EXPERIMENTS BEING TRIED OUT ON OUR DAIRY FARM.
On our farm we are equipping to produce certified milk. This will be
a new business for us. When we have had more experience along this
line we may write up the results for publication. However, none of our
experiments are far enough along now for us to be justified in giving
the results as final.
Those things which would probably be of greatest interest to farmers
are our small grain elevator, the layout of machinery to shell corn,
grind feed, cut and re-cut alfalfa and our facilities for handling
manure. We use electric power which, so far as we know, is the most
satisfactory power where it is available. The motor requires no firing
up as does a steam engine, and no tinkering such as goes with the use
of gasoline. The motors generally run when you want them to and as long
as you want them to and give very little trouble.
[Illustration: Showing arrangement of machinery. The conveyor to the
silage blower is just below the floor. Silage or cut hay drops from the
ensilage cutter to this conveyor. Opposite the ensilage cutter is the
feed grinder into which runs the grain spout from the corn sheller. The
ground feed also flows to the conveyor and by shifting the spout of the
corn sheller the shelled corn will go to the conveyor without being
ground.]
[Illustration: Rear view of the barn showing the arrangement of silos.
The blower pipe for the ensilage cutter will extend through the barn
and with a long arch swing around from one silo to another.]
Our ensilage cutter is permanently installed at one side of a driveway
in the barn. It will fill three silos without re-setting. By the use of
a re-cutting attachment with the ensilage cutter we make finely-chopped
alfalfa of all the stems that the cows will not eat. Cattle will eat
these stems after they are cut up fine and they make excellent feed
for our delivery horses. The blower (made by the American Harvester
Company of Minneapolis) which we use for elevating is separate from the
cutter. It is also used to elevate shelled corn, oats and ground feeds
to bins overhead. The conveyor to this blower is slightly below the
floor level so that ground feed will run from the feed grinder to the
conveyor, so also will our shelled corn, or oats that we are unloading
from wagons, and the re-cut alfalfa. Everything goes to the blower and
is distributed to different bins by turning the spout. An ordinary
ensilage cutter can be used as an elevator for grain just as well as
the separate blower that we use.
Our system of hauling manure is probably more original than our
arrangement for handling feed. We do not shovel the manure out of
this barn, neither do we push it out. We wash it out with a two-inch
stream of water. The gutters slope from the ends of the barn toward
the center, being two feet deep at the center of the barn and one
foot deep at the ends. Over these gutters we have cast-iron grates to
prevent a cow from slipping down. A ten-inch tile leads from the gutter
to a large cess-pool outside of the barn and from this cess-pool we
pump the sewerage along a ridge to the highest ground of the farm and
irrigate it down over the fields. We have an abundant water supply
available, cheap power, and hope this plan will prove a practical means
of handling manure. So far it has been a very easy matter to flush the
manure from the gutters and our sewerage pump throws 200 gallons per
minute through a four-inch pipe up the hill as far as we want to go. We
use cut straw for bedding and run plenty of water in with the manure
so the pump will not clog. The picture of the pump shown is taken from
the catalogue of the American Well Works and does not represent our
cess-pool but is similar to the outfit we use.
[Illustration: Showing the gutter behind the cows with some of the
grates removed. The gutter is being filled with water. When full the
cover to the opening to a 10-inch tile is removed and the rush of the
water carries all with it.]
[Illustration: Electric-driven sump pump with 3-inch intake and 2-inch
discharge which pumps manure and water at the rate of 200 gallons per
minute.]
[Illustration: Interior of the barn showing large ventilating flues. At
the side of the room are the air-intakes.]
Our water pump requires a ten horse-power motor and will throw 150
gallons per minute. Besides a means of getting manure hauled out, we
expect to do some irrigating in dry weather. While running both the
pump at the well and the sewerage pump we require about ten kilowatts
of current per hour. This costs us about five cents per kilowatt.
We have installed the King ventilating system. Where a large herd of
cows are kept in a barn such a ventilating system is a great help. Our
barn is warm and comfortable but not steamy and close.
These systems cost a good deal of money and may not all prove
practical. We are not urging that our example be followed but will be
glad to give any of our readers such data as we may have concerning
the success of these operations. At our barn we prepare the feed for
all of our delivery horses and we expect to keep sixty cows. The method
of handling manure will eliminate most of the breeding places of flies.
Since this milk will be used raw and is produced for babies especially,
extra precautions are necessary in our case. These things we have taken
into consideration when planning so expensive a layout. In a few
months we will know more about these systems and in a few years we will
have a conclusive test made. Those who wish to drop in occasionally to
see how we are getting along will be welcome.
[Illustration: Interior view of milk house showing sterilizing oven,
cooler, bottle filler and conveyor for cases.]