“............. with that ill-band
Of angels mixed, who nor rebellious proved
Nor yet were true to God, but for themselves
Were only. From his bounds Heaven drove them,
Not to impair his luster; nor the depth
Of Hell receives them, lest th’ accursed tribe
Should glory thence with exultation vain.”--Trans.
[37] Gal., iii., 24.
[38] The Gnostics and the Manichees.--_Trans._
[39] The Arians, with all the other rationalizing sects of Noëtus, Paul
of Samosata, Sabellius, and the like.--_Trans._
[40] The schism of the East and West--of the Greek and Roman
churches--produced by the illegal interference of the bishops of Rome,
in the diocese of the Patriarch of Constantinople.--_Trans._
[41] Luke xxii., 38.
[42] Rev., xiv., 6.
[43] 1 Kings, iii., 16.
[44] The Apocalypse or Revelations of St. John the Divine.--_Trans._
[45] Matt., xxiii., 13.
[46] Acts, vii., 22.
[47] Schlegel is apparently alluding to the triumph of Mohammedism in
Asia and Africa, and the almost total extinction of Christianity in
those quarters of the world.--_Trans._
[48] “Die Weltgeschichte ist das Weltgericht.”
SCHILLER’S _Ode to Resignation_.
[49] The following passage forcibly expresses Schlegel’s thoughts on
this point:--“Les individus de l’espèce humaine s’échappent quelquefois
aux suites de leurs actions, qui dans la règle doivent être regardées
comme les justes châtimens des infractions faites à la loi de Dieu. Les
nations ne sauraient s’y soustraire; car leur existence se prolonge et
se projette dans un espace immense, où les lois eternelles trouvent
leur sanction et leur entier accomplissement. C’est là que la terrible
Némésis se déploie tout entière, et exerce sur le crime sa bienfaisante
réaction; c’est sur la longue route que décrivent les nations que, dans
sa marche lente, silencieuse, mais sûre, elle punit la licence par le
despotisme, et le despotisme par l’insurrection, où par la dégénération
des peuples; c’est là que l’égoisme et immoralité des peuples, la
lâcheté et la faiblesse des souverains et la servilité amènent
des résultats aussi terribles qu’inévitables. On peut dire d’eux:
‘_Habuerent vitia opatium exemplorum_.’”--ANCILLON. _Essais de
Philosophe, de Politique, et de la Littérature_, tom. ii.--_Trans._
[50] Voltaire.
[51] In the book of Job we have a picture of this earlier and purer
religion of nature, as professed by this Idumæan Gentile, while, in his
vindication of himself, we read a testimony to the existence of the
beginnings of idolatry in the worship of the host of heaven. xxxi.,
5.--_Trans._
[52] This statement does not necessarily imply the Romish doctrine of
transubstantiation. It is fully met in an unobjectionable sense by the
Catholic tenet of the real presence.--_Trans._
[53] Schlegel is apparently referring to the Constituent Assembly of
the French Revolution.--_Trans._
[54] 2 Sam., xxiv., 14.
[55] John, viii., 36.
[56] In this and the following sentence Schlegel is alluding to Holland
and Poland.--_Trans._
[57] The Kaiser was in theory the temporal lord of the whole earth;
according to the words of the Sachsen-Spiegel, “Zwei swert liess Got
in ertriche zu beschirmene dy Christenheit, dem Pabste das geistliche,
den Keiser das werltliche.” “Two swords has God left to the world to
protect Christianity; (having given) to the Pope the spiritual, and the
temporal to the Emperor.” The claim of the Empire to universal dominion
was indicated by the sword pointing to the four points of the heavens,
while as the “Holy Empire” it was its duty to exterminate not only
the Heathens and the Moslems, but also the false Christians, as the
members of the Greek Church were regarded by the West. In the medieval
constitution of the Empire, a symbolical character prevails throughout.
Seven were its shields: of these the first was borne by the Emperor;
the second by the spiritual Electors; the third by the temporal
Princes; the fourth and fifth by the Counts and Knights of the Empire;
the sixth by their vassals; and the seventh by the free burghers and
peasants. Seven, also, was the original number of the Hereditary
Electors of the Empire. Three spiritual Princes, the Archbishops of
Mayence, Cologne, and Treves, as chancellors, respectively of the
Empire, of Burgundy, and of Italy. Four temporal Electors: the Prince
Palatine of the Rhine, who, as grand-carver, carried the imperial
apple at the coronation; the Duke of Saxony Wittemberg, who, as
marshal, carried the sword; the Margrave of Brandenburg, who, as
grand-chamberlain, bore the scepter; and the King of Bohemia, who, as
cupbearer, presented the cup. The election of the Emperor was held at
Frankfort-on-the-Maine; the coronation at Aix; and the new Emperor held
his first diet at Nuremberg.--_Trans._
[58] 2 Tim., iv., 7.
[59] The words in the bracket are not in the original. As a loyal
priest of a true branch of that Church which is built on the foundation
of the Apostles, the translator could not help to give currency to such
a misrepresentation of it. Henry VIII. can stand on his own merits, or,
rather, demerits. It seems, however, to be what Schlegel would call
an historical retribution, that the universal supremacy claimed by
the bishops of Rome, as it was confirmed by a Phocas, should be first
shaken by a Henry VIII.--_Trans._
[60] Pius VII.
[61] _Cshatriyas._ (See “Philosophy of History,” p. 146.)
[62] See Philosophy of Life, p. 25.
[63] See quotation from the “Die Kunstlehre” of Schiller, “Philosophy
of Life,” p. 25.
[64] Alexander von Humboldt.
[65] The passages thus indicated were marked by Schlegel himself for
revision.
[66] Shakspeare. Hamlet, Act i., Scene v.
[67] Philosophy of Life, p. 113.
[68] St. James, c. ii., v. 5.
[69] In the original the three terms are--Gewissen, Wissen, and
Gewissheit.
[70] The three primary vowels, according to Bopp and Grimm, are _a_,
_i_, _u_, _e_ and _o_ being dipthongal compounds of _ai_ and _ao_
respectively. The former appears from a comparison between the Greek
σφαιρα, Latin _sphæra_, and our _sphere_; or, again,
from Μουσαι, Musæ, pronounced by us Musā; or from the
Ionic form ης, of dat. plur. αις. To prove that _au_ gives _o_, it will
be sufficient from many instances to give one:--the Latin _pauci_,
in the Spanish and Italian dialects of the Romance is _poco_.