(1) In the last sentence _what_ is equivalent to _that which_ or the
_thing which_. It differs from the other relative pronouns in that _its
antecedent is never expressed_, it being implied in the word itself
(that which).
(2) _What_ is always of the neuter gender, and is used in only the
nominative and the objective case. _Who_, _whose_, and _whom_ are either
masculine and feminine (common gender) and are used, respectively, in
the nominative, the possessive, and the objective case.
(3) _Which_ is neuter and may be used in either the nominative or the
objective case.
(4) _Whose_ is the form of the possessive for either _who_ or _which_.
=Remarkable, Remarkably.=--“She is a remarkable pretty girl.” Say
_remarkably pretty_.
=Reside and Live.=--The simple word _live_ is preferable to _reside_
when referring to one’s place of residence, _reside_ being reserved for
more stately occasions.
=Respect.=--Instead of “in respect of,” say “in respect _to_,” or “with
respect _to_.”
=Respectfully and Respectively.=--_Respectfully_ mean in a respectful
manner; _respectively_ refers to persons or things thought of singly;
as, “He behaved _respectfully_ toward his parents”; “The names of the
boys are, _respectively_, John, Henry, and James.”
=Rise up.=--“He rose up and left the room.” Say “he rose”; say also,
_raise_, _lift_, _hoist_; not _raise up_, _lift up_, _hoist up_.
=Saw, Seen, See.=--“I see him last Monday.” Say “I saw him.” “I seen him
yesterday.” Say “I saw him.” “I haven’t saw him for along time.” Say “I
haven’t seen him.” _See_ is present, _saw_ imperfect, _seen_ the
participle. The habit of confusing them prevails widely.
=Section.=--“Mr. ---- does not live in this section.” Say “in this
neighborhood,” “vicinity,” or “part of the country.” A _section_, in
geography, is one square mile, or six hundred and forty acres of land,
which has been laid out by the government.
=Shall and Will.=--_Shall_ in the first person and _will_ in the second
and third persons denote mere futurity.
_Will_ in the first person and _shall_ in the second and third denote
volition.
In asking questions _shall_ must always be used with a subject in the
first person. In the second and third persons we use _shall_ and _will_
according to the answers that we expect. When we expect the answer
_shall_, we use _shall_ in asking the question. When we expect the
answer _will_, we use _will_ in asking the question.
Similar statements are true of _should_ and _would_.
The proper use of _shall_, _will_, _should_, and _would_ in indirect
discourse may be determined by turning the sentence into the direct
discourse and choosing the proper word according to the rule.
With all three persons, we may use _would_ to express a wish. Also we
may use _would_ without regard to future time, to denote that an action
is customary; as, “He would often fish for days in succession.”
_Should_ is sometimes used in its original sense of _ought_; as, “You
should not do that.”
The forms given below are examples of the simple future statement.
Examples:
I shall be happy. We shall be happy.
You will be happy. You will be happy.
He will be happy. They will be happy.
If we wish to add the idea of a compelling force, or of determination or
obligation, the proper auxiliary for the first person is _will_; for the
second and third persons, _shall_.
Examples: