The Bulgarian economy continued its painful adjustment in 1993 from
the misdirected development undertaken during four decades of
Communist rule. Many aspects of a market economy have been put in
place and have begun to function, but much of the economy, especially
the industrial sector, has yet to re-establish market links lost with
the collapse of other centrally planned Eastern European economies.
The prices of many imported industrial inputs, especially energy
products, have risen markedly, and falling real wages have not
sufficed to restore competitiveness. The trade deficit, exacerbated by
UN trade sanctions against neighboring Serbia, grew in late 1993,
accelerating the depreciation of the lev. These difficulties in
adjusting to the challenges of a more open system, together with a
severe drought, caused nonagricultural output to fall by perhaps 8% in
1993. The government plans more extensive privatization in 1994 to
improve the management of state enterprises and to encourage foreign
investment in ailing state firms. Bulgaria resumed payments on its $10
billion in commercial debt in 1993 following the negotiation of a 50%
write-off. An IMF program and second agreement with official creditors
on Bulgaria's smaller amount of official debt are required to close
the debt deal.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $33.9 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
-4% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
$3,800 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
64% (1993)
Unemployment rate:
16% (1993)
Budget:
revenues:
$14 billion
expenditures:
$17.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $610 million (1993
est.)
Exports:
$3.5 billion (f.o.b., 1991)
commodities:
machinery and equipment 30.6%; agricultural products 24%; manufactured
consumer goods 22.2%; fuels, minerals, raw materials, and metals
10.5%; other 12.7% (1991)
partners:
former CEMA countries 57.7% (USSR 48.6%, Poland 2.1%, Czechoslovakia
0.9%); developed countries 26.3% (Germany 4.8%, Greece 2.2%); less
developed countries 15.9% (Libya 2.1%, Iran 0.7%) (1991)
Imports:
$2.8 billion (f.o.b., 1991)
commodities:
fuels, minerals, and raw materials 58.7%; machinery and equipment
15.8%; manufactured consumer goods 4.4%; agricultural products 15.2%;
other 5.9%
partners:
former CEMA countries 51.0% (former USSR 43.2%, Poland 3.7%);
developed countries 32.8% (Germany 7.0%, Austria 4.7%); less developed
countries 16.2% (Iran 2.8%, Libya 2.5%)
External debt:
$12 billion (1993)
Industrial production:
growth rate -10% (1993 est.); accounts for about 37% of GDP (1990)
Electricity:
capacity:
11,500,000 kW
production:
45 billion kWh
consumption per capita:
5,070 kWh (1992)
Industries:
machine building and metal working, food processing, chemicals,
textiles, building materials, ferrous and nonferrous metals
Agriculture:
climate and soil conditions support livestock raising and the growing
of various grain crops, oilseeds, vegetables, fruits, and tobacco;
more than one-third of the arable land devoted to grain; world's
fourth-largest tobacco exporter; surplus food producer
Illicit drugs:
transshipment point for southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan
route
Economic aid:
$NA
Currency:
1 lev (Lv) = 100 stotinki
Exchange rates:
leva (Lv) per US$1 - 32.00 (January 1994), 24.56 (January 1993), 17.18
(January 1992), 16.13 (March 1991), 0.7446 (November 1990), 0.84
(1989); note - floating exchange rate since February 1991
Fiscal year:
calendar year
@Bulgaria, Communications
Railroads:
4,300 km total, all government owned (1987); 4,055 km 1.435-meter
standard gauge, 245 km narrow gauge; 917 km double track; 2,640 km
electrified
Highways:
total:
36,930 km
paved:
33,902 km (including 276 km expressways)
unpaved:
earth 3,028 km (1991)
Inland waterways:
470 km (1987)
Pipelines:
crude oil 193 km; petroleum products 525 km; natural gas 1,400 km
(1992)
Ports:
coastal - Burgas, Varna, Varna West; inland - Ruse, Vidin, and Lom on
the Danube
Merchant marine:
111 ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 1,225,996 GRT/1,829,642 DWT,
bulk 48, cargo 30, chemical carrier 4, container 2, oil tanker 16,
passenger-cargo 1, railcar carrier 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 6,
short-sea passenger 2
note:
Bulgaria owns 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 8,717 DWT operating
under Liberian registry
Airports:
total:
487
usable:
85
with permanent-surface runways:
32
with runways over 3659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
21
with runways 1,060-2,439 m:
36
note:
a C-130 can land on a 1,060-m airstrip
Telecommunications:
extensive but antiquated transmission system of coaxial cable and
microwave radio relay; 2.6 million telephones; direct dialing to 36
countries; phone density is 29 phones per 100 persons (1992); almost
two-thirds of the lines are residential; 67% of Sofia households have
phones (November 1988); telephone service is available in most
villages; broadcast stations - 20 AM, 15 FM, and 29 TV, with 1 Soviet
TV repeater in Sofia; 2.1 million TV sets (1990); 92% of country
receives No. 1 television program (May 1990); 1 satellite ground
station using Intersputnik; INTELSAT is used through a Greek earth
station
@Bulgaria, Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces, Frontier Troops, Internal
Troops
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 2,175,921; fit for military service 1,816,484; reach
military age (19) annually 70,306 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
5.77 billion leva, NA% of GDP (1993 est.); note - conversion of
defense expenditures into US dollars using the current exchange rate
could produce misleading results
@Burkina, Geography
Location:
Western Africa, between Ghana and Mali
Map references:
Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
274,200 sq km
land area:
273,800 sq km
comparative area:
slightly larger than Colorado
Land boundaries:
total 3,192 km, Benin 306 km, Ghana 548 km, Cote d'Ivoire 584 km, Mali
1,000 km, Niger 628 km, Togo 126 km
Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
none; landlocked
International disputes:
the disputed international boundary between Burkina and Mali was
submitted to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in October 1983
and the ICJ issued its final ruling in December 1986, which both sides
agreed to accept; Burkina and Mali are proceeding with boundary
demarcation, including the tripoint with Niger
Climate:
tropical; warm, dry winters; hot, wet summers
Terrain:
mostly flat to dissected, undulating plains; hills in west and
southeast
Natural resources:
manganese, limestone, marble; small deposits of gold, antimony,
copper, nickel, bauxite, lead, phosphates, zinc, silver
Land use:
arable land:
10%
permanent crops:
0%
meadows and pastures:
37%
forest and woodland:
26%
other:
27%
Irrigated land:
160 sq km (1989 est.)
Environment:
current issues:
recent droughts and desertification severely affecting agricultural
activities, population distribution, and the economy; overgrazing;
soil degradation; deforestation
natural hazards:
recurring droughts
international agreements:
party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Marine
Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands; signed, but not
ratified - Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
Note:
landlocked
@Burkina, People
Population:
10,134,661 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
2.81% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
48.42 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
18.2 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
-2.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
118.3 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
47.03 years
male:
46.18 years
female:
47.9 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
6.94 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Burkinabe (singular and plural)
adjective:
Burkinabe
Ethnic divisions:
Mossi (about 2.5 million), Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, Fulani
Religions:
indigenous beliefs 40%, Muslim 50%, Christian (mainly Roman Catholic)
10%
Languages:
French (official), tribal languages belong to Sudanic family, spoken
by 90% of the population
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
total population:
18%
male:
28%
female:
9%
Labor force:
NA (most adults are employed in subsistance agriculture; 52% of
population is 15 years of age or older)
by occupation:
agriculture 80%, industry 15%, commerce, services, and government 5%
note:
20% of male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for
seasonal employment (1984)
@Burkina, Government
Names:
conventional long form:
Burkina Faso
conventional short form:
Burkina
former:
Upper Volta
Digraph:
UV
Type:
parliamentary
Capital:
Ouagadougou
Administrative divisions:
30 provinces; Bam, Bazega, Bougouriba, Boulgou, Boulkiemde,
Ganzourgou, Gnagna, Gourma, Houet, Kadiogo, Kenedougou, Komoe, Kossi,
Kouritenga, Mouhoun, Namentenga, Naouri, Oubritenga, Oudalan, Passore,
Poni, Sanguie, Sanmatenga, Seno, Sissili, Soum, Sourou, Tapoa,
Yatenga, Zoundweogo
Independence:
5 August 1960 (from France)
National holiday:
Anniversary of the Revolution, 4 August (1983)
Constitution:
2 June 1991
Legal system:
based on French civil law system and customary law
Suffrage:
none
Executive branch:
chief of state:
President Captain Blaise COMPAORE (since 15 October 1987); election
last held December 1991
head of government:
Prime Minister Roch KABORE (since March 1994)
cabinet:
Council of Ministers; appointed by the president
Legislative branch:
unicameral
Assembly of People's Deputies:
elections last held 24 May 1992 (next to be held NA); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (107 total), ODP-MT 78, CNPP-PSD
12, RDA 6, ADF 4, other 7
note:
the current law also provides for a second consultative chamber, which
had not been formally constituted as of 1 July 1992
Judicial branch:
Appeals Court
Political parties and leaders:
Organization for People's Democracy- Labor Movement (ODP-MT), ruling
party, Simon COMPAORE, Secretary General; National Convention of
Progressive Patriots-Social Democratic Party (CNPP-PSD), Moussa BOLY;
African Democratic Rally (RDA), Gerard Kango OUEDRAOGO; Alliance for
Democracy and Federation (ADF), Amadou Michel NANA
Other political or pressure groups:
committees for the defense of the revolution; watchdog/political
action groups throughout the country in both organizations and
communities
Member of:
ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEAO, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, GATT,
IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT,
INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, OIC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO,
UNIDO, UPU, WADB, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Thomas Yara KAMBOU
chancery:
2340 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
(202) 332-5577 or 6895
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
Ambassador Donald J. McCONNELL
embassy:
Avenue Raoul Follerau, Ouagadougou
mailing address:
01 B. P. 35, Ouagadougou
telephone:
[226] 30-67- 23 through 25
FAX:
[226] 31-23-68
Flag:
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a yellow
five-pointed star in the center; uses the popular pan-African colors
of Ethiopia
@Burkina, Economy
Overview:
One of the poorest countries in the world, Burkina has a high
population density, few natural resources, and relatively infertile
soil. Economic development is hindered by a poor communications
network within a landlocked country. Agriculture provides about 40% of
GDP and is entirely of a subsistence nature. Industry, dominated by
unprofitable government-controlled corporations, accounts for about
15% of GDP.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $7 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
0.7% (1992)
National product per capita:
$700 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
-0.8% (1992)
Unemployment rate:
NA%
Budget:
revenues:
$483 million
expenditures:
$548 million, including capital expenditures of $189 million (1992)
Exports:
$300 million (f.o.b., 1992)
commodities:
cotton, gold, animal products
partners:
EC 42%, Cote d'Ivoire 11%, Taiwan 15%
Imports:
$685 million (f.o.b., 1992)
commodities:
machinery, food products, petroleum
partners:
EC 49%, Africa 24%, Japan 6%
External debt:
$865 million (December 1991 est.)
Industrial production:
growth rate 6.7% (1992); accounts for about 15% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
120,000 kW
production:
320 million kWh
consumption per capita:
40 kWh (1991)
Industries:
cotton lint, beverages, agricultural processing, soap, cigarettes,
textiles, gold mining and extraction
Agriculture:
accounts for about 40% of GDP; cash crops - peanuts, shea nuts,
sesame, cotton; food crops - sorghum, millet, corn, rice; livestock;
not self-sufficient in food grains
Economic aid:
recipient:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $294 million; Western
(non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $2.9
billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $113 million
Currency:
1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes
Exchange rates:
CFA francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 592.05 (January 1994), 283.16 (1993),
264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989)
note:
beginning 12 January 1994 the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per
French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948
Fiscal year:
calendar year
@Burkina, Communications
Railroads:
620 km total; 520 km Ouagadougou to Cote d'Ivoire border and 100 km
Ouagadougou to Kaya; all 1.00-meter gauge and single track
Highways:
total:
16,500 km
paved:
1,300 km
unpaved:
improved earth 7,400 km; unimproved earth 7,800 km (1985)
Airports:
total:
48
usable:
38
with permanent-surface runways:
2
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
2
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
8
Telecommunications:
all services only fair; microwave radio relay, wire, and radio
communication stations in use; broadcast stations - 2 AM, 1 FM, 2 TV;
1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
@Burkina, Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police, People's
Militia
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 2,013,763; fit for military service 1,029,960
Defense expenditures:
$NA, NA% of GDP
@Burma, Geography
Location:
Southeastern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Bangladesh and
Thailand
Map references:
Asia, Southeast Asia, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
678,500 sq km
land area:
657,740 sq km
comparative area:
slightly smaller than Texas
Land boundaries:
total 5,876 km, Bangladesh 193 km, China 2,185 km, India 1,463 km,
Laos 235 km, Thailand 1,800 km
Coastline:
1,930 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone:
24 nm
continental shelf:
200 nm or to the edge of continental margin
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
territorial sea:
12 nm
International disputes:
none
Climate:
tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest
monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild
temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon,
December to April)
Terrain:
central lowlands ringed by steep, rugged highlands
Natural resources:
petroleum, timber, tin, antimony, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, coal,
some marble, limestone, precious stones, natural gas
Land use:
arable land:
15%
permanent crops:
1%
meadows and pastures:
1%
forest and woodland:
49%
other:
34%
Irrigated land:
10,180 sq km (1989)
Environment:
current issues:
deforestation
natural hazards:
subject to destructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and
landslides common during rainy season (June to September)
international agreements:
party to - Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,
Tropical Timber; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate
Change, Law of the Sea
Note:
strategic location near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes
@Burma, People
Population:
44,277,014 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
1.86% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
28.45 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
9.84 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
63.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
59.98 years
male:
57.94 years
female:
62.15 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
3.64 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Burmese (singular and plural)
adjective:
Burmese
Ethnic divisions:
Burman 68%, Shan 9%, Karen 7%, Rakhine 4%, Chinese 3%, Mon 2%, Indian
2%, other 5%
Religions:
Buddhist 89%, Christian 4% (Baptist 3%, Roman Catholic 1%), Muslim 4%,
animist beliefs 1%, other 2%
Languages:
Burmese; minority ethnic groups have their own languages
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
total population:
81%
male:
89%
female:
72%
Labor force:
16.007 million (1992)
by occupation:
agriculture 65.2%, industry 14.3%, trade 10.1%, government 6.3%, other
4.1% (FY89 est.)
@Burma, Government
Names:
conventional long form:
Union of Burma
conventional short form:
Burma
local long form:
Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw (translated by the US Government as
Union of Myanma and by the Burmese as Union of Myanmar)
local short form:
Myanma Naingngandaw
former:
Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma
Digraph:
BM
Type:
military regime
Capital:
Rangoon (sometimes translated as Yangon)
Administrative divisions:
7 divisions* (yin-mya, singular - yin) and 7 states (pyine-mya,
singular - pyine); Chin State, Irrawaddy*, Kachin State, Karan State,
Kayah State, Magwe*, Mandalay*, Mon State, Pegu*, Rakhine State,
Rangoon*, Sagaing*, Shan State, Tenasserim*
Independence:
4 January 1948 (from UK)
National holiday:
Independence Day, 4 January (1948)
Constitution:
3 January 1974 (suspended since 18 September 1988); National
Convention started on 9 January 1993 to draft chapter headings for a
new constitution
Legal system:
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state and head of government:
Chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration Council Gen. THAN SHWE
(since 23 April 1992)
State Law and Order Restoration Council:
military junta which assumed power 18 September 1988
Legislative branch:
People's Assembly (Pyithu Hluttaw):
last held 27 May 1990, but Assembly never convened; results - NLD 80%;
seats - (485 total) NLD 396, the regime-favored NUP 10, other 79; was
dissolved after the coup of 18 September 1988
Judicial branch:
none; Council of People's Justices was abolished after the coup of 18
September 1988
Political parties and leaders:
Union Solidarity and Development Association (USDA), leader NA;
National Unity Party (NUP; proregime), THA KYAW; National League for
Democracy (NLD), U AUNG SHWE
Other political or pressure groups:
National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma (NCGUB), headed by
the elected prime minister SEIN WIN (consists of individuals
legitimately elected to Parliament but not recognized by the military
regime; the group fled to a border area and joined with insurgents in
December 1990 to form a parallel government; Kachin Independence Army
(KIA); United Wa State Army (UWSA); Karen National Union (KNU);
several Shan factions, including the Mong Tai Army (MTA); All Burma
Student Democratic Front (ABSDF)
Member of:
AsDB, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD,
IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT (nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, IOC, ITU,
LORCS, NAM, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WMO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
Ambassador U THAUNG
chancery:
2300 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
(202) 332-9044 or 9045
consulate(s) general:
New York
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
(vacant); Deputy Chief of Mission, Charge d'Affaires Franklin P.
HUDDLE, Jr.
embassy:
581 Merchant Street, Rangoon
mailing address:
American Embassy, Box B, APO AP 96546
telephone:
[95] (1) 82055, 82181
FAX:
[95] (1) 80409
Flag:
red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing, all
in white, 14 five-pointed stars encircling a cogwheel containing a
stalk of rice; the 14 stars represent the 14 administrative divisions
@Burma, Economy
Overview:
Burma has a mixed economy with about 70% private activity, mainly in
agriculture, light industry, and transport, and with about 30%
state-controlled activity, mainly in energy, heavy industry, and
foreign trade. Government policy in the last five years, 1989-93, has
aimed at revitalizing the economy after four decades of tight central
planning. Thus, private activity has markedly increased; foreign
investment has been encouraged, so far with moderate success; and
efforts continue to increase the efficiency of state enterprises.
Published estimates of Burma's foreign trade are greatly understated
because of the volume of black market trade. A major ongoing problem
is the failure to achieve monetary and fiscal stability. Inflation has
been running at 25% to 30% annually. Good weather helped boost GDP by
perhaps 5% in 1993. Although Burma remains a poor Asian country, its
rich resources furnish the potential for substantial long-term
increases in income, exports, and living standards.
National product:
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $41 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
5% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
$950 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
30% (1993 est.)
Unemployment rate:
NA%
Budget:
revenues:
$8.1 billion
expenditures:
$11.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992)
Exports:
$613.4 million (FY93)
commodities:
pulses and beans, teak, rice, hardwood
partners:
Singapore, China, Thailand, India, Hong Kong
Imports:
$1.02 billion (FY93)
commodities:
machinery, transport equipment, chemicals, food products
partners:
Japan, China, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia
External debt:
$4 billion (1992)
Industrial production:
growth rate 4.9% (FY93 est.); accounts for 10% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
1,100,000 kW
production:
2.8 billion kWh
consumption per capita:
65 kWh (1992)
Industries:
agricultural processing; textiles and footwear; wood and wood
products; petroleum refining; mining of copper, tin, tungsten, iron;
construction materials; pharmaceuticals; fertilizer
Agriculture:
accounts for 40% of GDP and 66% of employment (including fish and
forestry); self-sufficient in food; principal crops - paddy rice,
corn, oilseed, sugarcane, pulses; world's largest stand of hardwood
trees; rice and timber account for 55% of export revenues
Illicit drugs:
world's largest illicit producer of opium (2,575 metric tons in 1993)
and minor producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; opium
production has doubled since the collapse of Rangoon's antinarcotic
programs
Economic aid:
recipient:
US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $158 million; Western
(non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3.9
billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $424 million
Currency:
1 kyat (K) = 100 pyas
Exchange rates:
kyats (K) per US$1 - 6.2301 (December 1993), 6.1570 (1993), 6.1045
(1992), 6.2837 (1991), 6.3386 (1990), 6.7049 (1989); unofficial - 105
Fiscal year:
1 April - 31 March
@Burma, Communications
Railroads:
3,991 km total, all government owned; 3,878 km 1.000-meter gauge, 113
km narrow-gauge industrial lines; 362 km double track
Highways:
total:
27,000 km
paved:
bituminous 3,200 km
unpaved:
gravel, improved earth 17,700 km; unimproved earth 6,100 km
Inland waterways:
12,800 km; 3,200 km navigable by large commercial vessels
Pipelines:
crude oil 1,343 km; natural gas 330 km
Ports:
Rangoon, Moulmein, Bassein
Merchant marine:
47 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 665,628 GRT/941,512 DWT, bulk
15, cargo 15, chemical 1, combination bulk 1, combination ore/oil 1,
container 2, oil tanker 2, passenger-cargo 3, refrigerated cargo 5,
vehicle carrier 2
Airports:
total:
83
usable:
78
with permanent-surface runways:
24
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
3
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
38
Telecommunications:
meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for
business and government; international service is good; 53,000
telephones (1986); radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the most
populous areas; broadcast stations - 2 AM, 1 FM, 1 TV (1985); 1 Indian
Ocean INTELSAT earth station
@Burma, Defense Forces
Branches:
Army, Navy, Air Force
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 11,199,531; females age 15-49 11,273,643; males fit
for military service 5,979,710; females fit for military service
6,034,810; males reach military age (18) annually 445,933 (1994 est.);
females reach military age (18) annually 430,738 (1994 est.); both
sexes liable for military service
Defense expenditures:
$NA, NA% of GDP
@Burundi, Geography