III. RELATION OF AVERAGES OF MEASUREMENTS RELATING TO SIZE OF VAULT
IN MALES AND FEMALES
(Males = 100)
-------------+-------------+--------+------+-------+---------+------
| Number of | | | | |
Group | specimens |Capacity|Module|Circum-| Nasion- |Thick-
+-----+-------+ | |ference|opisthion| ness
|Males|Females| | | | arc |
-------------+-----+-------+--------+------+-------+---------+------
Arkansas[21] | 19 | 14 | 86.5 |96 | 96 | 96.5 | 92.5
Louisiana[22]| 12 | 7 | 89.5 |96 | 97 | 98 | 88
Munsee | | | | | | |
(excepting | | | | | | |
no. 285,308) | 6 | 9 | 85.0 |95.5 | 96 | 94.5 | 88
-------------+-----+-------+--------+------+-------+---------+------
[21] From A. Hrdlička, Report on an Additional Collection of Skeletal
Remains from Arkansas and Louisiana, _Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila._,
XIV, 1909, pp. 171-249.
[22] From A. Hrdlička, Report on an Additional Collection of Skeletal
Remains from Arkansas and Louisiana, _Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila._,
XIV, 1909, pp. 171-249.
These data are of interest in a number of additional particulars.
In the first place, it is seen that, barring capacity, a striking
similarity exists in the relation of female to male measurements in the
different groups of Indians. There are reasons to believe that such
resemblances are not confined to these tribes alone or even to Indians
generally, but extend, with a limited range of variation, to all races.
Another remarkable fact is that the external measurements of the skull,
especially the mean diameter or module, and the circumference show
practically identical percental relations in the two sexes, averaging
each about 96 for the female to 100 for the male; while in capacity the
difference is decidedly greater (less than 90 to 100) in favor of the
male, notwithstanding the fact that the thickness of the female skulls
averages smaller. In other words, a female skull only nine-tenths as
thick as that of a male and which gives external measurements that
compare with those of the male cranium in a ratio of 96 to 100, will
stand in respect to its internal capacity toward the male skull as only
88 or 89 to 100. The cause of this must be attributed to the unequal
build, in the two sexes, of those parts of the skull which are not
reached by the ordinary external measurements, and the narrower and
especially the lower frontal region in the female plays probably a
large part in this connection.