=Parts.=--[Illustration] _b_, _Blade_, the expanded portion.
_p_, _Petiole_, the stem.
_s_, _Stipules_, leaf-like appendages at base of petiole.
=Kinds.=--(1.) SIMPLE, [Illustration] having but one blade.
_Sessile_, [Illustration] without petiole.
_Petiolate_, [Illustration] with petiole.
_Stipulate_, [Illustration] with stipules.
_Cirrhous_, [Illustration] with tendril.
(2.) COMPOUND, [Illustration] having more than one blade.
(a.) _Pinnate_, [Illustration] with leaflets arranged along a common
petiole.
_Abruptly pinnate_, [Illustration] with even number of leaflets.
_Odd-pinnate_, [Illustration] having an odd leaflet.
_Unipinnate_, [Illustration] divided but once.
_Bipinnate_, [Illustration] divided twice.
_Tripinnate_, divided three times.
(b.) _Palmate_, [Illustration] leaflets diverging from one point.
_Unipalmate_, [Illustration] divided but once.
_Bipalmate_, [Illustration] divided twice.
_Tripalmate_, [Illustration] divided three times.
=Framework.=--_Midrib_, the central vein.
_Ribs_, [Illustration], [Illustration] strong veins branching from near
the base of midrib.
_Veins_, the branching framework.
_Veinlets_, [Illustration] small veins.
=Venation.=--_Parallel_, [Illustration] with simple veins running
parallel from base to apex.
_Feather_, [Illustration] with lateral veins branching at regular
intervals from midrib.
_Radiate_, [Illustration] with strong veins branching from apex of
petiole.
_Reticulate_, [Illustration] with veins and veinlets that unite and
separate in the form of network.
=Form.=--(a.) BROADEST AT THE MIDDLE.--_Peliate_, [Illustration];
_orbicular_, [Illustration], _oval_, [Illustration]; _elliptical_,
[Illustration]; _oblong_, [Illustration]; _linear_, [Illustration];
_acerōse_, [Illustration] (Pine).
(b.) BROADEST AT BASE.--_Deltoid_, [Illustration]; _ovate_
[Illustration]; _lanceolate_, [Illustration]; _subulate_,
[Illustration]; _cordate_, [Illustration]; _reniform_, [Illustration];
_hastate_, [Illustration]; _sagittate_, [Illustration].
(c.) BROADEST AT THE APEX.--_Obovate_, [Illustration]; _oblanceolate_,
[Illustration]; _spatulate_ [Illustration]; _cuneate_ [Illustration];
_obcordate_, [Illustration]; _lyrate_, [Illustration]; _runcinate_,
[Illustration].
=Bases.=--_Auriculate_, [Illustration]; _oblique_, [Illustration];
_tapering_, [Illustration]; _abrupt_, [Illustration]; _clasping_,
[Illustration]; _perfoliate_, [Illustration]; _connate_, [Illustration];
_decurrent_, [Illustration].
=Apexes.=--_Obcordate_, [Illustration]; _emarginate_, [Illustration];
_retuse_, [Illustration]; _truncate_, [Illustration]; _obtuse_,
[Illustration]; _acute_ [Illustration]; _acuminate_, [Illustration];
_mucronate_, [Illustration]; _cuspidate_, [Illustration]; _aristate_,
[Illustration].
=Margins.=--_Entire_, [Illustration]; _repand_, [Illustration];
_sinuate_, [Illustration]; _crenate_, [Illustration]; _dentate_,
[Illustration]; _serrate_, [Illustration]; _incised_, [Illustration];
_laciniate_, [Illustration]; _palmately-lobed_, [Illustration];
_palmately-cleft_, [Illustration]; _palmately-parted_, [Illustration];
_palmately-divided_, [Illustration]; _pinnately-lobed_, [Illustration];
_pinnately-cleft_, [Illustration]; _pinnately-parted_, [Illustration];
_pinnately-divided_, [Illustration].
=Surface.=--(a.) WITHOUT HAIRS.--_Glabrous_, smooth.
(b.) SOFT HAIRS.--_Pílous_, few, short; _hirsute_, few, long;
_pubéscent_, dense, short; _villous_, dense, long; _seríceous_, silky;
_lanūginous_, woolly; _toméntous_, matted like felt; _flóccous_, fleecy
tufts.
(c.) STIFF HAIRS.--_Scābrous_, minute, hard points; _hispid_, few, short
points; _sētous_, bristly; _spinous_, having spines.
=Color.=--_Glaucous_, covered with whitish powder.
_Canéscent_, grayish-white with fine pubescence.
_Incānous_, hoary-white.
_Punctate_, having transparent dots.
_Hyaline_, nearly transparent.
=Texture.=--_Succulent_, fleshy; _coriaceous_, leather-like; _scarious_,
dry; _rúgous_, wrinkled.
=Phyllotaxis=, arrangement on the stem.--_Alternate_, [Illustration];
_opposite_, [Illustration]; _whorled_ (verticillate); _radical_,
[Illustration] near the ground; _cauline_, on the stem; _rosulate_,
[Illustration] clustered; _fascículate_, [Illustration] in bundles.
=Vernation=, arrangement in the bud.
_Induplicate_, [Illustration] folded crosswise (Tulip-tree).
_Conduplicate_, [Illustration] folded along midrib (Oak).
_Plicate_, [Illustration] folded like a fan (Red-currant).
_Circinate_, [Illustration] rolled lengthwise (Fern).
_Convolute_, [Illustration] rolled edgewise (Cherry).
_Involute_, [Illustration] both edges rolled inward (Apple).
_Revolute_, [Illustration] both edges rolled outward (Willow).
_Equitant_, [Illustration] astraddle (Iris).
_Obvolute_, [Illustration] half equitant (Jerusalem Sage).
_Triquētrous_ [Illustration] triangular equitant (Sedges).
=Duration.=--_Fugacious_, falling very early.
_Deciduous,_ falling at the close of the season.
_Persistent_, remaining through the winter.