Perennial grass, stems often bending upwards from a prostrate base, up
to 2 ft. long. Inflorescence dense, cylindrical, 1-4 in. long, often
purplish. Bristles copious, stiffer than preceding with the bases
thickened into a disc. Anther tip free from hairs.
Note.—Differs from true Heskanit (see 887) in that the spines are not
rigid.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit and Tokar); Berber Prov. (Wadi el Arab & Kokreb);
Khartoum Prov. (Jebel Royan); Blue Nile Prov. (Sheikh Talha); Fung Prov.
(Bunzaga); White Nile Prov. (Jebel Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur
Prov.
887 =Cenchrus catharticus= _Del._ HESKANIT & KOREIB—Arab.
Annual, variable in height (up to 2 ft.). Inflorescence cylindrical, up
to 4 in. long. Spikelets surrounded by bristles which are hardened into
rigid spines and united at the base to form a cup. Spines at the base
widely spreading.
Widely distributed in Northern and Central Sudan.
=C. biflorus= _Roxb._ ARDIAKH—Rashida, KUREIT—Hadendowa.
Annual grass similar to above but smaller, basal spines not spreading.
Red Sea Prov. (Tokar); Between Suakin and Berber (Wadi el Omari, Jebel
Okurr and Wadi Laemab); Blue Nile Prov. (Wadi el Haddad).
=C. macrostachys= _Hochst._
Similar in habit to above but much larger. Spines long, fine, flexuous,
sometimes dark purple, united into a hard cup at the base.
Red Sea Prov. (Tokar); Between Suakin and Berber (Wadi Eremit); Kordofan
Prov. (Abu Gerad).
888 =Trichopteryx gigantea= _Stapf._
Tall perennial grass 5-12 ft. high, stems stout, rough to the touch;
leaves long, narrow, ½-1 ft. long by ½-¾ in. broad, strongly ribbed.
Inflorescence very narrow and loose, ½-1 ft. long. Spikelets brown,
narrow, up to 1½ in. long; glumes hard and pointed, single on distinct
stalks.
Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Bongo, Dukutu by the Roah River).
=T. flammida= _Benth._
Tall perennial, strongly growing grass, up to over 8 ft. high.
Inflorescence up to over 1 ft. long by 4 in. wide, brush-like, dense.
Spikelets up to ⅓ in. long, narrow, yellow, with a fine awn up to 1 in.
long, single on distinct stalks.
Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Jur, Jur Ghattas, Geneina and Kutshuk Ali);
Mongalla Prov. (Kagulu swamp).
=T. annua= _Stapf._
Annual grass up to 2 ft. high. Leaves narrow, 2½-4 in. long.
Inflorescence a loose, erect, panicle. Spikelets nearly ¾ in. long
occurring singly on long stalks, yellow. Glumes covered with black
glands, from which spring fine, silky, white hairs, awns 1-1¾ in. long,
fine.
Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
889 =Tristachya barbata= _Nees._ MASHAB—Hadendowa.
Perennial grass 6-18 in., woody and tufted at the root. Leaves greyish-
green. Inflorescence somewhat resembling the oat. Spikelets in clusters
of 3, up to ½ in. long; glumes narrow and pointed, sometimes purple at
the base. Awn about 1 in., with a blackened swollen joint below the
centre.
Red Sea Prov. (Jebel Soturba, Lat. 22° N.); Between Suakin and Berber
(Wadi Laemab and Wadi Derumkad).
890 =Avena sp.=
A species of oats.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit).
891 =Danthonia Forskalei= _Trin._
Woody, grey-green, desert grass up to 1 ft. high. Leaves up to 2 in.
long. Inflorescence up to 6 in. long (generally less), moderately dense,
narrow. Spikelets under ½ in. long, narrow, pointed, chaffy.
Kordofan Prov.
=D. sp. nov.=
Darfur Prov. (Jebel Marra; Abwo waterfall 8,200 ft.).
892 =Phragmites communis= _Trin._ BUS, BUZZ’AM (N. Kordn)—Arab; RUR,
ARUR (Bahr el Jebel)—Dinka; KURR and KWIR—Nuer; NGANZIDUPER and
POPUKI—Zande.
Tall perennial grass, erect, 4-12 ft. high or taller, many jointed.
Inflorescence large, tassel-like, brownish, branches of panicle very
membranous, fine. Spikelets ½-¾ in. long, with fine white silky hairs,
glumes narrow, pointed.
One of the commonest species of the “Sudd” region. The stems are used
for building huts, and also for making arrow shafts and pipe stems by
the Shilluks.
Fung Prov.; Kordofan Prov (North); White Nile Prov.; Bahr el Ghazal
Prov.; Bahr el Jebel.
893 =Heleochloa schoenoides= _Host._ GOGHEIB or GUGHEIB (Kordn)—Arab.
Small prostrate annual grass with wiry jointed stems. Leaves few, 1-2
in. long, narrow, pointed. Inflorescences small, compact, grouped at the
end of the stems, surrounded by the cup-like leaf sheaths.
Nubia (Banks of the Nile); Berber Prov. (Kalli near Shendi); Blue Nile
Prov. (Sennar); Kordofan Prov. (Debak and Sagia).
894 =Polypogon monspeliensis= _Desf._
Annual grass up to 2 ft. high, generally less. Leaves mostly from the
base forming a dense tuft. Inflorescence a dense, cylindrical, spike-
like panicle composed of short branches crowded on the main axis.
Spikelets crowded on branches with a fine bristle-like awn.
Dongola Prov. (Banks of the Nile).
895 =Aristida Cummingiana= _Nees._
Small annual grass up to 1 ft. high, stems thin and wiry. Leaves scaly,
almost thread-like. Panicle loose, spikelets single on long, very fine
branches, yellow or purplish, about 1/12 in. long. Awns 3, divided from
the foot, not jointed to glume, smooth, persistent.
Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=A. Adscensionis= _Linn._ HEMRA—Arab.
Annual (generally), stems thin, wiry, growing in tussocks, from a few
inches to 2 ft. high. Leaves very narrow, rolled, thread-like. Panicle
narrow, fairly dense, interrupted. Spikelets crowded on short branches.
Awn divided into three from the foot, divisions long, column short,
smooth, persistent, not jointed to glume.
One of the common grasses of the plains, largely collected for stock
food.
Widely distributed over the whole of Northern and Central Sudan,
including Darfur.
=A. steudeliana= _Trin._ and _Rupr._ DANABAYA, DEIL EL FAR—Arab;
SIMILUL—Rashida; HUNSIG—Hadendowa.
Annual grass about 1 ft. high, fairly leafy. Leaves ⅛ in. broad, flat,
greyish. Inflorescence up to 4 in. long, very dense like a fox tail.
Awns not jointed to glume, long (2 in.) and fine. Widely distributed in
Northern and Central regions, and also in Upper White Nile Prov. and
Bahr el Jebel (Bari country).
=A. mutabilis= _Trin_ and _Rupr._ GAU UMSHARA (N. Kordn.), DUNBALAB (S.
Kordn)—Arab; TUMFAR—Hadendowa.
Annual grass like _A. Adscensionis_, but growing more thinly. Panicle
very narrow, loose, branches long and fine. Spikelets shortly stalked,
collected into bunches. Awn not jointed to glume, smooth, persistent,
column long, branches comparatively short.
Nubian Desert; Berber Prov. (Wad Ben Naga); Kordofan Prov.
=A. Sieberiana= _Trin._ SUMEIMA (N. Kordn)—Arab.
Perennial, ½-3 ft. high, wiry. Leaves greyish rolled or twisted, narrow
(1/12 in.). Panicle narrow, rarely open, spikelets comparatively few on
slender short branches. Awns very long and fine, jointed at the junction
with the glume from which they ultimately break off, smooth.
Kordofan Prov. Widely distributed.
=A. stipoides= _Lam._ AGEIG, EGEIG (N. Kordn), UM SUBEIBA (Fung) Arab.
Perennial, tufted grass, over 4 ft. high, stems stout. Leaf sheaths
often with a flake of woolly hairs at the base. Leaves up to 2 ft. long.
Panicle large (1 ft.), very open, nodding, with long fine branches
bearing solitary spikelets. Awns similar to _A. Sieberiana_.
White Nile Prov. (Jebel Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (Obeid, and between Um
Ruaba and Eilafun).
=A. funiculata= _Trin._ and _Rupr._ GAU, HEMRA, UM ASLEILA, NUSSA and
ABU HAREIB (Kordn)—Arab; EILAB—Rashida; WAEILA—Hadendowa.
Annual, growing in tussocks, stems slender, wiry, 10-18 in. high.
Panicle very narrow, lax, branches short, spikelets few. Awns very long,
jointed at the glume, ultimately breaking at the junction, smooth.
Red Sea Prov. (Port Sudan); Between Suakin and Berber (Wadi Eremit);
Kassala Prov. (Um Adam, Gallabat, Gendua River); Atbara River; Khartoum
Prov.; Kordofan Prov.
=A. ciliata= _Desf._
Perennial grass growing in low compact tufts, from which wiry slender
stems arise 1-2 ft. high. Leaves basal, wire-like, greyish, from 1-4 in.
long. Inflorescence narrow, 4-6 in. long, rarely larger. Spikelets
shortly stalked, up to ½ in. long, narrow, 3-nerved. Awns very long and
slender, one branch conspicuously feathery, breaking from the glume.
Red Sea Prov. (Soturba Mts.: Wadi Hebera); between Suakin and Berber
(Wadi Omari).
=A. hirtigluma= _Steud._ AGEIG EL BAGGAR—Arab.
Slender perennial arising from a basal tuft of wiry leaves, 1-2 ft.
high. Inflorescence slender, up to 6 in. long. Spikelets ⅓ in. long on
short fine stalks. Glumes hairy. Awns hairy, column as well as the long
middle branch.
Red Sea Prov. (Sinkat and Khor Tamanib); Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
=A. papposa= _Trin._ and _Rupr._
Annual, growing in small scanty tufts up to 2 ft. high. Leaves not all
basal, wiry. Inflorescence narrow, lax; spikelets narrow, pointed, ⅓ in.
long. Awn long, with a tuft of fine silky hairs at the junction of the
column and the branches. One branch long and feathery at the tip.
Khartoum Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Prairies 20-80 miles N.E.
of El Fasher).
=A. plumosa= _Linn._ SIMEIMA (or SUMEIMA), GABBAH (Kordn), BAYAD (N.
Kordn), ANNAS (W. Dongola)—Arab.
Perennial, similar in habit to _A. papposa_, but generally denser in
growth and shorter. Awn with middle branch 2-3 in. long, feathery above,
smooth below.
Red Sea Prov. (Lat. 21° N.); Between Halfa and Dongola Prov.; Berber
Prov. (Abu Hamed).
=A. acutiflora= _Trin._
Perennial grass up to 2 ft. high with thin, wiry, hairy stems. Leaves
also wiry, drying light brown, often in tufts on the stem. Inflorescence
up to 4 in. long, very narrow, lax, with very narrow, acute pointed
spikelets. Awn feathery.
Between Suakin and Berber; Kordofan Prov. (Hassania).
896 =Tragus racemosus= _All._
Annual grass growing in tufts, from a few inches to 1 ft. high. Stems
many-jointed and bent, leafy. Panicle 1-4 in. long, slender, moderately
dense. Spikelets about ⅛-⅙ in. long, narrow, and pointed, with rows of
strong hooked spines along the five prominent ribs.
Red Sea Prov. (Lat. 21° N.); Blue Nile Prov. (general); Kordofan Prov.
(Um Marba and Abu Garad).
=T. paucispina= _Hack._ MASABIGH (Khartoum Prov.)—Arab.
Small tufted desert grass up to 8 in. high (generally much less). Stems
leafy. Leaf blades short (about 1 in.). Inflorescence generally not so
dense as _T. racemosus_ and the spines finer and straighter.
Between Suakim and Berber (Wadi Sarrawib and Khor Kokreb); Khartoum
Prov. (Soba).
897 =Latipes senegalensis= _Kunth._
A perennial grass, growing in tufts with thin wiry leafy stems up to 10
in. high. Leaves very narrow, inrolled. Inflorescence 2-6 in. long, very
loose, narrow, with a conspicuously wavy axis. Spikelets dark coloured
on wide spaced, wavy, flattened stalks, two to a stalk. The lowest
partly enclosed in a long leaf sheath. Glumes covered below with thick
fleshy spines drawn to a fine point in upper half with the edges thickly
fringed with fine spines.
Red Sea Prov. (Sinkat and Lat. 21° N.). Kordofan Prov. (Bareis and
Shitangul).
898 =Perotis latifolia= _Ait._
Annual or subperennial grass, tufted and leafy at the base, stems bent,
from a few inches to 1½ ft. long. Leaves lance-shaped, up to 3 in. by ⅓
in. wavy, with rigid hairs along the edge. Spike slender, 3-8 in. long,
often purplish, rather dense. Spikelets about 1/12 in. long with a long
soft awn which gives the resemblance of a dog’s tail to the
inflorescence.
Bahr el Ghazal (Mittu land); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
899 =Sporobolus= near =S. minutiflorus= _Link._ TENTIT (Meshra el
Zeraf)—Arab.
Annual grass 1½-3 ft. high, with tufted slender stems. Leaves 6-9 in.
long, narrow and fine pointed. Panicle large (12-18 in.), open, branches
very fine and numerous. Spikelets on the end of very fine branchlets,
dark, about 1/30 in. long.
White Nile Prov.; Upper Nile Prov. (Meshra el Zeraf); Mongalla Prov.
(Bor.).
=S. festivus= _Hochst._ DEFERA-MELAIHA—Arab.
Perennial, compactly tufted grass ½-1 ft. long; leaves mostly basal,
thin and wiry, the sheaths persisting and forming dense tufts at the
base. Panicles 2-6 in. broad, oval in outline, very loose and spreading,
erect. Spikelets small, 1/25 in. long, solitary on very slender
pedicels.
Northern Sudan; Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s
Post); Kordofan (Khor Abu Habl); Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam land).
=var. fibrosus= _Stapf._
Similar in habit to above but with fibrous tufts of leaf sheaths at the
base. The stems are somewhat longer, also the panicle larger but the
spikelets are smaller.
Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
=var. stuppeus= _Stapf._
Resembling type, but with the basal inner fibrous leaf sheaths covered
with pallid, tow-like hairs. The panicle is less spreading, and the
spikelets larger (1/16 in.) than _S. festivus_.
Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas, Jur: Kutshuk Ali).
=S. spicatus= _Kunth._
Perennial grass with rigid, jointed stems, ½-1½ ft. high, growing in
small tufts on long runners. Leaves mostly basal, rigid, wiry, awl-like.
Panicle very narrow, cylindric, 2-3 in. long. Spikelets not stalked,
glossy.
Red Sea Prov. (Tokar, Dongonab, Soturba at Merza Gubetur. Lat. 21° N.);
Bahr el Jebel (Hillet el Nuer).
=S. pyramidalis= _P. Beauv._
Large grass, often robust, 3-6 ft. high. Leaves long, narrow, strongly
ribbed. Panicle ½-1¼ ft. long by 1-2 in. wide, branches fine, ⅓ in.
long, not spreading much. Spikelets small (about 1/20 in), very short
stalked, crowded on the branches.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Banks of
the Nile; Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas, Bongo, Gurfala; Niamniam
land); Bahr el Jebel (Hillet el Nuer and Bari).
=S. scabriflorus= _Stapf._
Annual, 6-18 in. high, frequently having flowering branches springing
from a leaf sheath about the middle of the stem. Leaves 1-2 in. long by
⅓ in. broad, lance-shaped, with short coarse bristles along the edges.
Panicle up to 4 in. long by 1½ in. wide, lax, open, branches in whorls.
Spikelets 1/20-1/9 in. long, slightly hairy, stamens 2, seeds black.
Bahr el Ghazal (Jur Ghattas).
=S. humifusus= _Kunth._ =var. cordofanus= _Stapf._
Annual, tufted, grass up to 1 ft. high, with many fine, jointed, bent
stems rising from a common base. Leaves lance-shaped, about 1 in. long,
bordered with fine white bristles. Panicle 1½ in. by 1 in., fairly
compact. Branches fine, about 1 in. long, spreading. Spikelets up to
1/12 in. long, stamens 3.
Khartoum Prov.; White Nile Prov. (Geteina); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Garad).
=S. Schweinfurthii= _Stapf._
Tall perennial grass. Stems erect, stout. Leaves long, narrow, with fine
white hairs. Panicle 1 ft. by 1½-2½ in., branches fine, up to 2 in.
long, not spreading much. Spikelets on short stalks, grain blackish.
Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam land, Ibba River near Nganye).
=S. robustus= _Kunth._
Tall, perennial, strong growing grass, stems 3-8 ft. long, from an often
prostrate and rooting base. Leaves long and narrow, ½-1 ft. by ⅛-¼ in.,
with weak white hairs. Panicle long and narrow with branches interrupted
from the base. Spikelets up to 1/10 in. long.
Red Sea Prov. (Lat. 21° N., Khor Tamaneb, Tokar); Between Suakin and
Berber (Khor Haraza); Darfur Prov.
=S. glaucifolius= _Hochst._ AKRASH (Meshra el Zeraf) & LUH or LUKH
(Kordn)—Arab; ERKA—Rashida; EINWI—Hadendowa.
Perennial, densely tufted grass, grey green in colour and covered with a
waxy bloom. Stems 12-18 in. long, many jointed, woody and bent below.
Leaves mostly short and narrow. Panicle narrow, interrupted, 3-5 in.
long, very pale. Spikelets very shortly stalked, up to 1/14 in. long.
A good fodder grass.
Northern Sudan and Red Sea District; Blue Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.
(Katul Gombara, Safra, Khor Abu Habl); Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra el
Zeraf).
900 =Desmostachya cynosuroides= _Stapf._ HALFA—Arab.
Tall, coarse, perennial grass growing in clumps up to 3½ ft. high,
branched from the base, branches covered with leathery sheaths. Leaves
very long, rigid, tips fine pointed. Panicle 6-18 in. by about 1 in.
erect, spikelets crowded on short branches.
The leaves are used for making coarse ropes.
Widely distributed in Northern Sudan along river banks and in Khors;
Kassala Prov.
901 =Eragrostis pilosa= _P. Beauv._ NUA—Dinka; AROA—Shilluk.
Annual grass growing in tufts, very variable in height (3 in. to 3 ft.),
stems slender, shiny. Leaves few, short and narrow. Panicle very
variable in size, very delicate, flexuous, loose. Branches long and
fine, spikelets on fine branchlets, 5-11 flowered, up to 1/5 in. long,
very narrow.
Widely distributed throughout the Sudan.
=E. cf. E. pilosa= _Beauv._
Similar to _E. pilosa_, but larger generally and more leafy. (Panicle up
to 1 ft.).
Red Sea Prov. (Tokar, south of delta).
=E. cf. E. ægyptiaca= _Del._
Annual growing in low tufts. Sudan specimen much reduced; structurally
similar to _E. pilosa_ but spikelets not stalked. 15-20 flowered.
White Nile Prov. (Geteina).
=E. tenuifolia= _Hochst._
Perennial grass with slender stems 1½-3 ft. high, leaves very narrow,
needle-like, often long. Panicle 3-6 in., very open. Spikelets on long,
fine stalks, ⅓ in. by ⅙ in., glumes long pointed, giving a saw-edge
effect.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River, in cultivation).
=E. chalcantha= _Trin._
Perennial, densely tufted grass, stems slender, ½-1 ft. long, 1-jointed,
upper joint ¾ length of stem. Leaves mostly basal, narrow, fine
tapering, 1-4 in. long by 1/12-⅛ in., crowned with soft white glandular
hairs. Panicle narrow, branches short, spikelets olive grey, up to ⅓ in.
long, narrowly oval.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=E. major= _Host._ BANU (Khartoum)—Arab.
Annual grass, growing in small tufts, stems slender, but strong, ½-2 ft.
high. Leaves few, 2-6 in. long, tapering to fine point, glandular along
the edges. Panicle 2-6 in. long, moderately dense, erect. Branches
spreading, stiff, longer at base. Spikelets large, up to ⅓ in. by ⅛ in.,
many flowered. Grain round.
Northern and Central Sudan; Kordofan and Bahr el Ghazal (Jur Ghattas and
Niamniam land).
=E. Barrelierii= _Desv._
Annual grass growing in tufts up to about 1 ft. high. Stems slender,
many jointed. Leaves not glandular. Inflorescence rigid, 1½-3 in. long,
1-1½ in. broad. Branches many, subopposite. Spikelets short stalked,
many flowered, up to ½ in. long by 1/16 in. broad.
Halfa Prov. (Halfa).
=E. tremula= _Hochst._ BINNU or BANU (Kordn)—Arab.
Tufted annual, 6 in. to 2½ ft., stems 3-4-jointed. Leaves narrow, mostly
basal, sometimes glandular. Panicle very large, broad, very loose,
branches solitary. Spikelets nodding, on long, very fine stalks, many-
flowered, up to 1 in. long by 1/12 in. broad.
Blue Nile Prov. (Rufaa); Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Kordofan Prov. (Abu
Garad, Hilla el Jebel, El Obeid, Khor Abu Habl); Bahr el Ghazal Prov.
(Niamniam land).
=E. superba= _Peyr._
Perennial, densely tufted grass with offshoots along the stems, 2-3 ft.
high. Panicle erect, 4-10 in. long, often interrupted below. Spikelets
almost round or oval, large, ¼-¾ in. by 1/5-1/3 in., straw coloured or
purplish, irregularly placed on very unequal stalks.
Mongalla Prov. (Rejaf, near mountain).
=E. obtusa= _Munro._
Densely tufted perennial with numerous leafy shoots along stem, stems
wiry, ½-1½ ft. long. Leaves very narrow, tapering to a very fine point.
Panicle 2-4 in. long, rather lax. Spikelets large, 1/8-1/5 in., roundish
or oval on very fine stalks, nodding in wind.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=E. rubiginosa= _Trin._
Tufted annual, with solitary stems arising from a basal tuft of leaves,
up to about 1 ft. high. Leaves about 3 in. long by ¼ in., lance-shaped,
tinged with red. Inflorescence small, consisting of 5 or 6 short
branches, bearing broad heart-shaped spikelets, which are tinged with
red.
Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=E. near E. Tholloni= _Franch._
Grass with dense basal tuft of leaves and fibrous sheaths. Leaves long,
narrow, tapering. Flowering stem solitary, up to 2 ft. high.
Inflorescence fairly loose, oval, with fine wavy branches about 1 in.
long, bearing large, broad, heart-shaped spikelets of yellow colour.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
=E. ciliaris= _Link._
Tufted annual 2 in.-1 ft. high, or more; stems slender, hairless or
nearly so, bent at the base, 3-4-jointed, leaves narrow, finely pointed,
short. Spikes dense, 2-6 in. long, narrow, cylindrical. Spikelets
densely crowded, pale, sometimes purplish, 1/10 in. long, 6-12 flowered,
glumes hairy.
Red Sea Prov. (Soturba, at Mersa Elei, and Lat. 21° N., Khor Tamanib,
Tokar); Khartoum Prov.; Kordofan Prov. (El Obeid); Bahr el Ghazal Prov.
(Jur Ghattas, and Niamniam land); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=E. interrupta= _P. Beauv._ HOLAGOYA & HEILAGŪT (N. Kordn)—Arab.
Annual, very variable in size, 2 in.-3 ft. high, stem bent at base.
Panicle with erect stiff branches, more or less contracted or slightly
spreading. Spikelets very small, green or pale brown, 1/12-¼ in. long,
glumes not hairy.
Atbara River; Berber Prov. (El Mesherif and Gubba); Khartoum Prov.; Blue
Nile Prov.; Fung Prov.; Kordofan Prov.
=E. namaquensis= _Nees._
Tufted annual, 6 in.-2 ft. high, stem erect, slender. Leaves narrow.
Panicle long and narrow, contracted or loose; spikelets usually crowded,
1/12 in. long, 5-6 flowered, light purplish or brownish.
White Nile Prov. (Jebel Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Bahr el Ghazal Prov.
(Jur Ghattas).
=E. aspera= _Nees._ HEMEIRA (Khartoum)—Arab.
Tufted annual 2-4 in. high. Panicle large, open, 10-20 in. long by 4-6
in. broad. Spikelets narrow, blunt, 1/5 in. long, 4-16 flowered, pale or
tinged with purple, glumes rough.
Red Sea Prov. (Tokar and Lat. 21° N.); Blue Nile Prov. (Kamlin);
Khartoum Prov.; Fung Prov. (Roseires); Darfur Prov. (Kulme); Bahr el
Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam land).
902 =Diplachne fusca= _Beauv._
Coarse perennial growing in compact tufts, stems stout, 3-5 ft. long,
3-jointed, branched, with leafy shoots springing from the lower. Leaf
blades more or less rigid, 3-6 in. by 1/12-⅛ in. Panicle 9-18 in. long,
narrow, slightly nodding, consisting of numerous slender branches up to
5 in. long, not spreading. Spikelets ¼-½ in. long, 5-10 flowered, very
shortly stalked, olive grey in colour.
White Nile Prov. (Jebel Arashkol).
903 =Leptochloa chinensis= _Nees._
A rather coarse annual, stems stout, erect, 2-4 ft. high, many jointed.
Leaves long, 6-18 in., narrow, grey-green. Panicle 6-18 in., consisting
of numerous slender, flexuous branches, often spreading. Spikelets
crowded on the branches, not stalked, dark colour, about 1/10 in. long.
Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Wau).
=L. sp.=
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
904 =Schoenefeldia gracilis= _Kunth._ DANAB EL NAGA, EMFERID (Blue
Nile), GAU DUMBELAD (N. Kordn)—Arab.
Annual with slender wiry stems growing in tufts, up to 18 in. high.
Leaves very narrow, inrolled at the edges. Spikes 2 or 3, digitate, each
2-4 in. long, axis densely covered with 2 ranks of small spikelets (1/12
in. long), bearing long, flexuous awns up to 1½ in. long.
Northern and Central Sudan; Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Jebel Barkin,
Suruj district).
905 =Microchloa setacea= _R. Br._
Perennial, growing in compact tufts, stems very slender, from 2 in. to
more than 1 ft. long. Leaves crowded at the base, short, rigid and wiry,
the basal sheaths breaking into fibres. Spikes solitary, 1-6 in. long,
very slender, little thicker than the stems, usually curved, often
purplish. Spikelets 1-flowered in a single row, up to ⅛ in. long, widely
spaced on the axis of the spike.
Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
906 =Cynodon Dactylon= _Pers._ NAGIL, DIFRAT EL KHAIL (N. Kordn)—Arab;
BURTIT (Dilling)—Nuba.
Perennial, creeping grass, forming matted tufts, with short, ascending,
slender, many jointed branches from a few inches to 1 ft. long.
Spikelets minute, 1-2-ranked on 3-6 digitate spikes. A common grass, an
excellent fodder, very suited to the making of lawns.
Throughout the Sudan.
907 =Enteropogon macrostachya= _Munro._