[Illustration: THE RAVEN (_Corax nobilis_).]
The SCAPULATED RAVEN (_Pterocorax scapulatus_) is a small species
inhabiting Africa from eighteen degrees north latitude, distinguished by
its peculiar plumage and moderate sized beak. The feathers are of a rich
glossy black, except upon the upper part of the breast, which is of a
dazzling white, as is also a broad patch over the scapular region; these
lighter portions gleam like satin, and the deeper tints are brightened
by a metallic lustre; the eye is light brown, the beak and feet black.
The length of this bird is about eighteen inches, the wing measures
thirteen inches, and the tail six inches. Throughout the whole of Soudan
and the lower parts of Abyssinia the Scapulated Raven is found living
in pairs, which rarely assemble in small parties, and appear to avoid
mountain districts. In its general appearance this species is not unlike
the Magpie; its flight is light, rapid, and hovering, and as it rises
in the air with pointed wings and rounded tail fully displayed, after
the manner of a Falcon, its elegance cannot fail to please the eye of
the beholder, who may trace its course for a considerable distance as
its snowy breast sparkles and gleams in the direct rays of the sun. When
upon the ground its gait is very easy and dignified; its voice resembles
that of the Raven. Wherever these birds make their abode they are soon
on excellent terms with the human inhabitants, and rarely exhibit any
fear of man, except when entirely unaccustomed to his appearance; they
are regular visitors to some of the villages upon the coast, and will
sometimes perch upon the straw huts of the natives. The eyrie of the
Scapulated Raven is usually placed upon a tree. The eggs, four or five
in number, are laid during the first month of the rainy season; in
appearance they resemble those of the rest of the family. The parents
are much attached to their young, and will dart like Falcons upon any
stranger who may approach the nest. These birds are disliked by the
natives, on account of their unclean habits, and their flesh is never
employed as food.
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[Illustration: THE CARRION CROW (_Corvus corona_).]
The CROWS (_Corvus_) are distinguished from the Ravens by the comparative
smallness of their beaks, by their rounded tails, and their lax and dull
plumage. Two species are common in Europe--