The Royalist forces, under Charles I. and Sir Marmaduke Langdale,
advancing to raise the siege of Chester, were met and routed by the
Parliamentarians under Poyntz. The contemporary pamphlets give a long
list of the prisoners taken at Routon Heath, but name hardly any of
those slain. It is therefore difficult to say who R. W., evidently a
dear friend of Vaughan's, may have been. He appears to have been missing
for a year before he was finally given up. From lines 25-27 we learn
that he was a young man of only twenty. The most likely suggestion for
his identification seems to me that of Mr. C. H. Firth, who points out
to me that the name of one Roger Wood occurs in the list of Catholics
who fell in the King's service as having been slain at Chester. Miss
Southall (_Songs of Siluria_, 1890, p. 124) suggests that he may have
been either Richard Williams, a nephew of Sir Henry Williams, of
Gwernyfed, who died unmarried, or else a son of Richard Winter, of
Llangoed. He might also, I think, have been one of Vaughan's wife's
family, the Wises, and possibly also a Walbeoffe. A reference to the
Walbeoffe pedigree in the note to p. 189 will show that there was a
Robert Walbeoffe, brother of C. W. Miss Morgan thinks that he is a
generation too old, and that the unnamed son of C. W., who, according to
his tombstone, did not survive him, may have been a Robert, and the R.
W. in question. On the question whether Vaughan was himself present at
Routon Heath, _see_ the _Biographical Note_ (vol. ii., p. xxviii).
P. 83. Upon a Cloak lent him by Mr. J. Ridsley.
I do not know who Mr. Ridsley was. On the references to Vaughan's
"juggling fate of soldiery" in this poem, _see_ the _Biographical Note_
(vol. ii., p. xxviii).
_craggy Biston, and the fatal Dee._ Chester stands, of course, on the
Dee, which is "fatal" as the scene of disasters to the Royalist cause.
Dr. Grosart explains Biston as "Bishton (or Bishopstone) in
Monmouthshire," and adds, "'Craggie Biston' refers, no doubt, to certain
caves there. The Poet's school-boy rambles from Llangattock doubtless
included Bishton." I think that Biston is clearly Beeston Castle, one of
the outlying defences of Chester, which played a considerable part in
the siege. It surrendered on November 5, 1645, and the small garrison
was permitted to march to Denbigh (J. R. Phillips, _The Civil War in
Wales and the Marshes_, vol. i., p. 343).
_Micro-cosmography_, the world represented on a small scale in man.
Vaughan means that he had as many lines on him as a map.
_Speed's Old Britons._ John Speed (1555-1629) published his _History of
Great Britain_ in 1614.
_King Harry's Chapel at Westminster_, with its tombs, was already one of
the sights of London.
_Brownist._ The Brownists were the religious followers of Robert Browne
(c. 1550-c. 1633); they were afterwards known as Independents or
Congregationalists.
P. 86. Upon Mr. Fletcher's Plays.
The first folio edition of Beaumont and Fletcher's _Comedies and
Tragedies_ was published in 1647. Vaughan's lines are not, however,
amongst the commendatory verses there given.
_Field's or Swansted's overthrow._ Nathaniel Field and Eliard Swanston,
who appears to be meant by Swansted, were well-known actors. They were
both members of the King's Company about 1633.
P. 90. Upon the Poems and Plays of the ever-memorable Mr. William
Cartwright.
This was printed, together with verses by Tho. Vaughan and many other
writers, in William Cartwright's _Comedies, Tragi-comedies, with other
Poems_, 1651.
P. 94. An Elegy on the Death of Mr. R. Hall, slain at Pontefract, 1648.
Miss Southall thinks that the subject of this elegy may have been a son
of Richard Hall, of High Meadow, in the Forest of Dean, co. Gloucester.
These Halls were connected with the Winters, a Breconshire family. Mr.
C. H. Firth ingeniously suggests to me that for R. Hall we should read
R. Hall[ifax], and points out that a Robert Hallyfax was one of the
garrison at the first siege of Pontefract in 1645. He may have been at
the second siege also. (R. Holmes, _Sieges of Pontefract_, p. 20.)
P. 97. To my learned Friend, Mr. T. Powell, upon his Translation of
Malvezzi's "Christian Politician."
The book referred to is _The Pourtract of the Politicke
Christian-Favourite_. By Marquesse Virgilio Malvezzi, 1647. This is a
translation of _Il Ritratto del Privato Politico Christiano_, published
at Bologna in 1635. It does not contain Vaughan's verses, and no
translator's name is given. The preface of another translation from
Malvezzi, the _Stoa Triumphans_ (1651), is, however, signed "T. P."
P. 99. To my worthy Friend, Master T. Lewes.
Some of the lines in this poem are borrowed from Horace's verses, _Ad
Thaliarcham_ (Book I., Ode 9):
"Vides, ut alta stet nive candida
Soracte, nec iam sustineant onus
Sylvae laborantes, geluque
Flumina constiterint acuto?
* * * * *
Quid sit futurum eras, fuge quaerere;
Quam sors dierum cunque debit; lucro
Appone."
G. G.
Dr. Grosart thinks that T. Lewes was "probably of Maes-mawr, opposite
Newton, on the south side of the Usk." Miss Southall identifies him with
Thomas Lewis, incumbent in 1635 of Llanfigan, near Llansantffread. He
was expelled from his living, but returned to it at the Restoration.
P. 100. To the most excellently accomplished Mrs. K. Philips.
Katherine Philips, by birth Katherine Fowler, became the wife in 1647 of
Colonel James Philips, of the Priory, Cardigan. She was a wit and
poetess, and well-known to a large circle of friends as "the matchless
Orinda." Each member of her coterie had a similar fantastic pseudonym,
and it is possible that this may account for the Etesia and Timander,
the Fida and Lysimachus, of Vaughan's poems. The poems of Orinda were
surreptitiously published in 1664, and in an authorised version in 1667.
They include her poem on Vaughan, afterwards prefixed to _Thalia
Rediviva_ (cf. p. 169), but are not accompanied by the present verses
nor by those to her editor in _Thalia Rediviva_ (p. 211).
_A Persian votary_--_i.e._, a Parsee, or fire-worshipper.
P. 102. An Epitaph upon the Lady Elizabeth, Second Daughter to his late
Majesty.
Elizabeth, second daughter of Charles I., was born in 1635. She suffered
from ill-health and grief after her father's execution, and died at
Carisbrooke on September 8, 1650. This poem, therefore, like others in
the volume, must be of later date than the dedication.
P. 104. To Sir William Davenant, upon his Gondibert.
Davenant's _Gondibert_ was first published in 1651. It does not contain
Vaughan's verses.
_thy aged sire._ Is this an allusion to the story that Davenant was in
reality the son of William Shakespeare?
_Birtha_, the heroine of _Gondibert_.
P. 119. Cupido [Cruci Affixus].
Another translation of Ausonius' poems was published by Thomas Stanley
in 1649. There is nothing in the original corresponding to the last four
lines of Vaughan's translation.
Ll. 89-94. The Latin is:
"Se quisque absolvere gestit,
Transferat ut proprias aliena in crimina culpas."
Vaughan's simile is borrowed from Donne's _Fourth Elegy_ (_Muses'
Library_, I., 107):
"as a thief at bar is questioned there,
By all the men that have been robb'd that year."
P. 125. Translations from Boethius.
These translations are from the _De Consolatione Philosophiae_, a medley
of prose and verse. Vaughan has translated all the verse in the first
two books except the Metrum 3 of Book I. and Metrum 6 of Book II. The
headings of Metra 7 and 8 of Book II. are given in error in _Olor
Iscanus_ as Metra 6 and 7. Some further translations from Books III. and
IV. will be found in _Thalia Rediviva_, pp. 224-235.
P. 144. Translations from Casimirus.
These translations are from the Polish poet Mathias Casimirus
Sarbievius, or Sarbiewski (1595-1640). His Latin _Lyrics_ and _Epodes_,
modelled on Horace, were published in 1625-1631. Sarbiewski was a
Jesuit, and a complete edition of his poems was published by the Jesuits
in 1892.
P. 158. Venerabili viro, praeceptori suo olim et semper colendissimo
Magistro Mathaeo Herbert.
Matthew Herbert was Rector of Llangattock, and apparently acted as tutor
to the young Vaughans. He is mentioned in the lines _Ad Posteros_ (p.
51). Thomas Vaughan also has two sets of Latin verses to him (Grosart,
II., 349), and dedicated to him his _Man-Mouse taken in a Trap_ (1650).
On July 19, 1655, he petitioned for the discharge of the sequestration
on his rectory, which had been sequestered for the delinquency of the
Earl of Worcester (_Cal. Proc. Ctee. for Compositions_, p. 1713). He
died in 1660.
P. 159. Praestantissimo viro Thomae Poello in suum de Elementis Opticae
Libellum.
The _Elementa Opticae_ appeared in 1649. It has no name on the
title-page, but the preface is signed "T. P.," and dated 1649. It
contains the present prefatory verses, together with some others, also
in Latin, by Eugenius Philalethes (Thomas Vaughan).
THALIA REDIVIVA.
This volume, published in 1578, at a late date in Henry Vaughan's life,
twenty-three years after the second part of _Silex Scintillans_, must
have been written, at least in part, much earlier. The poem on _The King
Disguised_, for instance, goes back to 1646. At the end of the volume,
with a separate title-page (_cf. Bibliography_), come the Verse Remains
of the poet's brother, Thomas Vaughan. This is the rarest of Vaughan's
collections of poems. The copy once in Mr. Corser's collection, and now
in the British Museum, was believed to be unique. It was used both by
Lyte and Dr. Grosart. But Miss Morgan has come across two other copies,
one in Mr. Locker-Lampson's library at Rowfant, the other in that of Mr.
Joseph, at Brecon.
P. 163. The Epistle-Dedicatory.
Henry Somerset, third Marquis of Worcester, was created Duke of
Beaufort in 1682. He was a distant kinsman of Vaughan's, whose
great-great-grandfather, William Vaughan of Tretower, married Frances
Somerset, granddaughter of Henry, Earl of Worcester. He was a firm
adherent of the Stuarts, and refused to take the oath of allegiance to
William III. (Dr. Grosart).
P. 164. Commendatory Verses.
These are signed by _Orinda_; _Tho. Powell, D.D._; _N. W., Ies. Coll.,
Oxon._; _I. W., A.M. Oxon._
On Orinda, _cf._ the note to p. 100, and on Dr. Powell, that to P. 57.
Mr. Firth suggests that N. W., of Jesus, probably a young man, who
imitates Cowley's _Pindarics_, and does not claim any personal
acquaintance with Vaughan, may be N[athaniel] W[illiams], son of Thomas
Williams, of Swansea, who matriculated in 1672, or N[icholas] W[adham],
of Rhydodyn, Carmarthen, who matriculated in 1669.
I. W., also an Oxford man, is probably the writer of the prefaces to the
Marquis of Worcester and to the Reader, which are signed respectively J.
W. and I. W. Mr. Firth suggests that he may be J[ohn] W[illiams], son of
Sir Henry Williams of Gwernevet, Brecon, who matriculated at Brasenose
in 1642. I have thought that he might be Vaughan's cousin, the second
John Walbeoffe (_cf._ p. 189, note), who is mentioned in Thomas
Vaughan's diary (_cf. Biographical Note_, vol. ii., p. xxxviii), but
there is no proof that Walbeoffe was an Oxford man. Perhaps he is the
friend James to whom a poem in _Olor Iscanus_ is addressed (p. 70).
P. 178. To his Learned Friend and loyal Fellow-prisoner, Thomas Powel of
Cant[reff], Doctor of Divinity.
On Dr. Powell, _cf._ note to p. 57. Vaughan's reason for calling him a
"fellow-prisoner" is discussed in the _Biographical Note_ (vol. ii., p.
xxxii).
P. 181. The King Disguised.
John Cleveland's poem, _The King's Disguise_, here referred to, was
first published as a pamphlet on January 21, 1646. It appears in
Cleveland's _Works_ (1687). The disguising was on the occasion of
Charles the First's flight, on April 27, 1646, from Oxford to the
Scottish camp, of which Dr. Gardiner writes (_History of the Civil War_,
Ch. xli): "At three in the morning of the 27th, Charles, disguised as a
servant, with his beard and hair closely trimmed, passed over Magdalen
Bridge in apparent attendance upon Ashburnham and Hudson."
P. 187. To Mr. M. L., upon his Reduction of the Psalms into Method.
Dr. Grosart identifies M. L. with Matthew Locke, of whom Roger North
says, in his _Memoirs of Music_ (4to, 1846, p. 96): "He set most of the
Psalms to music in parts, for the use of some vertuoso ladyes in the
city." Locke's setting of the _Psalms_ exists only in MS. A copy was in
the library of Dr. E. F. Rimbault, who thinks that the author assisted
Playford in his _Whole Book of Psalms_ (1677). In 1677 he died.
P. 189. To the pious Memory of C[harles] W[albeoffe] Esquire.
Charles Walbeoffe was a man of considerable importance in
Brecknockshire. His name occurs several times in State papers of the
period. A petition of his concerning a ward is dated October 12, 1640.
(_Cal. S. P. Dom._, Car. I., 470, 113). He was High Sheriff in 1648
(Harl. MS. 2,289, f. 174), and a fragment of a warrant signed by him on
April 17 of that year to Thomas Vaughan, treasurer of the county, for
the monthly assessment, is in Harl. MS. 6,831, f. 13. As we might
perhaps gather from Vaughan's poem, he does not seem to have taken an
active part in the Civil War. He did not, like some other members of his
family, sign the _Declaration_ of Brecknock for the Parliament on
November 23, 1645 (J. R. Phillips, _Civil War in Wales and the Marches_,
ii. 284). And he seems to have joined the Royalist rising in Wales of
1648. Information was laid on February 10, 1649, that he "was
Commissioner of Array and Association, raised men and money, subscribed
warrants to raise men against the Parliament's generals, and sat as J.P.
in the court at Brecon when the friends of Parliament were prosecuted"
(_Cal. Proc. Ctee. for Advance of Money_, p. 1017). Afterwards he was
reconciled, sat on the local Committee for Compositions, and again got
into trouble with the authorities. On May 14, 1652, the Brecon Committee
wrote to the Central Committee that, being one of the late Committee, he
would not account for sums in his hands. He was fined L20. (_Cal. Proc.
Ctee. for Compositions_, p. 578.)
Miss Morgan has copied the inscription on his tombstone in Llanhamlach
Church.
[Arms of Walbeoffe.]
"Here lieth the body of Charles Walbeoffe, Esqre., who departed
this life the 13th day of September, 1653, and was married to Mary,
one of the daughters of Sir Thomas Aubrey of Llantryddid, in the
county of Glamorgan, Knt., by whom he had issue two sonnes, of whom
only Charles surviveth."
Charles Walbeoffe the younger died in 1668, and was succeeded by his
cousin John. "This gentleman," says Jones (_Hist. of Brecknock_, ii.,
482), "being of a gay and extravagant turn, left the estate, much
encumbered, to his son Charles, and soon after his death it was
foreclosed and afterwards sold."
This John Walbeoffe is mentioned in Thomas Vaughan's _Diary_ (_cf._ vol.
ii., p. xxxviii). He may be the writer of the preface to _Thalia
Rediviva_ (_cf._ p. 164, note).
It is possible that the R. W. of another of Vaughan's Elegies may also
have been a Walbeoffe. _Cf._ p. 79, _note_.
Dr. Grosart was unable to identify the initials C. W. The Walbeoffes, or
Walbieffes, of Llanhamlach, the next village to Llansantfread, were
among the most important of the _Advenae_, or Norman settlers of
Brecknockshire. They were related, as the following table shows, to the
Vaughans of Tretower. The following extract from the genealogy of the
Walbeoffes of Llanhamlach is compiled from Harl. MS. 2,289. f. 136_b_;
Jones, _History of Brecknockshire_, ii., 484; Miss G. E. F. Morgan, in
_Brecon County Times_ for May 13, 1887.
William Vaughan
of Tretower.
|
-----------------------
| |
Charles. Margaret = John Walbeoffe.
| |
| +-------------+--------------------+---+
| | | |
Thomas = Denise Williams. Charles = Mary, d. of Sir | Robert.
| ob. 1653. | Thomas Aubrey |
| | of Llantrithid. |
| | |
Henry. +----------------+ |
| | | |
+-------+---------+ | Son |
| | | | (name unknown.) |
Henry. Thomas. W[illiam?] | |
| |
Charles = Elizabeth, d. and |
nat. 1646, matr. h. to Thomas Aubrey |
19, vii., 1661, ob. of Llantrithid. |
s.p. 1668. |
|
+-----------------------+
|
John = Catherine Watkins.
|
John = Susan, d. of Humphry
| Howarth of Whitehouse,
| Herefordshire.
|
+----------+------------+
| |
Charles. John, Rector of Llanhamlach,
nat. 1675, matr. 3, ii., 1696.
P. 193. In Zodiacum Marcelli Palingenii.
Marcellus Palingenius, or Petro Angelo Manzoli, wrote his didactic and
satirical poem, the _Zodiacus Vitae_, about 1535. It was translated into
English by Barnabee Googe in 1560-1565. The latest edition of the
original is that by C. C. Weise (1832). As we may gather from Vaughan's
lines, Manzoli was an earnest student of occult lore. _Cf._ Gustave
Reynier, _De Marcelli Palingenii Stellatae Poctae Zodiaco Vitae_ (1893).
P. 195. To Lysimachus.
_Bevis ... Arundel ... Morglay_. The allusion is to the _Romance of Sir
Bevis of Hampton_ (ed. E. Koelbing, E. E. T. S., 1885). Arundel was Sir
Bevis' horse, and Morglay his sword.
P. 197. On Sir Thomas Bodley's Library.
If Vaughan was not himself an Oxford man (_Biog. Note_, vol. ii., p.
xxvi), he may have been in Oxford with the King's troops at the end of
August, 1645 (_Biog. Note_, vol. ii., p. xxxi).
_Walsam_, Walsingham, in Norfolk, famous for the rich shrine of Our Lady
of Walsingham, to which many offerings were made.
P. 200. The Importunate Fortune.
I. 105. _My purse, as Randolph's was._ The allusion is to Randolph's _A
Parley with his Empty Purse_, which begins:
"Purse, who'll not know you have a poet's been,
When he shall look and find no gold herein?"
P. 204. To I. Morgan, of Whitehall, Esq.
Whitehall appears to be an Anglicised form of Wenallt, more properly
Whitehill. John Morgan, or Morgans, of Wenallt, in Llandetty, was a
kinsman of Vaughan's, as the following table (from Harl. MS., 2,289, f.
39) shows:
John Morgans.
|
Morgan Jones = Frances, d. of Charles
| Vaughan of Tretower
_________________________|_______________
| |
John Morgans = Mary, d. to Thomas Anne =
Aubrey of Llantrithid. 1. Charles Williams
of Scethrog.
2. Hugh Powell, parson
of Llansantffread.
P. 211. To the Editor of the Matchless Orinda.
_cf._ p. 100, _note_. These lines do not appear in either the 1664 or
the 1667 edition of Orinda's poems.
P. 213. Upon Sudden News of the Much Lamented Death of Judge Trevers.
"This was probably Sir Thomas Trevor, youngest son of John Trevor, Esq.,
of Trevallyn, co. Denbigh, by Mary, daughter of Sir George Bruges, of
London. He was born 6th July, 1586. He was made one of the Barons of the
Exchequer 12th May, 1625; and was one of the six judges who refused to
accept the new commission offered them by the ruling powers under the
Commonwealth. He died 21st December, 1656, and is buried at
Lemington-Hastang, in Warwickshire." (Dr. Grosart.)
P. 214. To Etesia (for Timander) The First Sight.
I do not think we need look for anything autobiographical in this and
the following poems written to Etesia. They are written "for Timander,"
that is, either to serve the suit of a friend, or as copies of verses
with no personal reference at all. The names Etesia and Timander smack
of Orinda's poetic circle.
P. 224. Translations from Severinus.
Dr. Grosart hunted out an obscure Neapolitan, Marcus Aurelius Severino,
and ascribed to him the originals of these translations. They are of
course from the _De Consolatione Philosophiae_ of Anicius Manlius
Severinus Boethius, and are a continuation of the pieces already printed
in _Olor Iscanus_ (pp. 125-143).
P. 245. Pious Thoughts and Ejaculations.
These are much in the vein of _Silex Scintillans_. They probably belong
to various dates later than 1655, when the second part of that
collection appeared. _The Nativity_ (p. 259) is dated 1656, and _The
True Christmas_ (p. 261) was apparently written after the Restoration.
P. 261. The True Christmas.
Vaughan was no Puritan; _cf._ his lines on _Christ's Nativity_ (vol. i.,
p. 107)--
"Alas, my God! Thy birth now here
Must not be numbered in the year,"
but he was not much in sympathy with the ideals of the Restoration
either; _cf._ the passage on "our unjust ways" in _Daphnis_ (p. 284).
P. 267. De Salmone.
On Thomas Powell, _cf._ p. 57, note.
P. 272. The Bee.
_Hilarion's servant, the sage crow._ There seems to be some confusion
between Hilarion, an obscure fourth-century Abbot, and Paul the Hermit,
of whom it is related in his _Life by S. Jerome_ that for sixty years he
was daily provided with half a loaf of bread by a crow.
P. 278. Daphnis.
The subject of the Eclogue appears to be Vaughan's brother Thomas, who
died 27th February, 1666. On him _see_ the _Biographical Note_ (vol.
ii., p. xxxiii).
_true black Moors_; an allusion, perhaps, to Thomas Vaughan's
controversy with Henry More.
_Old Amphion_; perhaps Matthew Herbert, on whom see note to p. 158.
_The Isis and the prouder Thames._ Thomas Vaughan was buried at Albury,
near Oxford.
_Noble Murray._ Thomas Vaughan's patron, himself a poet and alchemist,
Sir Robert Murray, Secretary of State for Scotland. His poems have been
collected by the Hunterian Club.
FRAGMENTS AND TRANSLATIONS.
The larger number of the verses in this section are translated
quotations scattered through Vaughan's prose-pamphlets. Dr. Grosart
identified some of the originals; I have added a few others; but the
larger number remain obscure and are hardly worth spending much labour
upon. The title-pages of the pamphlets will be found in the
_Bibliography_ (vol. ii., p. lvii).
P. 289. From Eucharistica Oxoniensia.
I have already, in the _Biographical Note_ (vol. ii., p. xxviii), given
reasons for doubting whether this poem is by the Silurist. It was first
printed as his by Dr. Grosart. Charles the First was in Scotland, trying
to settle his differences with the Scots, during the closing months of
1641.
P. 291. Translations from Plutarch and Maximus Tyrius.
These, together with a translation of Guevara's _De vitae rusticae
laudibus_, were appended to the _Olor Iscanus_. Vaughan did not
translate directly from the Greek, but from a Latin version published in
1613-14 amongst some tracts by John Reynolds, Lecturer in Greek at, and
afterwards President of Corpus Christi College, Oxford.
P. 294. From the Mount of Olives.
A volume of Devotions published by Vaughan in 1652. The preface, dated
1st October, 1651, is addressed to Sir Charles Egerton, Knight, and in
it Vaughan speaks of "that near relation by which my dearest friend
lays claim to your person." It is impossible to say who is the "dearest
friend" referred to. The _Flores Solitudinis_ (1654) is also dedicated
to Sir Charles Egerton. He was probably of Staffordshire. Dr. Grosart
(II. xxxiii) states that in Hanbury Church, co. Stafford, is a monument
_Caroli Egertoni Equitis Aurati_, who died 1662. Perhaps therefore he
was connected with Vaughan's wife's family, the Wises of Staffordshire.
P. 298. From Man in Glory.
This translation from a work attributed to St. Anselm and published as
his in 1639 is appended to the Mount of Olives.
In the original lines 5, 6, are printed in error after lines 7, 8.
P. 299. From Flores Solitudinis.
In 1654 Vaughan published a volume containing (1) translations of two
discourses by Eusebius Nierembergius, (2) a translation of Eucherius,
_De Contemptu Mundi_, (3) an original life of S. Paulinus, Bishop of
Nola. These were poems "collected in his sickness and retirement." The
Epistle-dedicatory to Sir Charles Egerton is dated 1653, and that to the
reader which precedes the translations from Nierembergius on 17th April,
1652.
_Bissellius._ John Bissel a Jesuit, (1601-1677), wrote _Deliciae
Aetatis_, _Argonauticon Americanorum_, etc. (Grosart).
_Augurellius._ Johannes Aurelius Augurellius of Rimini (1454-1537),
wrote _Carmina_, _Chrysopoeia_, _Geronticon_, etc. (Grosart).
P. 307. From Primitive Holiness.
This original life of S. Paulinus of Nola, by far the most striking of
Vaughan's prose works, contains a number of poems, pieced together by
Vaughan from lines in Paulinus' own poems and in those of Ausonius
addressed to him. The edition used by Vaughan seems to have been that
published by Rosweyd at Antwerp in 1622. I have traced the sources of
the poems so far as I can in the edition published by W. de Hartel in
the _Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum_ (vols. xxix, xxx
1894).
P. 322. From Hermetical Physic.
A translation from the _Naturae Sanctuarium! quod est Physica Hermetica_
(1619) of the alchemist Henry Nollius, published by Vaughan in 1655.
P. 323. From Cerbyd Fechydwiaeth.
This tract is bound up with the Brit. Mus. copy of [Thomas Powell's]
_Quadriga Salutis_ (1657), of which it appears to be a Welsh
translation. The verses, to which nothing corresponds in the English
version, are signed Ol[or] Vaughan (_cf._ Olor Iscanus). Professor
Palgrave (_Y Cymrodor_, 1890-1) translates them as follows: "The Lord's
Prayer, when looked into (we see), the Trinity of His Fatherly goodness
has given it as a foundation-stone of all prayer, and has made it for
our instruction in doctrine." He adds that this Englyn occurs with
others written in an eighteenth-century hand on the fly-leaf of a MS. of
Welsh poetry by Iago ab Duwi.
P. 324. From Humane Industry.