1. Sternoclidomastoid (the muscle that bends the head).
2. Trapezius.
3. Pectoralis (chest muscle).
4. Deltoid (arm lifting muscle).
5. Coraco brachialis (rudimentary arm muscle).
6. Triceps (forearm extension).
7. Pronator radii teres (turns forearm and hand).
8. Annular ligament of wrist.
9. External oblique of abdomen.
10. Muscular sheath of abdominal erectus muscle.
11. Tensor fasciæ latæ (fibrous muscle covering thigh muscles).
12. Gluteus (controls thigh and helps to keep body erect).
13. Sartorius, or tailor, muscle (enables legs to be crossed).
14. One of quadriceps extensor cruris muscles.
15. Gastroenemius (bends the knee).
16. Long extensor of toes.
17. Peroneus longus (helps to keep foot arched).
18. Annular ligament of ankle.
19. Platyama.
20. Brachialis (moves elbow joint).
21. Biceps (flexor of arm).
22. Supinator longus (turns hand).
23. Extensor carpi radialis (extensor of forearm and wrist).
24. Flexor carpi radialis (bends wrist and turns hand).
25. Rectus abdominis (retracts abdominal wall).
26 and 27. Vastus externus and internus.
These, with 14 and an abductor muscle,
together make up the quadriceps extensor,
the largest muscle in the body. It extends
the leg.
28. Tibialis (extends the ankle).
29. Extensors of the toes.
The bones which make up the framework of the body are held together by
joints of different kinds which allow of widely varying ranges of
motion. The skull, which contains twenty-two bones in all, includes the
cranium which contains the brain, and the bones which form the framework
of the face. The vertebral column, which acts as a hinged and pliable
tube down the center of which runs the spinal cord, is made up of
twenty-four true vertebræ and the sacrum and the coccyx. The thorax, the
bony box or cage protecting the heart and lungs, is made up of the
twelve dorsal vertebræ with the twelve ribs on each side and the sternum
or breast bone in front. The upper extremities consist of the
shoulder-blade or scapula, the collar-bone or clavicle, the humerus or
upper arm bone, the two fore-arm bones (radius and ulna), and the
twenty-seven bones of the hand and wrist. The pelvis is composed of the
two hip bones, together with the sacrum and coccyx. The female pelvis is
larger in all diameters than the male. The bones of the lower extremity,
which is joined to the pelvis by the head of the thigh bone (the femur),
making a ball and socket joint at the acetabulum, are the two bones of
the leg, the tibia and fibula; the patella or knee-cap; and the
twenty-six bones of the ankle and foot.]