsang
Merchant marine:
83 ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 706,497 GRT/1,114,827 DWT, bulk
9, cargo 67, combination bulk 1, oil tanker 2, passenger 1,
passenger-cargo 2, short-sea passenger 1
Airports:
total:
55
usable:
55 (est.)
with permanent-surface runways:
about 30
with runways over 3,659 m:
fewer than 5
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
20
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
30
Telecommunications:
broadcast stations - 18 AM, no FM, 11 TV; 300,000 TV sets (1989);
3,500,000 radio receivers; 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station
@Korea, North, Defense Forces
Branches:
Korean People's Army (including the Army, Navy, Air Force), Civil
Security Forces
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 6,658,529; fit for military service 4,044,355; reach
military age (18) annually 196,763 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - about $5 billion, 20%-25% of GNP (1991
est.); note - the officially announced but suspect figure is $2.2
billion (1994), about 12% of total spending
@Korea, South, Geography
Location:
Eastern Asia, between North Korea and Japan
Map references:
Asia, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
98,480 sq km
land area:
98,190 sq km
comparative area:
slightly larger than Indiana
Land boundaries:
total 238 km, North Korea 238 km
Coastline:
2,413 km
Maritime claims:
continental shelf:
not specified
territorial sea:
12 nm; 3 nm in the Korea Strait
International disputes:
Demarcation Line with North Korea; Liancourt Rocks claimed by Japan
Climate:
temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter
Terrain:
mostly hills and mountains; wide coastal plains in west and south
Natural resources:
coal, tungsten, graphite, molybdenum, lead, hydropower
Land use:
arable land:
21%
permanent crops:
1%
meadows and pastures:
1%
forest and woodland:
67%
other:
10%
Irrigated land:
13,530 sq km (1989)
Environment:
current issues:
air pollution in large cities; water pollution from the discharge of
sewage and industrial effluents
natural hazards:
occasional typhoons bring high winds and floods; earthquakes in
southwest
international agreements:
party to - Antarctic Treaty, Climate Change, Environmental
Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer
Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber, Whaling; signed, but not
ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Law of the
Sea
@Korea, South, People
Population:
45,082,880 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
1.04% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
15.7 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
6.17 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
0.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
21.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
70.59 years
male:
67.39 years
female:
73.98 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.65 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Korean(s)
adjective:
Korean
Ethnic divisions:
homogeneous (except for about 20,000 Chinese)
Religions:
Christianity 48.6%, Buddhism 47.4%, Confucianism 3%, pervasive folk
religion (shamanism), Chondogyo (Religion of the Heavenly Way) 0.2%
Languages:
Korean, English widely taught in high school
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
total population:
96%
male:
99%
female:
99%
Labor force:
20 million
by occupation:
services and other 52%, mining and manufacturing 27%, agriculture,
fishing, forestry 21% (1991)
@Korea, South, Government
Names:
conventional long form:
Republic of Korea
conventional short form:
South Korea
local long form:
Taehan-min'guk
local short form:
none
Abbreviation:
ROK
Digraph:
KS
Type:
republic
Capital:
Seoul
Administrative divisions:
9 provinces (do, singular and plural) and 6 special cities* (jikhalsi,
singular and plural); Cheju-do, Cholla-bukto, Cholla-namdo,
Ch'ungch'ong-bukto, Ch'ungch'ong-namdo, Inch'on-jikhalsi*, Kangwon-do,
Kwangju-jikhalsi*, Kyonggi-do, Kyongsang-bukto, Kyongsang-namdo,
Pusan-jikhalsi*, Soul-t'ukpyolsi*, Taegu-jikhalsi*, Taejon-jikhalsi*
Independence:
15 August 1948
National holiday:
Independence Day, 15 August (1948)
Constitution:
25 February 1988
Legal system:
combines elements of continental European civil law systems,
Anglo-American law, and Chinese classical thought
Suffrage:
20 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
President KIM Yong-sam (since 25 February 1993); election last held on
18 December 1992 (next to be held NA December 1997); results - KIM
Yong-sam (DLP) 41.9%, KIM Tae-chung (DP) 33.8%, CHONG Chu-yong (UPP)
16.3%, other 8%
head of government:
Prime Minister YI Yong-tok (since 29 April 1994); Deputy Prime
Minister CHONG Chae-sok (since 21 December 1993) and Deputy Prime
Minister YI Hong-ku (since 30 April 1994)
cabinet:
State Council; appointed by the president on the prime minister's
recommendation
Legislative branch:
unicameral
National Assembly (Kukhoe):
elections last held on 24 March 1992; results - DLP 38.5%, DP 29.2%,
Unification National Party (UNP) 17.3% (name later changed to UPP),
other 15%; seats - (299 total) DLP 149, DP 97, UNP 31, other 22; the
distribution of seats as of January 1994 was DLP 172, DP 96, UPP 11,
other 20
note:
the change in the distribution of seats reflects the fluidity of the
current situation where party members are constantly switching from
one party to another
Judicial branch:
Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders:
majority party:
Democratic Liberal Party (DLP), KIM Yong-sam, president
opposition:
Democratic Party (DP), YI Ki-taek, executive chairman; United People's
Party (UPP), KIM Tong-kil, chairman; several smaller parties
note:
the DLP resulted from a merger of the Democratic Justice Party (DJP),
Reunification Democratic Party (RDP), and New Democratic Republican
Party (NDRP) on 9 February 1990
Other political or pressure groups:
Korean National Council of Churches; National Democratic Alliance of
Korea; National Federation of Student Associations; National
Federation of Farmers' Associations; National Council of Labor Unions;
Federation of Korean Trade Unions; Korean Veterans' Association;
Federation of Korean Industries; Korean Traders Association
Member of:
AfDB, APEC, AsDB, CCC, COCOM (cooperating), CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO,
G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF,
IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LORCS, OAS
(observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOSOM, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador HAN Sung-su
chancery:
2450 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
(202) 939-5600
consulate(s) general:
Agana (Guam), Anchorage, Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Honolulu, Houston,
Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco, and Seattle
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
Ambassador James T. LANEY
embassy:
82 Sejong-Ro, Chongro-ku, Seoul
mailing address:
American Embassy, Unit 15550, Seoul; APO AP 96205-0001
telephone:
[82] (2) 397-4000 through 4008 and 397-4114
FAX:
[82] (2) 738-8845
consulate(s):
Pusan
Flag:
white with a red (top) and blue yin-yang symbol in the center; there
is a different black trigram from the ancient I Ching (Book of
Changes) in each corner of the white field
@Korea, South, Economy
Overview:
The driving force behind the economy's dynamic growth has been the
planned development of an export-oriented economy in a vigorously
entrepreneurial society. Real GNP increased more than 10% annually
between 1986 and 1991. This growth ultimately led to an overheated
situation characterized by a tight labor market, strong inflationary
pressures, and a rapidly rising current account deficit. As a result,
in 1992, economic policy focused on slowing the growth rate of
inflation and reducing the deficit. Annual growth slowed to 5%, still
above the rate in most other countries of the world. Growth increased
to 6.3% in 1993 as a result of fourth quarter manufacturing production
growth of over 10% and is expected to be in the 8% range for 1994.
National product:
GNP - purchasing power equivalent - $424 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
6.3% (1993)
National product per capita:
$9,500 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
4.8% (1993)
Unemployment rate:
2.6% (October 1993)
Budget:
revenues:
$48.4 billion
expenditures:
$48.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1993 est.)
Exports:
$81 billion (f.o.b., 1993)
commodities:
electronic and electrical equipment, machinery, steel, automobiles,
ships, textiles, clothing, footwear, fish
partners:
US 26%, Japan 17%, EC 14%
Imports:
$78.9 billion (c.i.f., 1993)
commodities:
machinery, electronics and electronic equipment, oil, steel, transport
equipment, textiles, organic chemicals, grains
partners:
Japan 26%, US 24%, EC 15%
External debt:
$42 billion (1992)
Industrial production:
growth rate 5% (1992 est.); accounts for about 45% of GNP
Electricity:
capacity:
27,016 kW (1993)
production:
105 billion kWh (1992)
consumption per capita:
2,380 kWh (1992)
Industries:
electronics, automobile production, chemicals, shipbuilding, steel,
textiles, clothing, footwear, food processing
Agriculture:
accounts for 8% of GNP and employs 21% of work force (including
fishing and forestry); principal crops - rice, root crops, barley,
vegetables, fruit; livestock and livestock products - cattle, hogs,
chickens, milk, eggs; self-sufficient in food, except for wheat; fish
catch of 2.9 million metric tons, seventh-largest in world
Economic aid:
recipient:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $3.9 billion; non-US
countries (1970-89), $3 billion
Currency:
1 South Korean won (W) = 100 chun (theoretical)
Exchange rates:
South Korean won (W) per US$1 - 810.48 (January 1994), 802.68 (1993),
780.65 (1992), 733.35 (1991), 707.76 (1990), 671.46 (1989)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
@Korea, South, Communications
Railroads:
3,091 km total (1991); 3,044 km 1.435 meter standard gauge, 47 km
0.610-meter narrow gauge, 847 km double track; 525 km electrified,
government owned
Highways:
total:
63,201 km
paved:
expressways 1,551 km
unpaved:
NA
undifferentiated:
national highway 12,190 km; provincial, local roads 49,460 km (1991)
Inland waterways:
1,609 km; use restricted to small native craft
Pipelines:
petroleum products 455 km
Ports:
Pusan, Inch'on, Kunsan, Mokp'o, Ulsan
Merchant marine:
417 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,425,920 GRT/10,535,850 DWT,
bulk 123, cargo 132, chemical tanker 16, combination bulk 2,
combination ore/oil 2, container 60, liquefied gas 13, multifunction
large-load carrier 1, oil tanker 47, refrigerated cargo 11, short-sea
passenger 1, vehicle carrier 9
Airports:
total:
104
usable:
95
with permanent-surface runways:
61
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
23
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
18
Telecommunications:
excellent domestic and international services; 13,276,449 telephone
subscribers; broadcast stations - 79 AM, 46 FM, 256 TV (57 of 1 kW or
greater); satellite earth stations - 2 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT and 1
Indian Ocean INTELSAT
@Korea, South, Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 13,435,598; fit for military service 8,623,325; reach
military age (18) annually 417,055 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $13.0 billion, 3.6% of GNP (1994 est.)
@Kuwait, Geography
Location:
Middle East, at the head of the Persian Gulf, between Iraq and Saudi
Arabia
Map references:
Africa, Middle East, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
17,820 sq km
land area:
17,820 sq km
comparative area:
slightly smaller than New Jersey
Land boundaries:
total 464 km, Iraq 242 km, Saudi Arabia 222 km
Coastline:
499 km
Maritime claims:
continental shelf:
not specified
territorial sea:
12 nm
International disputes:
in April 1991 Iraq officially accepted UN Security Council Resolution
687, which demands that Iraq accept the inviolability of the boundary
set forth in its 1963 agreement with Kuwait, ending earlier claims to
Bubiyan and Warbah islands, or to all of Kuwait; the 20 May 1993 final
report of the UN Iraq/Kuwait Boundary Demarcation Commission was
welcomed by the Security Council in Resolution 833 of 27 May 1993,
which also reaffirmed that the decisions of the commission on the
boundary were final, bringing to a completion the official demarcation
of the Iraq-Kuwait boundary; Iraqi officials still refuse to
unconditionally recognize Kuwaiti sovereignty of the inviolability of
the UN demarcated border; ownership of Qaruh and Umm al Maradim
islands disputed by Saudi Arabia
Climate:
dry desert; intensely hot summers; short, cool winters
Terrain:
flat to slightly undulating desert plain
Natural resources:
petroleum, fish, shrimp, natural gas
Land use:
arable land:
0%
permanent crops:
0%
meadows and pastures:
8%
forest and woodland:
0%
other:
92%
Irrigated land:
20 sq km (1989 est.)
Environment:
current issues:
some of world's largest and most sophisticated desalination facilities
provide much of the water; air and water pollution; desertification
natural hazards:
NA
international agreements:
party to - Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the
Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not
ratified - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Marine Dumping
Note:
strategic location at head of Persian Gulf
@Kuwait, People
Population:
1,819,322 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
5.24% (1994 est.)
note:
this rate reflects the continued post-Gulf crisis return of nationals
and expatriates
Birth rate:
29.43 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
2.37 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
25.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
12.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
74.99 years
male:
72.83 years
female:
77.25 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
4 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Kuwaiti(s)
adjective:
Kuwaiti
Ethnic divisions:
Kuwaiti 45%, other Arab 35%, South Asian 9%, Iranian 4%, other 7%
Religions:
Muslim 85% (Shi'a 30%, Sunni 45%, other 10%), Christian, Hindu, Parsi,
and other 15%
Languages:
Arabic (official), English widely spoken
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
total population:
73%
male:
77%
female:
67%
Labor force:
566,000 (1986)
by occupation:
services 45.0%, construction 20.0%, trade 12.0%, manufacturing 8.6%,
finance and real estate 2.6%, agriculture 1.9%, power and water 1.7%,
mining and quarrying 1.4%
note:
70% of labor force non-Kuwaiti (1986)
@Kuwait, Government
Names:
conventional long form:
State of Kuwait
conventional short form:
Kuwait
local long form:
Dawlat al Kuwayt
local short form:
Al Kuwayt
Digraph:
KU
Type:
nominal constitutional monarchy
Capital:
Kuwait
Administrative divisions:
5 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Al 'Ahmadi, Al
Jahrah, Al Kuwayt, Hawalli, Al Farwaniyah
Independence:
19 June 1961 (from UK)
National holiday:
National Day, 25 February (1948)
Constitution:
16 November 1962 (some provisions suspended since 29 August 1962)
Legal system:
civil law system with Islamic law significant in personal matters; has
not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
adult males who resided in Kuwait before 1920 and their male
descendants at age 21
note:
only 10% of all citizens are eligible to vote
Executive branch:
chief of state:
Amir Shaykh JABIR al-Ahmad al-Jabir Al Sabah (since 31 December 1977)
head of government:
Prime Minister and Crown Prince SAAD al-Abdallah al-Salim Al Sabah
(since 8 February 1978); Deputy Prime Minister SABAH al-Ahmad al-Jabir
Al Sabah (since 17 October 1992)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers; appointed by the Prime Minister and approved by
the Amir
Legislative branch:
unicameral
National Assembly (Majlis al-umma):
dissolved 3 July 1986; new elections were held on 5 October 1992 with
a second election in the 14th and 16th constituencies held February
1993
Judicial branch:
High Court of Appeal
Political parties and leaders:
none
Other political or pressure groups:
small, clandestine leftist and Shi'a fundamentalist groups are active;
several groups critical of government policies are publicly active
Member of:
ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, BDEAC, CAEU, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GATT, GCC,
IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT,
INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAPEC,
OIC, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador MUHAMMAD al-Sabah al-Salim al-Sabah
chancery:
2940 Tilden Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
(202) 966-0702
FAX:
(202) 966-0517
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
Ambassador-designate Ryan CROCKER
embassy:
Bneid al-Gar (opposite the Kuwait International Hotel), Kuwait City
mailing address:
P.O. Box 77 SAFAT, 13001 SAFAT, Kuwait; Unit 69000, Kuwait; APO AE
09880-9000
telephone:
[965] 242-4151 through 4159
FAX:
[956] 244-2855
Flag:
three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a
black trapezoid based on the hoist side
@Kuwait, Economy
Overview:
Kuwait is a small and relatively open economy with proven crude oil
reserves of about 94 billion barrels - 10% of world reserves. Kuwait
has rebuilt its war-ravaged petroleum sector; its crude oil production
reached at least 2.0 million barrels per day by the end of 1993. The
government ran a sizable fiscal deficit in 1993. Petroleum accounts
for nearly half of GDP and 90% of export and government revenues.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $25.7 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
15% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
$15,100 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
3% (1993)
Unemployment rate:
NEGL% (1992 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
$9 billion
expenditures:
$13 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY93)
Exports:
$10.5 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
oil
partners:
France 16%, Italy 15%, Japan 12%, UK 11%
Imports:
$6 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
food, construction materials, vehicles and parts, clothing
partners:
US 35%, Japan 12%, UK 9%, Canada 9%
External debt:
$7.2 billion (December 1989 est.)
note:
external debt has grown substantially in 1991 and 1992 to pay for
restoration of war damage
Industrial production:
growth rate NA%; accounts for NA% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
6,873,000 kW available out of 7,398,000 kW due to Persian Gulf war
production:
12.264 billion kWh
consumption per capita:
8,890 kWh (1992)
Industries:
petroleum, petrochemicals, desalination, food processing, building
materials, salt, construction
Agriculture:
practically none; dependent on imports for food; about 75% of potable
water must be distilled or imported
Economic aid:
donor:
pledged bilateral aid to less developed countries (1979-89), $18.3
billion
Currency:
1 Kuwaiti dinar (KD) = 1,000 fils
Exchange rates:
Kuwaiti dinars (KD) per US$1 - 0.2982 (January 1994), 0.3017 (1993),
0.2934 (1992), 0.2843 (1991), 0.2915 (1990), 0.2937 (1989)
Fiscal year:
1 July - 30 June
@Kuwait, Communications
Railroads:
none
Highways:
total:
3,900 km
paved:
bituminous 3,000 km
unpaved:
gravel, sand, earth 900 km
Pipelines:
crude oil 877 km; petroleum products 40 km; natural gas 165 km
Ports:
Ash Shu'aybah, Ash Shuwaykh, Mina' al Ahmadi, Mina' 'Abd Allah, Mina'
Su'ud
Merchant marine:
46 ships (1,000 GRT or over), totaling 2,153,693 GRT/3,561,568 DWT,
cargo 10, container 2, liquefied gas 7, livestock carrier 4, oil
tanker 23
Airports:
total:
7
usable:
4
with permanent-surface runways:
4
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
4
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
0
Telecommunications:
civil network suffered extensive damage as a result of the Gulf war
and reconstruction is still under way with some restored international
and domestic capabilities; broadcast stations - 3 AM, 0 FM, 3 TV;
satellite earth stations - destroyed during Gulf war and not rebuilt
yet; temporary mobile satellite ground stations provide international
telecommunications; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Saudi
Arabia; service to Iraq is nonoperational
@Kuwait, Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Navy, Air Force, National Police Force, National Guard
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 537,696; fit for military service 321,767; reach
military age (18) annually 15,354 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $2.5 billion, 7.3% of GDP (FY92/93)
@Kyrgyzstan, Geography