long. Spike subsimple with 10-14 clusters of often 10-12 spikelets on a
rhachis 4-8 in. long; spikelets ¼ in. long, ellipsoid-oblong, chestnut-
coloured; nut white, tubercled on shoulders, minute.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=S. glandiformis= _Boeck._
Herb, nearly glabrous except ligule; stems 16-24 in. long. Leaves up to
1 ft. long. Panicle with lower peduncle remote, nearly included in
sheath of the bract, carrying oblong inflorescences with 6-12 nuts,
whence bracts ½-1½ in. long diverge; monœcious spikes none, or very few.
Spikelets nearly ¼ in. long, straw-coloured, marked with brown; nut ⅙
in. long, cylindric, tessellated, stalked, with short pallid 3- (ovate)
lobed straw-coloured hypog. disk, hardly longer than the stalks of the
nut.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas).
=S. globonux= _C. B. Clarke._
Leaves with spreading hairs or glabrate. Nut large, globose, tessellate,
minutely hairy on edge of reticulations; hypog. disc 3-lobed, lobes
subquadrate; otherwise as above.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=S. complanata= _Boeck._
Annual; stems 3 ft. long, minutely rusty retrorse scabrous. Leaves 4-12
in. long. Lowest axillary ped. hardly exserted from sheath; ped.
carrying 1-4 fem. fl.; nut-bearing spikelets ab. ¼ in. long, pale green
or reddish; spikelet bract as long as it; nut small, subglobose,
tessellated, pallid; hypog. disc short funnel-shaped with 3 thin straw-
coloured ovate lobes.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas).
=S. Schimperiana= _Boeck._ =var. hypoxis= _C. B. Clarke._
Slightly hairy herb; stems 16 in. long. Leaves 12 in. long, ¼ in. or
more broad, very obtuse at tip. Lowest axillary ped. exserted 1-2 in.,
carrying 3-5 nuts. Fem. spikelets ¼ in. long, chestnut-brown; nut large,
depressed globose, smooth, white; hypog. disc with 3 small oblong,
pallid lobes.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma).
=S. canaliculato-triquetra= _Boeck._
Robust herb; stem 3-5 ft. long. Leaves 8-12 by ¼-⅓ in. Lowest axillary
peduncle remote, often exserted 3-6 in., carrying up to 20-50 spikelets.
Nut ⅛ in. long, ovoid, white, smooth; 3 lobes of disc small, tipped with
minute tails.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas).
=S. gracillima= _Boeck._
Very slender, glabrous herb; stems 16-24 in. long, almost capillary,
each bearing 2-3 nuts. Leaves 4-8 in. long, narrow. Pan. very slender,
with few branches; lowest ped. remote, exserted ½-1½ in., nodding, with
1 nut. Spikelets all 1-sexual, the fem. scarcer, 1/6-1/5 in. long; nut
minute, globose, smooth, white; lobes of disc 3, short, rounded.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas).
=S. melanomphala= _Kunth._
Robust, glabrate to hairy herb; rhizome creeping; stems 2-3 ft. long,
scabrous to smooth, 3-angled. Leaves up to 24 by ⅓ in., scabrous on
margins. Infl. straggling 1-2 ft., compound, partial panicles dense
oblong to linear. Spikelets 1-sexual, ¼-⅓ in. long, green or mottled
with brown; nut ⅛ in. long, ovoid, smooth, white or with black tip; disc
obpyramidal, large, ruddy black, margin triangular yellow; lobes 0.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: River Hoo, Buddu); Mongalla Prov.
(Yei River).
=S. racemosa= _Poir._
Robust, glabrous herb; rhizome thick scaly; stems 3-6 ft. long. Leaves
1-2 ft. by ½-1¼ in. 3-nerved, scabrous on margins, near top suddenly
narrowed; sheaths 3-winged; ligule ovate 3-angular, up to ¼ in. long.
Infl. up to 1 ft. long; partial panicles 2-3 in. long on stout axillary
peduncles, forming a terminal compound panicle. Spikelets 1-sexual, 1/5
in. long, pallid or dark; fem. glumes ovate, shorter than nut; nut ¼-⅙
in. long, ovoid, white or coloured; disc thickened, the lobes forming a
cup with densely ciliate margin, holding the base of the nut.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River);
Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
838 =Diplacrum africanum= _C. B. Clarke._
Weak, nearly glabrous annual; stems tufted, 2-5 in. long, leafy. Leaves
1-1½ in. by 1/8-1/5 in., tip suddenly acuminate. Infl. of minute
axillary heads often all up the stem. Spikelets ab. 1/10 in. long,
ovate-lanc., greenish, all 1-sexual; nut minute, subglobose, white,
striate.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
839 =Eriospora schweinfurthiana= _C. B. Clarke._
Glabrous perennial; stems tufted, 2 ft. high, bearing leaves all the way
up. Leaves 4-16 by ¼ in.; sheaths stout, straw-coloured, imbricate,
striate, split as in grasses with a ring of short hairs in the mouth.
Pan. 8-14 in. long with several peduncles, 3-6 in. long, from each
sheath, often carrying narrow panicles. Spikelets ⅓ in. long, 2-3-fid,
dusky straw-coloured; bracts ovate, acuminate; glumes ovate; hypog.
hairs numerous, fine; sta. 1-3; nut from an ovoid base tapering into a
beak, altogether ab. 1/5 in. long; style short, branches 3, longer.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Baginze mountain).
=GRAMINEÆ.=
A KEY TO THE GENERA OF GRASSES.
Adapted from O. Stapf. in _Flora of Tropical Africa_, vol. ix.
Subfamily I. PANICOIDEÆ.
Mature spikelets falling entire from their pedicels, or with them;
perfect spikelets with two heteromorphous flowers, the upper perfect,
the lower male or barren.
Tribe I. MAYDEÆ. Sexes in different inflorescences, male spikelets in
large terminal panicles, female spikelets in “cobs” in the axils of the
lower leaves.
Only genus.
840 =Zea=
Tribe II. ANDROPOGONEÆ.
Spikelets in pairs, usually one sessile, the other stalked, very rarely
both stalked. Glumes more or less rigid, and firmer than the valves,
the lower always larger than the florets. Valves membranous, often
transparent, that of the upper floret awned or reduced to an awn, or
blunt.
A. Joints and pedicels more or less stout, three cornered or rounded.
i. Fertile spikelets 2-flowered; fertile floret awned from the sinus
of the 2-divided or 2-toothed valve.
(a) Racemes in pairs or digitate.
(b) Pedicelled spikelets developed; lower glume flat, keels
frequently winged or marginate.
841 =Ischæmum=
(bb) Pedicelled spikelets represented by a narrow curved pedicel,
lower glume convex, covered all over with transverse much raised
teeth or warts, not keeled.
842 =Thelepogon=
(aa) Racemes always solitary on the stems or branches. Glumes not
winged, the upper of the sessile spikelets with a silky-haired awn.
843 =Sehima=
ii. Fertile spikelets 1- or 2-flowered, fertile florets awnless.
(a) Racemes in spatheate inflorescences, racemosely arranged on a
common axis, or subpaniculate or solitary.
(b) Lower glume smooth, long tailed, racemes digitate, spikelets
2-flowered.
844 =Vossia=
(bb) Lower glume rough, not tailed, racemes panicled, spikelets
1-flowered.
845 =Jardinea=
(aa) Racemes at the end of the stems and their branches, in a false
spatheate panicle, or solitary and terminal on simple or sparingly
branched stems.
(b) Sessile spikelets small, globose, 1-flowered; joints and
pedicels fused.
846 =Manisuris=
(bb) Sessile spikelets not globose.
(c) Racemes usually more or less with long soft hairs, never
cylindrical, joints and pedicels moderately, stout, gaping.
(d) Spikelets 2-flowered, very softly hairy all over.
847 =Lasiurus=
(dd) Spikelets 1-flowered, racemes more or less hairy from the
joints and pedicels or the edges of the spikelets; lower glume
with a transparent oil-duct inside each keel, or a fringe of hairy
warts.
848 =Elyonurus=
(cc) Racemes smooth (not hairy), cylindrical, particularly when the
spikelets are closed.
(d) Pedicels and joints fused.
(e) Racemes stout, few from each stem, sessile spikelets
2-flowered.
849 =Rottbœllia=
(ee) Racemes slender in ample spatheate panicles, sessile,
spikelets 1-flowered.
850 =Ophiurus=
(dd) Pedicels free from the joints.
(e) Pedicels club-shaped, joints cup-shaped, gaping, spikelets of
each pair similar, 2-flowered smooth.
851 =Chasmopodium=
(ee) Pedicels and joints touching the main axis behind. Pedicels
spikelets usually much reduced, back of the lower glume usually
transversely rough.
852 =Rhytachne=
AA. Joints and pedicels slender, thread-like, of uniform width or wedge
or club-shaped; fertile spikelets usually 1-flowered and awned.
(i) All spikelets alike in shape and sex.
(a) Axis of racemes tough, all spikelets pedicelled. Racemes in
spike-like or spindle-shaped solitary panicles, spikelets blunt, not
awned, glumes delicate.
853 =Imperata=
(aa) Axis of racemes readily breaking up at joints; spikelets paired,
one sessile, the other pedicelled. Panicles wide, more or less
silvery and feathery; spikelets usually armed.
854 =Saccharum=
(ii) The spikelets of each pair different in sex and frequently also
in shape and size, or if alike in sex, then both male or neuter.
(a) Racemes in more or less compound espatheate panicles; pedicels
without a translucent middle line. Stalked spikelets male, neuter, or
quite suppressed. Awn from the sinus of the 2 divided valve.
(b) Spikelets compressed on the back (at least when in flower).
855 =Sorghum=
(bb) Spikelets more or less compressed laterally.
(c) Racemes of many pairs of spikelets.
856 =Vetiveria=
(cc) Racemes usually reduced to 1 sessile male, and 2 pedicelled or
barren spikelets.
857 =Chrysopogon=
(aa) Racemes not in compound espatheate panicles, or if so, then the
pedicels with a translucent middle line.
(b) Fertile valve awned from low down on the back.
859 =Arthraxon=
(bb) Fertile valve awned from the sinus of a 2-divided or 2-dentate
valve, or continuing the more or less minutely stalked valve.
(c) Margins of the lower glume of the fertile spikelets incurved
and the glume sharply 2-keeled more or less all along, with a
short, obtuse, hard point. Awn smooth or roughish, very rarely
hairy. _Andropogon_ (sp.).
(d) spikelets awned, the awn forming a continuation of the
minutely stalked fertile glume.
(e) Racemes digitate or racemosely arranged.
(f) Sessile spikelets of all pairs perfect, awned.
860 =Amphilophis=
(ff) Sessile spikelets of the lowest 1-3 pairs male or neuter,
and awnless.
861 =Dichanthium=
(ee) Racemes solitary.
858 =Eremopogon=
(dd) Awn from the sinus of the 2-divided or 2-toothed fertile
valve.
(e) Racemes solitary at the ends of the stalks and their
branches, usually gathered into a narrow, lax, spatheate, false
panicle; joints and pedicels often somewhat stout.
(f) Pedicelled spikelets not conspicuously larger than the
sessile, very often smaller to very small, upper glume awnless.
862 =Schizachyrium=
(ff) Pedicelled spikelets very much larger than the sessile,
almost concealing them; upper glume awned.
863 =Diectomis=
(ee) Racemes mostly in pairs at the end of undivided stalks, or
gathered into spatheate false, or true, panicles, each pair
supported or surrounded by a spathe; more rarely the racemes
digitate, the lateral always sessile, joints and pedicels narrow
and of uniform width.
(f) Racemes mostly in pairs or sometimes digitate at the end of
simple or almost simple stems.
864 =Andropogon=
(ff) Racemes always in pairs, with a spathe or sheath supporting
or surrounding each pair, gathered into often much divided
spatheate panicles, mostly aromatic grasses.
865 =Cymbopogon=
(cc) Margins of the lower glume of the fertile spikelet inrolled
and 2-keeled only close to the tips, with the hardened base
elongate and sharp pointed. Awn hairy or glabrous.
(d) Awn from the sinus of the 2-divided fertile valve.
(e) Racemes paired in more or less compound panicles; awn hairy.
Only genus.
866 =Hyparrhenia=
(ee) Racemes usually much reduced, solitary at the end of the
stalks and their branches, or in more or less compound panicles;
awns smooth.
Only genus.
867 =Monocymbium=
(dd) Awn from the minutely stalked fertile valve, hairy.
(e) Racemes many-jointed, solitary.
Only genus.
868 =Heteropogon=
(ee) Racemes few-jointed, much contracted solitary on the
branches of decompound panicles.
Only genus.
869 =Themeda=
Tribe III. PANICEÆ.
Spikelets in usually continuous spikes, racemes or panicles. Glumes thin
and green or membranous, the lower generally smaller, very small or
suppressed. Lower valve generally resembling the glumes in structure and
nerves, the upper fertile firmer, at length rigid, often papery to
brittle, awnless, very rarely shortly pointed (_Urochloa_,
_Alloteropsis_ sp.), or finely awned (_Alloteropsis_ sp.).
A. Inflorescence of usually slender (stout in _Alloteropsis_) spike-
like, digitate, very rarely solitary racemes. Fruiting valve with
usually flat, thin to transparent margins, often brown or black.
(a) Spikelets quite awnless.
870 =Digitaria=
(aa) Spikelets slender awned from the fertile valve.
871 =Alloteropsis=
AA. Inflorescence various, not as A. Fruiting valve with more or less
inrolled margins, usually brittle, straw coloured or whitish.
(a) Spikelets falling entire and singly from the persistent pedicels.
(b) Spikelets not awned, or if awned, with the awn from the undivided
tips of the upper glume and lower valve.
(c) Inflorescence not an open or contracted and cylindrical panicle,
usually composed of spikelike racemes, the spikelets of which face
one direction.
(d) Back of the fruit away from the axis.
(e) Lower glume rudimentary, forming with the base of its stalk a
swollen annular callus. Fruit minutely pointed.
872 =Eriochloa=
(ee) No callus at the base of the spikelet, lower glume present.
873 =Brachiaria=
(dd) Back of fruit turned to axis.
(e) Lower glume absent.
874 =Paspalum=
(ee) Lower glume developed.
(f) Glumes neither awned nor tailed.
(g) Spikelets crowded, more or less contiguous.
(h) Fruiting valve acute, not shortly pointed, spikelets
solitary, closely 2-rowed, false spikes rigid.
875 =Paspalidium=
(hh) Fruiting valve obtuse, abruptly short pointed or tipped,
spikelets solitary or paired, false spikes often curved or
bent.
876 =Urochloa=
(gg) Spikelets very laxly arranged, in one row.
878 =Acroceras=
(ff) Glumes with a tail or awn.
(g) Glumes awned from the undivided, acute or tapering tip, or
prolonged into a tail. Racemes dense, more or less one sided.
877 =Echinochloa=
(gg) Glumes awned from the slightly notched tip.
879 =Oplismenus=
(cc) Inflorescence an open panicle, or cylindrical and spikelike.
(d) Spikelets not supported by bristle-like branches, inflorescence
a panicle.
880 =Panicum=
(dd) Spikelets without bristles, but inflorescence composed of
cylindrical false spikes with a stout axis, spikelets more or less
swollen.
881 =Sacciolepis=
(ddd) All the spikelets, or only the upper of each branch supported
by bristle-like branchlets. Inflorescence cylindrical and spike-
like.
882 =Setaria=
(bb) Spikelets finely awned from the notched tips of the upper glume,
and barren valve.
(c) Upper glume swollen at or below middle, 5-nerved, nerves faint,
hidden by copious and long silky hairs.
883 =Tricholæna=
(cc) Upper glume, not swollen, 5-7-nerved, nerves conspicuous.
884 =Melinis=
(aa) Spikelets falling in groups, or if singly, then surrounded by a
whorl of bristles, or at least supported by 1 to several bristles.
(b) Whorl of bracts formed by hardened lower glumes of the spikelets
of each cluster, clusters spike-like.
885 =Anthephora=
(bb) Whorl formed of bristles, sometimes feathery, free, is not
united.
886 =Pennisetum=
(bbb) Whorl of spines or rigid bristles united at the base into a
hard cup.
887 =Cenchrus=
Subfamily II. POOIDEÆ.
Mature spikelets breaking up, leaving the persistent or sub-persistent
glumes on the pedicel, or if falling entire, not consisting of 2
heteromorphous flowers as in Panicoideæ.
A. Blades of leaves never transversely veined.
B. Awn of the fertile floret, if present, kneed and twisted below the
knee, or straight in reduced forms. (Up to _Perotis_.)
C. Florets 2 or more. (Up to _Phragmites_.)
Tribe IV. ARUNDINELLEÆ.
Florets 2, heteromorphous, the lower awnless or barren. Lower valve
awnless, upper always awned, at length firm or hard. Awn from the
sinus between 2 sometimes minute lobes, usually kneed and twisted
below the knee.
(a) Spikelets solitary on distinct pedicels.
888 =Trichopteryx=
(aa) Spikelets in clusters of 3.
889 =Tristachya=
Tribe V. AVENEÆ.
Florets 2 to many, all alike, glumes generally transparent, thin,
and dry. Awn if present, from the back or from the sinus, kneed and
usually twisted below the knee.
(a) Valves awned from the back.
890 =Avena=
(aa) Valve awned from the sinus of the more or less distinctly
2-lobed tip.
891 =Danthonia=
Tribe VI. ARUNDINEÆ.
Florets 2 to many, enveloped by very long hairs. Glumes and valves
membranous, often clear, awnless or minutely awned from the tips.
Only genus.
892 =Phragmites=
CC. Floret one. (Up to _Perotis_.)
Tribe VII. AGROSTEÆ.
Floret 1. Valve membranous or thin and green, not or hardly changed
when mature, usually ending abruptly. Awn, if present, from the
back.
(a) Spikelets in compact heads or false spikes, glumes awnless.
893 =Heleochloa=
(aa) Spikelets not in compact false spikes, more or less spike-
like, glumes awned from the notched or lobed tips.
894 =Polypogon=
Tribe VIII. STIPEÆ.
Floret 1. Valve hardened when mature, tightly enveloping the fruit,
awn terminal. Awns 3, from the entire tip; or one, simple below and
3 branched above.
895 =Aristida=
Tribe IX. ZOYSIEÆ.
Floret 1, mature spikelets falling entire and singly, or in
clusters. Valve small, delicately membranous. Spikelets in slender
spike-like panicles or racemes.
(a) Glumes awnless and at least the upper rough.
(b) Spikelets in sessile clusters of 2-4; lower glume minute,
transparent or suppressed.
896 =Tragus=
(bb) Spikelets in pairs, or solitary on a flattened stalk and
falling with it, both glumes rough.
897 =Latipes=
(aa) Glumes drawn out into a long fine awn. Spikelets solitary,
smooth, spikes usually long.
898 =Perotis=
BB. Awn of fertile floret, if present, never kneed and twisted below
the knee. (Up to _Bromus_.)
C. Valves typically 3-nerved. (Up to _Tripogon_.)
Tribe X. SPOROBOLEÆ.
Floret 1. Glumes and valves very similar. Valve membranous, acute or
obtuse, not changed when ripe, awnless, usually olive or olive grey.
Seed often free in the delicate seed-coat.
Only genus.
899 =Sporobolus=
Tribe XI. ERAGROSTEÆ.
Florets usually numerous (1 in _Leptochloa_ sp.) and protruding from
the glumes. Spikelets pedicelled and variously panicled, or sessile
or subsessile in spikes which are racemosely arranged. Glumes and
valves rather similar. Valves membranous, very often olive green or
olive grey, very rarely with a very short awn. (_Diplachne_ sp.).
(a) Valves undivided, not short pointed, usually smooth,
occasionally hairy. (_Eragrostis_ sp.).
(b) Spikes straight, crowded into a long narrow dense panicle,
spikelets very closely packed.
900 =Desmostachya=
(bb) Spikelets usually in panicles, rarely in spikes.
901 =Eragrostis=
(aa) Valves usually notched and minutely pointed, frequently more
or less hairy near the base or along the sides.
(b) Spikelets much over 1/25 in. long, in often flexuous spike-
like racemes, or in short contracted panicles; valves often dark.
902 =Diplachne=
(bb) Spikelets rarely over 1/25 in. long in very slender spikes on
a long common axis, valves usually pale with green nerves.
903 =Leptochloa=
Tribe XII. CHLORIDEÆ.
Spikelets sessile or subsessile, in 2-ranked, secund, usually very
dense, rarely loose spikes; spikes solitary, or digitate, or
racemosely arranged on a common axis. Valves generally membranous to
papery. Awn, if any, straight, fine, from the blunt or notched tip,
or all 3 nerves running out into short awns or bristles.
(a) Valves undivided, notched, or more or less 2-toothed or
2-lobed, blunt, or with the middle nerve running out into an awn,
or minute point. (_Trichoneura_.)
(b) Spikelets 1-flowered.
(c) Spikelets with long flexuous awns in dense digitate spikes.
904 =Schœnefeldia=
(cc) Spikelets awnless or very shortly awned.
(d) Spikes solitary.
905 =Microchloa=
(dd) Spikes always digitate.
906 =Cynodon=
(bb) Spikelets with several florets.
(c) Spikelets with 1, rarely 2 (_Chloris_ sp.), fertile, and 1 or
several imperfect florets above or below the fertile.
(d) Fertile florets with imperfect florets above it.
(e) Valves with a short erect awn from the notched tips.
Spikelets in long, secund solitary spikes.
907 =Enteropogon=
(ee) Spikelets in digitate spikes, rarely solitary; valves
awned from below the tips.
908 =Chloris=
(dd) Fertile florets with 2 imperfect florets below and 2 or
more above. Spikes solitary, secund, compact, upper glume
turning from the axis, with a stiff bristle from the back.
909 =Ctenium=
(cc) Spikelets with 2 or more fertile florets, and without
imperfect ones below them.
(d) Valves awnless, or with a rigid point or very short awn from
the fine tips, undivided or nearly so.
(e) Spikelets in digitate or subdigitate spikes.
(f) Glumes broad, not keeled, grain deeply hollowed out on the
face.
910 =Cœlachyrum=
(ff) Glumes strongly keeled; grain not hollowed out.
(g) Spikes terminated by a spikelet, glumes and valves not
finely pointed or obscurely so.
911 =Eleusine=
(gg) Spikes terminating with a sharp point; upper glume and
valves rigidly sharp pointed or shortly awned.
912 =Dactyloctenium=
(ee) Spikelets in racemose spikes.
913 =Dinebra=
(dd) Valves distinctly blunt, toothed or lobed, the middle nerve
of the valve running out into a fine point or short awn.
914 =Trichoneura=
(aa) Valves variously toothed or lobed, with the middle and side
nerves running out into awns or sharp points.
(b) Spikelets usually pedicelled, in open or contracted panicles,
valves toothed, or lobed, and 3-awned, awns fine and bristle-like.
915 =Triraphis=
(bb) Spikelets sessile, in solitary or racemosely arranged, often
very short spikes.
916 =Tripogon=
CC. Valves 5- to many-nerved. (Up to _Bromus_.)
Tribe XIII. PAPPOPHOREÆ.
Valves broad, cleft into 2 to many, sometimes, awnlike lobes, with
or without alternating straight awns from the sinuses.
(a) Fertile floret 1; valves cleft into 9 awl-like, awn-like lobes.
917 =Enneapogon=
(aa) Fertile florets 3-5; valves cleft into 4 transparent lobes
alternating with 5 straight awns from the sinuses.
918 =Schmidtia=
Tribe XIV. ORYZEÆ.
Spikelets all alike, or more or less differing and unisexual.
Fertile floret 1, awnless, rarely even with a bristle; terminal with
2 minute empty florets below it, solitary; glumes very minute or
suppressed.
(a) Spikelets panicled, fertile valve coriaceous, lower florets
represented by two scales or bristles falling with the mature
fruit.
919 =Oryza=
(aa) Spikelets panicled, fertile valves papery, lower florets quite
suppressed.
920 =Leersia=
Tribe XV. FESTUCEÆ. Fertile florets 2 to many, rarely 1, protruding
from the glumes. Glumes more or less resembling the valves in
general appearance. Awns, if any, not kneed, terminal or
subterminal.
(a) Spikelets sessile in long cylindric dense or often interrupted
spikes, spikelets breaking up at maturity. Glumes and valves drawn
out into long fine points.
921 =Elytrophorus=
(aa) Spikelets in compact ovoid heads, or short interrupted spikes;
glumes and valves broad.
922 =Æluropus=
(aaa) Spikelets in loose, more or less open panicles; valves lance-
shaped, rounded on the back.
923 =Bromus=
AA. Leaf blades transversely veined, or if not so, then tall shrubs
with woody stems.
Tribe XVI. PHAREÆ.
Spikelets heteromorphous, unisexual, monoecious, the male small.
Floret 1. One or both glumes of the male often minute. Leaf blades
flat, very broad, many nerved, and definitely stalked.
Only genus.
924 =Olyra=
Tribe XVII. BAMBUSEÆ.
Shrubs or trees, leaf blades flat. Florets one to many. Valves thin
green to leathery.
Only genus.
925 =Oxytenanthera=
840 =Zea Mays= _Linn._ DURA SHAMI, EISH ER RIF—Arab; MAINTAF—Nuer.
The Maize Plant. A tall annual grass with sexes in different
inflorescences, the male spikelets in terminal panicles, the female in
the axils of the sheathing leaves, forming a “cob.”