Matamma); Khartoum Prov. (Jebel Royan, Omdurman and Soba); Blue Nile
Prov.; Fung Prov. (Abu Naama); Kordofan Prov. (Jebel Abu Sunun); Darfur
Prov. (E. of El Fasher and Kulme).
=C. near C. proximus= _Stapf._
Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
=C. nervatus= _Chiov._ NĀL. HAMAREIB, MARHABEIB, MAHAREIB, and TEITALIB
(Kord)—Arab; SHIREIH (Dilling)—Nuba; NGEINY (Ying)—Nuer.
Annual (?) grass up to 3 ft. high. Panicle narrow, spatheate, similar to
previous species, but lower glume of fertile spikelet with conspicuous
long oil streaks on both ends of the groove.
This grass is much used for thatching. It contains a volatile oil which
has been examined by the Govt. Chemist; vide W.T.R.L. report, 1921.
Widely distributed in plains of Central Sudan.
=C. excavatus= _Stapf._
Perennial 2-4 ft. high. Inflorescence smaller and more open than above,
also darker in colour, oil streaks obscure. Base and adjacent pedicel of
sessile raceme joined together.
Khartoum Prov. (Soba); Blue Nile Prov. (Dinder River).
=C. giganteus= _Chiov._ MARAIRA (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab; NŪR (Meshra El
Zeraf)—Dinka.
Tall perennial up to 8 ft. high. Inflorescence frequently over 1 ft.
long, very open, spatheate, and clustered as preceding; joints and
pedicels densely hairy; base and adjacent pedicel of sessile raceme
joined; oil streaks confined to upper portion of the lower glume of the
sessile spikelet. Awn up to ½ in. long, bent about the middle.
Kordofan Prov. (Megenas and J. Kōn); Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El
Zeraf to Hillet Kaka); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
866 =Hyparrhenia finitima= _Stapf._
Perennial grass up to 6 ft. high. Inflorescence long, narrow, open,
reddish. Racemes in pairs, dense, enclosed in a narrow, pointed spathe
with reddish hairs. Awns slender, about 1¾ in. long, bent, twisted, and
hairy.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma), Khor Utrub.
=H. rufa= _Stapf._ BURNUS (Rahad River)—Arab.
Perennial grass up to 8 ft. long, tufted. Spatheate panicle large, very
lax; peduncles of racemes up to 2½ in. long, protruding from the tightly
rolled spatheoles; spikelets reddish with reddish short hairs. Awns ¾ to
1¼ in., hairy below the bend. Used for thatching and fencing.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post and Zamarka); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo
land, Kulongo Jm, Jur Ghattas); Darfur Prov. (Kulme); Bahr El Jebel
(Lat. 5° N.).
=H. hirta= _Stapf._ HAMERAI Arab.
Perennial grass up to 3 ft. high, densely tufted; leaf blades very
narrow, from a few inches to 12 in. long. Spatheate panicle up to 12 in.
long, racemes scanty and far apart. Spatheoles very narrow, reddish,
tapering to a long fine point; racemes with white hairs. Awns up to 1
in. long, dark brown.
Nubia (J. Waratab; Wadi Arab, between Suakin and Berber); Red Sea Prov.
(Erkowit, near Khor Ashat); Kordofan Prov. (Khor Abu Habl).
=H. Barteri= _Stapf,_ =var. calvescens= _Stapf._
Annual up to 1 ft. high. Leaves up to 1 ft. by 1/5 in. Spatheate panicle
rather dense, with long slender branches bearing fan-shaped groups of
spatheolate racemes. Awns 2 per raceme pair, up to over 2 in. long,
shortly hairy.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov. (Gigging).
=H. Ruprechtii= _Fourn._
Perennial, up to 10 ft. high, forming dense clumps. Leaves very narrow
and tapering. Spatheate panicle erect, narrow and interrupted,
spatheoles narrow, pointed, up to 3 in. long, reddish; fertile spikelets
over ¼ in. long, oblong. Awns about 3 in. long.
Used for thatching and fencing.
Bahr El Jebel (Shambe and Madi).
=H. macrolepis= _Stapf._
Annual 5-8 ft. high. Inflorescence similar to _H. Ruprechtii_, but
fertile spikelets larger (nearly ½ in. long), and awns up to 5 in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=H. pseudocymbaria= _Stapf._ ANSORA (River Rahad)—Arab.
Annual up to over 3 ft. high, showy by reason of the boat-shaped
spatheoles, which remain after maturity, and enclose the racemes; these
spatheoles are vividly coloured from bright red to yellowish brown. Awns
up to 2½ in. long with brown silky hairs.
Fung Prov. (Roseires and Jongol’s Post); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 7,500
ft. and Kulme, 3,600 ft.).
=H. cymbaria= _Stapf._
Tall handsome grass, perennial, 6-20 ft. high; leaf blades very narrow.
Spatheate panicle often very large and dense, spatheoles boat-shaped,
coloured vivid red or purple, racemes protruding from the spatheoles;
spikelets hairy, coloured green and purple; awns about ½ in. long.
Darfur (Jebel Marra, 8,000 ft.); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam land;
Atasilli Brook).
=H. variabilis= _Stapf._
Tall handsome perennial grass up to 10 ft. high. Inflorescence over 1
ft. long, narrow, fairly open, very similar to preceding, but peduncles
rather larger (¼ in.) and sessile spikelets up to nearly ½ in. long,
awns up to 1¼ in. long.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=H. confinis= _Anders._
Annual grass, 3 ft. and over high. Inflorescence long, very loose and
open, more or less leafy. Spatheoles boat-shaped, up to 2 in. long,
narrow and tapering. Peduncles about equalling the spatheoles. Awns up
to 3 in. long, stout and twisted. The whole plant light reddish brown.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
=var. pellita= _Stapf._ Leaves more rigid and narrower than in the type.
Kassala Prov. (Matamma, Gallabat).
=H. macrarrhena= _Stapf._
Handsome annual grass about 3 ft. high. Inflorescence long, very open.
Spatheoles purplish, up to 1½ in. long, narrow, boat-shaped; spikelets
light yellow, hairy; peduncle much shorter than spatheoles. Awns stout,
about 3 in. long. Joints of stem with a spreading beard.
Bahr El Ghazal (Bongo land).
=H. diplandra= _Stapf._
Tall perennial, up to over 12 ft. high, densely tufted from a short
rhizome. Spatheate panicle large, narrow, loose, often over 2 ft. long.
Spatheoles very narrow, 1-1¼ in. long, edges finally inrolled, purplish
or brown in colour. Long spikelets in tufts on long slender peduncles.
Awns finely hairy, 1½-2½ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas, Bongo, Tonj River); Mongalla Prov.
(Yei River).
=H. cornucopiæ= _Stapf._
Handsome grass, spatheate panicle leafy, very loose and open, up to 1
ft. high, spatheoles narrowly lanceolate, up to 3 in. long, purplish;
axis of the racemes produced into a cup-like appendage nearly ½ in.
long. Awn stout, up to 4½ in. long, very hairy with short brown hairs.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
867 =Monocymbium ceresiiforme= _Stapf._
Perennial grass 1-4 ft. high; leaves often very hairy. Inflorescence
narrow, loose; racemes solitary, much reduced in size, enclosed in a
larger coloured spatheole which is narrow and boat-shaped. Awns fine, up
to ½ in. long, kneed at and twisted below the middle, not hairy.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo land, Gir & Jur land); Jur Ghattas.
868 =Heteropogon contortus= _Roem._ & _Schult._
Tufted perennial up to over 3 ft. high, leaves narrow, mostly growing
from the base. Inflorescence a single slender terminal raceme, from 1½
to over 6 in. long. Spatheoles narrow, tapering, about ⅓ in. long,
hairy. Awns, stout, kneed, 2 to over 4 in. long, dark brown, often
twisted together.
This grass is known as Spear Grass. It frequently causes trouble to
cattle and horses, as the sharp-pointed seeds stick in the mouth and
penetrate the skin. It forms good hay if cut before it flowers.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra); Nuba Mts.
Prov. (J. Ghulfan); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas and Niamniam
land); Mongalla Prov. (Gemeiza).
869 =Themeda triandra= _Forsk._
Coarse perennial grass 1½-4 ft. high, tufted, often with a layer of
withered fibres at the base. Inflorescence of scanty, scattered,
spatheate panicles and long stalks, resembling tassels. Spatheoles
narrow, purple or red, up to 2 in. long; spikelets much shorter, about ½
in., with long hairs; awns long, black, twisted, stout.
A valuable fodder grass.
Darfur Prov.
870 =Digitaria horizontalis= _Willd._
Annual grass, from one to several feet high; stems tufted, ascending
from a bent, more or less prostrate base, hairy, up to ½ in. wide.
Inflorescence of 4 to many racemes on a common axis (digitate), 1½-6 in.
long, finely hairy. Spikelets continuous, pressed close to the axis, up
to ½ in. long, awnless, lower glume reduced to a small, ovate,
membranous scale; upper 3-nerved with lines of silky hairs between the
hairs on the margins, axis with long, spreading, very fine glistening
hairs.
A good fodder grass.
Red Sea Prov. (Lat. 21° N.; sea coast, to between 3,000 to 4,000 ft.);
Fung Prov. (Bunzaga); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River); Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
=D. marginata= _Link._
Annual grass, 1 to over 2 ft. high. Leaves up to ⅓ in. broad, hairy.
Racemes 4-9, digitate, consisting of small spikelets, appressed to the
axils, rather larger than above, also upper glume more pointed.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=var. fimbriata= _Stapf._ More silky than above.
Berber Prov.
=var. nubica= _Stapf._ Spikelets smooth, not hairy.
Halfa Prov.; Dongola Prov. (Between Old Dongola and Merowe); Berber and
Khartoum Prov.
=D. gayana= _Stapf._
Annual, 1-4 ft. high. Leaves with coarse pale hairs; racemes 2-6,
digitate. Spikelets up to nearly ⅙ in. long, with a copious silvery or
purplish lateral fringe of hairs, which is produced into a long brush-
like point.
Kordofan Prov. (Um Marba).
=D. xanthotricha= _Stapf._
Annual, 2-3 ft. high, smooth or sparingly hairy. Racemes two, one
sessile, the other shortly peduncled, or 3-4 sessile, digitate.
Spikelets with one transverse and two lateral fringes of brown coloured
or reddish hairs.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=D. ternata= _Stapf._
Annual, stems ½-2 ft. long. Leaves sparingly hairy. Racemes 2-7,
digitate, very slender, 2-6 in. long, with spikelets not so close as in
preceding. Spikelets ½ in. long, ovate, hairy, hairs with thick walls
and club-shaped tips, produced to form a short terminal tuft or beard.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
=D. abyssinica= _Stapf._
Perennial grass with a long, slender, creeping, often branching rhizome;
up to 1 ft. high. Leaves smooth, narrow, strongly ribbed. Racemes 2-9,
at the apex of a common axis. Spikelets rather loose, elliptic acute,
1/12 in. long.
A bad weed.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River, Kagulu).
=D. debilis= _Willd._
Annual, springing from a prostrate, branching and rooting base, 1-2 ft.
high. Leaves narrow, small, upper 4 in. by ¼ in., lower 1 in. by ⅛ in.
Racemes 5-11, digitate, pale green. Spikelets rather loose, up to ⅛ in.
long, slender, very pointed, not hairy.
A good fodder grass.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli) Kordofan Prov.
=D. pennata= _Chiov._
Bushy grass up to 3 ft. high (generally smaller), with a short rhizome
producing tufts of fresh growths, covered at the base with white hairy
scales. Stems very slender, wiry, producing barren branches from the
lower, and tufted flowering branches from the upper joints. Racemes 6-10
in a whorl, very slender, up to 5 in. long, digitately arranged.
Spikelets oval, about ⅛ in. long, in pairs, widely spaced, with long
fine spreading hairs.
Nubia; Red Sea Prov.
=D. uniglumis= _Stapf,_ =var. major= _Stapf._
Tall perennial grass up to 10 ft. high. Leaves 2 ft. long and ½ in.
wide. Inflorescence up to 2 ft. long, consisting of racemes (up to 10
in. long), gathered into a panicle. Spikelets small, rarely 1/12 in.
long, oval, closely arranged, glossy chestnut brown in colour.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo; Gurfala; Niamniam-land, near Nganye by the
Ibba River).
=D. intecta= _Stapf._
Annual, up to 3 ft. high. Leaf sheath strongly ribbed, covered with
short stiff hairs. Racemes 8-20, gathered into a brush-like panicle 5-8
in. long. Spikelets very small, about 1/20 in. long, beset with fine
white hairs, glossy chestnut brown in colour.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma).
871 =Alloteropsis semialata= _Hitchcock._
Perennial grass, compactly tufted on a short rhizome, with a thick basal
coat of silky hairy leaf bases or their remains. Stems erect, 1-3 ft.
high. Leaves strongly ribbed, very narrow. Inflorescence mostly of 2-3
racemes, occasionally one, sometimes 3-4, springing from the same joint,
1½-8 in. long. Axis wavy, triangular in section. Spikelets loosely
arranged, tassel-like. Lower floret of papery texture, transparent,
mottled with brown; upper with valve, produced into a fine bristle up to
⅛ in. long.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Gendua River).
872 =Eriochloa acrotricha= _Hack._
Tufted annual. Stems leafy, ½ to over 2 ft. long. Inflorescence a narrow
panicle 1½-4 in. long with a few, or up to 10, racemes widely spaced on
the same axis. Spikelets in 2 series, dorsally compressed; lower glume
rudimentary, forming with the base of the stalk a bead-like process,
oval pointed, with a fine bristle, up to ⅙ in. long.
Nubia, Red Sea Prov. (Sinkat); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile
Prov. (J. Arashkol); Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf).
873 =Brachiaria dictyoneura= _Stapf._
Perennial 1½-3 ft. high, leaves narrow, sheathing the flower stalk.
Inflorescence consisting of 3-6 widely spaced spike-like racemes, having
the spikelets arranged on one side. Racemes dense, about 2 in. long;
spikelets largish, 1/5 in. long, oval, silkily hairy, often flushed with
purple, lower glume present, almost as long as the spikelet, 11-nerved.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov.
=B. fulva= _Stapf._
Perennial up to 3 ft. high. Leaves narrow. Inflorescence of a similar
type to above, but racemes 4-12, closer spaced, 1¾ in. long, arched,
with reddish or yellowish hairs. Spikelets densely hairy, closely
arranged, about ⅛ in. long, oval.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur. Agada, Bongo land, Matia Addai); Mongalla
Prov. (Yei River).
=B. stigmatisata= _Stapf._
Annual, over 2 ft. high, ascending from a leafy base. Leaves broad,
narrowly oval with crisped spiny margins, from 1 to over 7 in. long by
¼-½ in. wide. Inflorescence of 1-3 spike-like racemes, widely spaced on
a common axis, ¾-2 in. long. Racemes dense, 1-2½ in. long; spikelets
closely arranged, 1/16 to 1/5 in. long, not hairy, prominently nerved,
pale yellowish.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=B. mutica= _Stapf._
Perennial grass 3-6 ft. high (occasionally 8 ft.). Leaves smooth,
narrow, hairy on the sheaths. Inflorescence 4-8 in. long, consisting of
numerous, sometimes paired racemes 1-3 in. long. Spikelets about ⅛ in.
long, almost touching, oval; stigmas blackish purple, very conspicuous.
A valuable fodder grass.
White Nile Prov. (Lat. 12° 10′ N.); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=B. brizantha= _Stapf._
Perennial, coarse grass up to over 6 ft. high, leaves narrow, up to 15
in. long. Inflorescence one-sided, consisting of 2-8 arching racemes,
widely set apart on a common axis, which is triangular in section.
Racemes usually long, up to 6 in., closely set with rather large (¼ in.
long) swollen spikelets. Lower glume small, conspicuously nerved, often
purple, clasping the spikelet.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam
country, Ibba River, Nganye and Bongo-Land, Gir and Kulongo); Mongalla
Prov. (Yei River).
=B. callopus= _Stapf._
Annual, over 2 ft. high, copiously rooting from the lower nodes. Leaves
sheathing the flowering stem, narrow, finely hairy inside. Inflorescence
erect, about 6 in. long, of 6-8 erect, one-sided, almost equally distant
racemes. Axis sharply triangular, racemes dense, 2-ranked, 2 in. long
(the lowest), to ⅔ in. long (the upper). Spikelets touching, elliptic,
acute, pale straw coloured, definitely stalked, stalk globose.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo land: Gir).
=B. obtusiflora= _Stapf._ UM KHIRR—Arab; AJOAK—Dinka.
Annual up to 6 ft. high, stems stout. Leaves narrow, generally smooth.
Inflorescence up to over 6 in. long, very loose, consisting of 5-8
dense, spike-like racemes widely spaced on a common axis. Racemes 2-3
in. long; spikelets stalked, ½ in. long, ellipsoid in shape, swollen,
pale yellow.
A good fodder grass, the ripe seeds are edible.
Red Sea Prov.; Kordofan Prov. (Khor Abu Habl, Wad El Ghall, 40 miles S.
of Abu Zabbad); Upper White Nile Prov. (Goz el Siada).
=B. regularis= _Stapf._
Annual, rarely over 1½ ft. high, stems leafy; leaves broad (up to ½ in.)
and up to 6 in. long, tapering to a fine point. Inflorescence a loose
panicle of 5 to many lax racemes, which are about 2-3 in. long.
Spikelets long stalked, loosely scattered, small, elliptic.
Nubia (Shores of the Red Sea at Mirza Eleri, Lat. 22° 12′ N.L., Wadi
Dimehadit, between Suakin and Berber); Fung Prov. (Shellal); Kordofan
Prov. (Um Ruaba); Darfur Prov. (Suruj District and Kulme).
=B. glauca= _Stapf._
Perennial (?), 1 to almost 2 ft. high, densely tufted on a short
rhizome, pale green, stems slender. Leaves narrow, tapering.
Inflorescence 3-5 in. long, of 3-9 racemes, 1-1½ in. long at the base,
the upper shorter. Spikelets broad oblong, slightly swollen, about ⅛ in.
long, fairly closely set.
Nubia; Red Sea Prov. (Wadi Omareg, Sinkat).
=B. leersioides= _Stapf._
Annual, 1-2 ft. high, whole plant pale green, tufted, stems leafy,
leaves narrow, tapering. Inflorescence up to 6 in. long, very lax,
racemes 4-12, widely spaced, short (1½ in. long). Spikelets fairly
dense, on a wavy slightly hairy axis, about ⅛ in. long, rather narrow,
stalked.
Nubia; Red Sea Prov. (Wadi Omareg, Sinkat).
=B. Isachne= _Stapf._ DEFERA, EL KURDA (Kordn)—Arab.
Annual, 1-2 ft. high, loosely tufted, with fine fibrous roots and
slender spreading stems. The leaves are smooth, occasionally hairy, 1-2
in. long, by ¼-⅓ in. broad. The inflorescence is an erect narrow
panicle, 2-3 in. long of 5-12 erect racemes, which are pressed to the
axis and are ½-1 in. long; the spikelets are small, 1/16 in. long, all
arranged on one side, and closely packed in two rows, pale green or
purplish in colour, with very short stalks, which are softly hairy; the
lower glume is reduced to a minute nerveless scale.
A good fodder grass (not the common Defera, see No. 877).
Widely distributed.
=B. epaleata= _Stapf._
Annual, up to 1½ ft. high. Leaves fairly broad, tapering to a point, 2-4
in. by 1/6-5/12 in., margins crisped, cartilaginous. Panicle very loose,
2½-4 in. by 1-2 in., of 6-8 moderately distant racemes. Spikelets widely
set on racemes, which are 1½-3 in. long, stalks ⅛ in. long; lower glume
⅓ to ½ length of the spikelet, distinctly nerved.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat and Metamma).
=B. Kotschyana= _Stapf._
Annual, ½ to over 2 ft. high, stems rather stout and leafy; leaves broad
at the base and tapering to a point, 1-3 in. by 1/6-5/12 in., stiff and
somewhat succulent, margins cartilaginous, minutely spiny, markedly
crisped. Panicle up to over 6 in. long, loose, consisting to 6 to many
oblique, moderately distant racemes, the lowest ½ to over 3 in., the
upper gradually shortening. Spikelets in clusters, which are separated
by about their own length, lower glumes purple.
Kordofan Prov. (J. Kōn); Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Mongalla
Prov. (Yei River).
=B. jubata= _Stapf._
Kordofan Prov.
874 =Paspalum auriculatum= _Presl._
Probably perennial grass up to over 1½ ft. high; leaves broad, rounded
at the base, tapering to a fine point, 6-8 in. by ⅓-1 in. Inflorescence
of 3 racemes, with sometimes a fourth from the base of the peduncle, 1-2
in. long, axis winged at sides. Racemes 1½-3 in. long; spikelets
2-ranked crowded, ovate, ⅛ in. long, brown, smooth, conspicuously flat
on one side, which side is turned from the axis. Lower glume absent.
Bahr el Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam land; Tuhami’s Zariba).
=P. scrobiculatum= _Linn._ =var. Commersonii= _Stapf._
Perennial, 1 to over 2 ft. high. Leaves narrow, up to 9 in. by ⅓ in.,
from an equally wide or slightly narrowed base. Inflorescence of mostly
2, less often 3 or 1, very rarely 4, spike-like racemes at the end of a
flattened common axis. Racemes hairy at the base, from 1-2 in. long.
Spikelets 2-ranked, mostly back to back, roundly ovate, dull brown in
colour, lower glume absent.
A fodder grass, but reputed unwholesome at the time of ripening.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat Metamma); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Bahr el
Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas, Niamniam land); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
875 =Paspalidium desertorum= _Stapf._
Tufted perennial, springing from a hard, stout, brownish, creeping
rhizome; stems many jointed, often trailing, throwing up leafy branches
with swollen joints. Leaves smooth, grey-green in colour, and covered
with a waxy bloom, narrow from an equally wide base, tapering to a
point. Inflorescence from 1 to 6 in. long, of a varying number of short,
spike-like racemes pressed close to the axis, rather widely spaced
below, closer above. Racemes slender, 2 ranked; spikelets numerous,
ovate, acute, touching, about ⅛ in. long, sometimes tinged with purple,
falling at maturity. Lower glume developed.
A desert grass.
Red Sea Prov. (Wadi Omari, Wadi Yumga); Berber Prov. (Walad el Assal);
Kordofan Prov.
876 =Urochloa trichopus= _Stapf._
Annual, forming small tufts, 1-3 ft. high; leaves fairly broad,
sheathing at the base, tapering to an acute point, 2½-6 in. by ½-6 in.,
pale, smooth with hairy margins, or sometimes hairy all over.
Inflorescence of 4-9 erect, often slightly bent, plump, one-sided
racemes. Racemes very dense, 2-ranked, up to 2½ in. long. Spikelets very
close, overlapping, broad ovate, over ⅙ in. long, pale green. Glumes
papery, hairy, lower glume developed.
Very similar to _Brachiaria_, but distinguished by the arrangement of
the spikelets, and by the presence of a short fine point from the obtuse
apex of the fertile valve.
Red Sea Prov. (Tokar); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Haraza, Katul Gambara).
=U. pullulans= _Stapf._
Perennial, from a short rhizome covered with thin yellowish scales,
stems erect, up to 3 ft. Leaves often hairy, rather broad in the well
developed specimens, base broad, clasping, tapering to a fine point.
Inflorescence of 5-10 (sometimes fewer), spikelike, one-sided racemes,
2-3½ in. long. Spikelets elliptic-oblong, often purplish, axis wavy.
Glumes membranous, the lower almost as long as the upper; the short
sharp point of the fertile valve conspicuous, not very hairy in Sudan
specimens.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin-Tokar road).
=U. Helopus= _Stapf._
Annual, tufted grass, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves pale, hairy, up to ½ in. wide
by up to 6 in. long. Lance-shaped. Inflorescence of 4-7, erect, rather
stiff, 2-ranked racemes, 1-2 in. long. Spikelets oval, sharply pointed,
strongly ribbed, rather swollen, lower glume less than ½ the length of
the spikelet.
Dongola Prov. Nubian Desert.
=U. insculpta= _Stapf._
Annual, grass up to 4-5 ft. high, growing in scanty tufts. Leaves broad
and round at the base, long tapering to a slender point, up to 9 in.
long, and 1 in. wide, pale, very slightly, if at all, hairy along the
edges. Inflorescence borne on a slender stalk, brush-like, consisting of
many (sometimes reduced to 5 or 6), erect, crowded racemes, 1-3 in.
long. Spikelets up to ⅛ in. long (elliptic in shape, with a short strong
point), finely hairy. Lower glume ⅓ to ½ the length of the spikelet,
with 3-5 nerves.
A good fodder grass.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Metamma); Fung Prov. (Disa); Bahr el Ghazal
Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=U. reptans= _Stapf._
Prostrate or creeping grass, throwing up stems from the rooting joints
of the long decumbent base, the erect stems up to 1½ in. high. Leaves
broad, lance-shaped, up to 2½ in. long and ¾ in. broad, rounded at the
base, acutely pointed at the tip. Inflorescence from 1-3 in. long,
consisting of a few up to 12 obliquely erect, slender one-sided racemes
about 1 in. long, which are fairly widely placed on the axis. Spikelets
small (1/12 in.), often purplish, elliptic (lower glume very small). A
good fodder grass.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
877 =Echinochloa colona= _Link._ DEFERA or DIFERA—Arab.