Leaves alt. elliptical or elongate-oblong, decurrent, dentate, up to 10
in. long. Heads many-fl., in terminal panicles, heterog.; fem. fl.
filiform; hermaphr. fl. tubular, toothed.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit, near Deim Bekir & Bongo-land, Sabbi).
=L. pterodonta= _Sch. Bip._
Stout viscid herb, 2-7 ft. high. Leaves alt., elliptic-oblong or
lanceolate, decurrent, dentate, 6 in. long. Heads in terminal panicles,
hermaphr., as above.
Fung Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land, Kuraggera).
=L. crassifolia= _Schultz Bip._
Shrubby, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves alt., elliptic or oblong, glandulose-
puberulous, decurrent, 2-3 in. long. Heads in terminal panicles. Fl. as
above.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli).
531 =Pluchea Dioscoridis= _DC._
Shrubby, 6 ft. or more. Leaves alt., oval to lanceolate, often
auriculate-cordate, 1-2 in. long. Heads in terminal corymbose or globose
panicles, heterog.; female fl. filiform; disk fl. tubular, mouth 3-fid,
hermaphr. or sterile.
Kordofan & Darfur Provinces.
532 =Epaltes gariepina= _Steetz._ RIMITH (Kordn.)—Arab; OLEI—Hadendowa;
UM MUSEG—Rashida.
Scabrid undershr.; branches winged. Leaves alt., linear-oblong, acute,
decurrent, 2½ in. long. Heads 3-6 together at extremities, heterog.;
fem. fl. tubular or filiform; disk fl. tubular, dilated above,
hermaphr., often sterile.
Kordofan Prov. (J. Um Darrag); Darfur Prov. (60 m. east of El Fasher);
Kassala Prov. (Um Adam).
533 =Sphæranthus suaveolens= _DC._ SAGHLIFT, FORGEYH, SIRR EL WARD—Arab.
Erect herb, 2 ft. high; stem and branches winged. Leaves alt., linear to
elliptic oblong, decurrent, dentate, 2-5 in. long. Heads few-flowered,
red, subglobose, densely crowded on ovoid common receptacles which are
solitary or 2-3 together, terminal or lateral. Fl. white or pink,
heterog., female tubular 3-dentate; disk fl. tubular 5-dent. or sterile.
Blue Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo, Mittu & Niamniam lands).
=S. Steetzii= _O._ & _H._
Erect herb, 1-2 ft. high; branches winged above. Leaves linear to
oblong, decurrent, ab. 2 in. long. Heads 5-flowered, the central fl.
only male, the others female; common receptacle hemispherical,
terminating stem and branches.
Blue Nile Prov.
=S. nubicus= _Sch. Bip._
Erect glandular-hairy annual, ab. 2 ft. high; upper branches winged.
Leaves linear to lanceolate, decurrent, 1-3 in. long. Heads 3-9
flowered, the central one male; common receptacle slightly convex,
terminal.
Kordofan Prov.
=S. Brounæ= _Robyns._
Herb, 1 ft. high, strongly scented, glandular and pilose. Leaves
sessile, auriculate at the base, oblong, ½ in. long. Heads compound,
globose, pedunculate, ⅓ in. in diam., pink.
Kordofan Prov. (near Agari).
534 =Phagnalon Schweinfurthii= _Schultz Bip._
White lanate undershrub. Leaves alt., linear, amplexicaul, 2 in. long.
Heads wide-campanulate, many-flowered, terminal or from upper axils,
heterog.; fem. fl. tubular-filiform, denticulate; hermaphr. tubular,
5-toothed.
Nubia; Red Sea Prov. (Suakin, Soturba).
=P. scalarum= _Schweinfth._
Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 9,200 ft.).
535 =Achyrocline luzuloides= _Vatke._
White lanate undershr. Leaves linear, subamplexicaul, 2 in. long. Heads
4-8 flowered in dense hemispherical, terminal cymes, heterogamous; fem.
fl. 3-5 radiate; hermaphr. 1-3 together; involucre white, shining.
Red Sea Prov.; between Suakin & Berber.
=A. glumacea= _O._ & _H._
Hoary lanate undershr. Leaves narrow-linear, 1-4 in. long. Heads 5-8
flowered (female 4-5 and hermaphr. 1-3 together), sessile, in crowded
branched corymbose or globose cymes; involucre scales shining, white or
pale-yellow.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra: high zone).
=A. Schimperi= _Sch. Bip._
Loose straggling herb, hoary tomentose all over. Leaves ovate, acute,
1½-2 in. long; flower-heads oblong, 4-5 flowered, sessile in dense
corymbs; bracts shining.
Red Sea Prov. (foot of Has Has).
536 =Gnaphalium luteo-album= _Linn._
Erect cottony herb. Leaves alt., linear or spathulate, semi-amplexicaul,
1-3 in. long. Heads campanulate, many-flowered, subsessile, many
together in crowded clusters, terminal or axillary, heterog.; fem. fl.
filiform; hermaphr. fl. 4-5 in each head; invol. bracts straw-coloured.
Fung Prov. (Saoleil); Kordofan Prov.
=G. Unionis= _Schultz Bip._
Lanate annual, up to 1 ft. high. Leaves linear, subamplexicaul, ½-1 in.
long, lanate. Heads campanulate, crowded in terminal, often involucrate
clusters. Fem. fl. filiform; hermaphr. fl. 6-8-15 in each head; invol.
bracts white at tips, woolly outside.
Dongola Prov. (Debba); Kordofan Prov.
=G. pulvinatum= _Del._
Prostrate, lanate-tomentose annual; branches 3-5 in. long. Leaves alt.,
spathulate, attenuate to base. Heads campanulate, in subglobose leafy or
involucrate clusters; hermaphr. fl. 4-6; fem. fl. numerous; invol. as
above.
White Nile Prov. (above El Eish); Kordofan Prov.
=G. niliacum= _Raddi._
Cottony herb, 3-10 in. high. Leaves alt., spathulate or obovate,
attenuate into short petiole. Heads campanulate, sessile, in dense
spiciform terminal clusters; fem. fl. numerous; hermaphr. fl. 4-5 outer
invol. lanate; midrib green.
Dongola Prov.; Blue Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit).
537 =Helichrysum rosulatum= _O._ & _H._
Procumbent, tomentose perennial, 1½ in. high. Leaves alt., spathulate,
oblong, emarginate, ½-1 in. long, crowded at base of branches. Capitula
6-7 all hermaphr., many together forming a subglobose head; invol.
scales purple.
Red Sea Prov. (shores of the Red Sea).
=H. Nimmoanum= _O._ & _H._
Woolly white, shrubby plant. Leaves alt., oblong or ovate, ab. 1 in.
long. Capitula 8-10 flowered, hermaphr., crowded in dense branched
terminal corymbs; invol. scales straw-coloured.
Red Sea Prov. (shores of the Red Sea).
=H. gracilipes= _O._ & _H._
Procumbent rosulate, white woolly herb, giving out offshoots. Leaves
elliptic, ½ in. long. Capitula hermaphr., 20-flowered, solitary at ends
of branches; invol. scales straw-coloured.
Red Sea Prov.
=H. undatum= _Less._
Erect white-woolly perennial, 4 ft. high. Leaves linear to lanceolate,
up to 5 in. long. Capitula hermaphr., with orange fimbrillæ, crowded in
terminal corymbose cymes; 1-6 in. diam.; invol. scales rose-coloured.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).
=H. abyssinicum= _Sch. Bip._
Shrubby, 18 in. high. Leaves linear or linear-oblong, densely tomentose,
ab. 1 in. long. Capitula heterog., 50-fl., yellow, crowded in dense
globose clusters, 1-3 in. wide, terminal; fem. fl. filiform; invol.
scales pale-yellow, shining.
Darfur Prov. (J. Marra).
538 =Leysera capillifolia= _DC._
Slender glandular-scabrid annual. Leaves filiform or linear, crowded, 1
in. long. Cap. yellow, heterog., solitary on slender subterminal
peduncles; fem. fl. ligulate, ligule very small; hermaphr. fl. tubular,
5-cleft.
Red Sea Prov. (Coast: Soturba, J. Shellal at 3,000 ft., Suakin).
539 =Inula macrophylla= _Schultz Bip._
Perennial, 2-5 ft. high. Leaves alt., oval or ovate, 1 ft. or more long,
upper cordate-amplexicaul, tawny-tomentose. Capitula hermaphr., yellow,
in a dense corymbose terminal cyme, 4-8 in. wide.
Red Sea Prov. (Karora).
540 =Iphiona scabra= _DC._
Glandular scabrid undershrub. Leaves alt., subulate-pungent, 1 in. long
with 2-6 small basal spines. Capit. hermaphr., yellowish-white,
14-flowered, solitary, axillary or terminal.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin, Soturba).
541 =Pegolettia senegalensis= _Cass._
Hispid annual, up to 2 ft. high. Leaves alt. linear or oblanceolate, ½-1
in. long. Capit. hermaphr., yellow, turning purple, 18-30 flowered,
solitary, terminal.
Blue Nile Prov. (Rufaa); Kordofan Prov.
542 =Vicoa auriculata= _Cass._
Annual, 1-3 ft. Leaves alt., linear-lanceolate to oblong, auriculate,
amplexicaul, ½-3 in. long. Capit. hermaphr., orange-yellow, forming a
loose terminal panicle.
Red Sea Prov. (Soturba); Fung Prov. (Fazoghli & Jongol’s Post); White
Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur & Bongo-lands).
543 =Pulicaria petiolaris= _Jaub._ & _Spach._
Somewhat woody herb, up to 1½ ft. high, glandular-puberulous and
appressed pubescent. Leaves alt. ½-2 in. long, oval or lanceolate,
dentate, cuneate or truncate at base; petiole winged, amplexicaul, up to
1 in. long. Capit. heterog., yellow, in loose corymbs; fem. fl. with
minute ligule.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.); Fung Prov.
=P. Grantii= _O._ & _H._
Shrubby, 2 ft. or more; stems glandular puberulous. Leaves linear,
sessile, short tomentose, up to 1 in. long. Capit. heterog., yellow,
solitary, terminal, many-flowered. Ligule of fem. fl. small; hermaphr.
fl. tubular, 5-dentate.
Khartoum Prov. (16° N.L.).
=P. undulata= _DC._ RIHAN (Kordn.), ARRĀWAL (Atbara), RUBBUL, GHUBEYRA,
& KUTKAT—Arab.
Woolly, strongly-scented herb, ½-2 ft. high. Leaves linear to
oblanceolate, dentate, undulate, auriculate-amplexicaul, ½-2 in. long.
Capit. heterog., yellow, many-flowered, solitary, terminal.
Red Sea Prov.; Kassala Prov.; Æthiopia (J. El Ghazal); Khartoum, Blue
Nile, Kordofan & Darfur Provinces.
=P. crispa= _Benth._ & _Hook. f._
White tomentose herb, 1-2½ ft. high. Leaves linear to obovate-oblong,
auriculate amplexicaul, ¾-1½ in. long, denticulate-crisped. Capit.
heterog., yellow, many-flowered, loosely panicled, terminal; hermaphr.
fl. 4-5 dentate.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.); Dongola Prov. (Merowe); Khartoum Prov.
(North); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Abu Nuer, 80 m. E. of El Fasher).
The dried plant is applied to bruises on cattle.
=P. Rüppellii= _Schultz._
Small white woolly herb. Leaves obovate, spathulate, denticulate,
auricled and amplexicaul, ½-2½ in. long. Capit. heterog., yellow,
solitary and terminal; ligule of fem. fl. long and 3-dentate.
Red Sea Prov. (shores between 11° and 12° N.L.).
=P. vulgaris= _Gærtn._ RÏMÏTH (Kordn.), ZAGHIL & ABU ’AIN SAFRA—Arab.
Puberulous herb, 1 ft. or more. Leaves linear-oblong, cordate, sessile,
½-2½ in. long. Capit. as above.
Kordofan Prov. (North of Shersha); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 6,500-9,000
ft.).
544 =Geigeria acaulis= _Benth._ & _Hook. f._
Low, tufted, cottony herb. Leaves alt., crowded, linear or oblong, 1-3½
in. long., overtopping the solitary heterog. yellow capit. Fem. fl.
ligulate, 3-dentate; hermaphr. fl. tubular, 5-fid.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan & Darfur Provinces.
=G. alata= _Benth._ & _Hook. f._ GATGAT (Baggara) & RIHAN (N.
Kordn.)—Arab; HASHUK—Hadendowa; DOSH—Rashida.
Glabrous herb, ½-1 ft. high; branches winged. Leaves opp., oval-oblong,
decurrent, 1-3½ in. long, glandular-punctate. Cap. heterog., yellow,
10-12 flowered, bracteate, solitary in forks of branches. Fl. as above.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.); Khartoum Prov. (J. Royan); Kassala Prov. (Um
Adam); Kordofan & Darfur Provinces.
=G. Macdougalii= _S. Moore._
Annual, about 1 in. high. Leaves sessile, oblanceolate or lanceolate-
oblanceolate, mucronate, 1 in long, ciliolate, gland-dotted. Heads small
terminal and axillary. Bracts 4-seriate.
White Nile Prov.
545 =Anisoppapus africanus= _O._ & _H._
Erect puberulous herb, 3-4 ft. Leaves deltoid, hastate, crenate, 1-3 in.
long, alternate. Capit. heterog., yellow, ½-1 in. wide excluding ligules
of fem. fl. which are spreading and 3-dentate; hermaphr. fl. 5-toothed.
Infl. corymbose.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).
=A. chinensis= _Hk._ & _Arn._
Erect pubescent herb. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, obtusely dentate, 1½-2½
in. long; petioles dilating at base. Capit. as above.
Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
546 =Ambrosia maritima= _Linn._
Annual, woody below, hairy, 1-3 ft. high. Leaves alt., ovate,
bipinnatipartite, 1-3 in. long. Capit. white, monœcious, in dense
spikes, male at the top, female below (or sessile in upper axils), in
terminal corymbose panicles; male fl. white, tubular, 5-fid; fem. fl.:
cor. 0 but involucre closed over the fruit, spinose or tubercled.
Berber Prov.; Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov. (from Sennar northwards,
on river banks).
547 =Xanthium strumarium= _Linn._ KHARAQ EL BAHR—Arab.
Puberulous annual, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves deltoid, 3-5-lobed, coarsely
dentate, 1-6 in. broad, cordate; petiole ½-5 in. long Capit. yellow
monœcious; male globose in terminal clusters; female 2-flowered
axillary; invol. of fem. heads prickly.
Khartoum and Blue Nile Provinces.
The seeds yield an oil. The fruit is considered efficacious for small-
pox, also useful for diseases of the bladder. Not eaten by cattle. In
the Fung “Mayas,” after all the grass has been eaten, masses of this
plant form vivid green patches.
548 =Siegesbeckia orientalis= _Linn._
Pubescent, widely branched annual, 1-3 ft. Leaves alt., deltoid-ovate to
lanceolate, 1½-5 in. long, dentate. Capit. heterog., yellow, in
dichotomous leafy panicles; fem. fl. ligulate, toothed, inconspicuous;
hermaphr. fl. tubular, 3-5, dentate.
Red Sea Prov.
549 =Enhydra fluctuans= _Lour._
Aquatic herb, 1-2 ft. high; stem rooting and creeping. Leaves opp.,
linear to lanceolate, 1-3 in. long, base subhastate, petiole dilated.
Capit. heterog., whitish or greenish, axillary. Fem. fl. inconspicuous;
hermaphr. fl. 5-toothed; invol. bract 4, leafy, ovate.
Mongalla Prov. (below Bor).
The leaves are regarded as laxative, antibilious and useful in diseases
of the skin and nervous system.
550 =Eclipta alba= _Hassk._ TAMR EL GHANAM (Khartoum), BILTIK (Meshra El
Zeraf)—Arab; HRERVA (Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka.
Scabrid herb, ½-2 ft. high. Leaves opp., lanceolate, up to 5 in. long.
Capit. heterog., on peduncles 1-3 together; fem. fl. white, ligulate,
small; hermaphr. fl. tubular, 4-dentate.
Berber Prov. (Atbara, on river banks); Khartoum Prov.; Darfur Prov.;
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambé, Jur Ghattas).
Yields a black stain which elsewhere is used in tattooing.
551 =Sclerocarpus africanus= _Jacq._
Hispid herb, 1-4 ft. high. Leaves mostly alt., ovate to ovate-
lanceolate, serrate, 1-6 in. long. Capit. heterog., solitary, over-
topped by involucral bracts; ray fl. 3, neuter, yellow; disk fl.
hermaphr., 10-12, tubular, 4-5-toothed.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov.
552 =Blainvillea rhomboidea= _Cass._
Branched scabrid annual, 1-3½ ft. high. Leaves alt. or opp., lanceolate,
crenate-serrate, up to 3 in. long. Capit. heterog. 1-2 together, forming
with others a panicled leafy cyme. Fem. fl. ligulate, 2-3 dentate,
yellow.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.); Fung Prov. (Saoleil); White Nile Prov. (J.
Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.
=B. Prieureana= _DC._
Hispid branched herb, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves opp. or alt., ovate-
lanceolate to lanceolate, 3-nerved, 1-5 in. long. Inflor. much as above.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Sinum).
553 =Aspilia multiflora= _O._ & _H._
Scabrid herb. Leaves opp., ovate-lanceolate, up to nearly 2 in. long.
Capit. heterog., yellow, in lax, leafy panicles; ray fl. neuter, ligule
rarely exceeding ½ in. in length; disk fl. hermaphr.
Blue Nile Prov.
=A. Schimperi= _O._ & _H._
Erect annual 1-3 ft. high, scantily hairy. Leaves opp., ovate-lanceolate
or lanceolate, acuminate, connate at the base, 1-5 in. long. Capit.
heterog. yellow, in lax, leafy cymes; ray fl. neuter, ligule 1/5 in.
long.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat).
=A. latifolia= _O._ & _H._
Hispid herb, 1½-4 ft. high. Leaves opp., ovate, serrulate, 3-nerved near
the base, 1½-5 in. long. Capit. heterog., yellow, solitary on long
peduncles, terminal or in forks of branches; ray florets 20, ligule
under ½ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas and Niamniam-land, Nganye).
The pounded leaves and flowers act as a powerful styptic.
=A. Kotschyi= _Benth._ & _Hook. f._
Scabrid and hispid annual, 1-4 ft. high. Leaves opp., lanceolate or oval
to linear, subamplexicaul, 1-8 in. long. Capit. heterog., deep maroon-
coloured, solitary or few together, overtopped by involucrate leaves.
Ligule ¼-½ in. long.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov.
(J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal
Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Darfur Prov. (Kulme); Mongalla Prov. (Gondokoro).
554 =Wedelia abyssinica= _Vatke._
Undershrub, 3 ft. high. Leaves opp., ovate or oblong-lanceolate,
scabrous, 3-nerved, 1½-3 in. long. Capit. heterog., 1-3 at ends of
branches; fem. fl. ligulate, orange; hermaphr. yellow.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
555 =Melanthera abyssinica= _Benth._ & _Hook. f._
Scabrid branched herb, 2 ft. high. Leaves opp., ovate-lanceolate,
serrate, amplexicaul, 1½-4 in. Capit. heterog., yellow in corymbose
cymes; ray fl. neuter; ligule 2-3-fid; disk fl. tubular, hermaphr.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat).
=M. pungens= _O._ & _H._
Scabrid herb, 4 ft. high. Leaves opp., ovate, upper lanceolate,
acuminate, shallow-dentate, up to 6 in. long. Capit. as above.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=M. Brownei= _Schultz Bip._
Scabrid semi-woody herb, 2-10 ft. high. Leaves opp., deltoid-ovate,
sometimes 3-lobed acuminate, dentate, 2-6 in. long. Capit. heterog.
yellow, in lax terminal cymes; ray fl. female, ligulate, disk fl.
hermaphr.
Bahr El Jebel (Sudd); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).
556 =Verbesina (Ximenesia) enceloides= _Cav._
Hoary annual, 1-3 ft. high. Leaves mostly alt., deltoid to oblong,
dentate, 1-6 in. long; petiole ½-2 in., winged auriculate. Capit.
heterog., yellow, on peduncles, up to 8 in. long, forming a loose cyme.
Ray fl. fem., ligule deeply toothed.
Khartoum, Blue Nile & Kordofan Provinces.
557 =Spilanthes Acmella= _Linn._
Annual up to 1 ft. high. Leaves opp., ovate, up to 2 in. long. Capit.
usually heterog., usually yellow, solitary on long peduncles; ray flor.
1 seriate, usually present, ligule small or 0.
Fung Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land:
Nabambisso River).
The whole plant, especially the flower-heads, is very acid and has a
hot, burning taste. It is used for toothache and is considered by
natives a powerful stimulant.
558 =Guizotia Schultzii= _Hochst._
Scabrous herb, 2-4 ft. Leaves opp., narrow-elliptic, serrate, cordate,
amplexicaul, often connate, 1-8 in. long. Capit. heterog., yellow, in
corymbose cymes, pedicels up to 5 in.; fem. fl. 1-seriate; hermaphr. fl.
glandular-hairy.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra 6,500-9,300 feet); Bahr El
Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas, Niamniam-land).
=G. Schimperi= _Sch. Bip._
Pubescent herb, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves opp., elliptic-ovate denticulate,
cordate-amplexicaul, ½-4 in. long. Capit. much as above, but cor. of
hermaphr. fl. subglabrous.
Darfur Prov. (Zalingei).
559 =Coreopsis linearifolia= _O._ & _H._
Nearly glabrous herb, 4-5 ft. high. Leaves opp., linear, denticulate
scabrous, 2-6 in. long. Capit. heterog., yellow, on peduncles 1-4 in.,
in a lax corymbose cyme. Ray fl. ligulate, fem. or neuter.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land: Steppes near Agada).
=C. chrysantha= _Vatke._
Pallid herb, 2-4 ft. high. Leaves tripartite; lobes lanceolate or
linear, acutely narrowed at both ends, deeply serrate, scabrid above,
hispid below, ¾-3½ in. by ⅛-1 in.; petioles up to 1¼ in.; sometimes
leaves not lobed, ovate or narrow elliptical. Capit. heterog. on hispid
peduncles in a lax, corymbose cyme, yellow.
Nubia.
=C. abyssinica= _Schultz Bip._
Erect herb, ab. 3 ft. high, scabrid-pubescent above. Leaves opp.,
pinnatisect, 1½-4½ in. long, segments 3-4 pairs, toothed or
subpinnatipartite. Capit. yellow, heterog., ½ in. diam., on pedicels up
to 4 in., in lax corymbose cymes.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
=C. guineensis= _O._ & _H._
Nearly glabrous annual, ab. 2 ft. high. Leaves opp., tripartite bilobed
or undivided, divisions of the leaf linear 1-7 in. long. Capit.
heterog., yellow, ½-¾ in. long, on peduncles 2-7 in., in a lax cyme, or
solitary, terminal.
Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
560 =Bidens pilosa= _Linn._
Annual, up to 5 ft. high. Leaves opp., ovate, mostly pinnately-lobed,
blade 1-5 in.; petiole 2½ in. Capit. heterog., tipped with 2-4 barbed,
spinose bristles, in a lax corymbose cyme; ray fl. white, ligulate, fem.
or neuter; disk fl. yellow, hermaphr. Fr. an achene, ab. ½ in. long.
Red Sea Prov. (Soturba, Coast); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Kordofan Prov.
(Katul Gambara); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas & Bongo-land,
Gurfala); Darfur Prov. (Kulme & J. Marra).
=B. bipinnata= _Schultz Bip._
Very similar to above, but leaves mostly bipinnately lobed. Achenes with
3-4 spinose barbed bristles.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Red Sea Prov.
=B. Schimperi= _Schultz Bip._
Subscabrous herb, up to several feet high. Leaves opp., 2-3 pinnatisect
or more or less 3-fid, 3-6 in. long, with scattered black dots. Capit.
heterog., yellow, in lax corymbose cymes. Ray fl. fem. or neuter; ligule
½ in. long. Achenes with 2, sometimes 3 setæ.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin to Khor Tamanib).
561 =Chrysanthellum procumbens= _Pers._
Glabrous procumbent or erect herb, up to 1 ft. high. Leaves alt.,
multifid, up to 1½ in. long; petiole subamplexicaul 1½ in. long. Capit.
heterog., cymose; ray florets fem. ligulate, small.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan
Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf, southwards); Bahr El
Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land); Mongalla Prov.
562 =Cotula anthemoides= _Linn._
Low, hairy, much branched annual. Leaves alt., deeply subbipinnatifid,
⅓-¾ in. long. Capit. heterog., yellow, discoid, solitary terminal; outer
fl. fem., minute, in several rows.
Berber Prov. (Nile Cataract; near J. Gerri); Khartoum Prov.
=C. cinerea= _Del._ SHIA (Port Sudan)—Arab.
Pale green, villose herb, 1-6 in. high. Leaves alt., pinnatifid, obovate
or spathulate in outline, ¼-¾ in. long. Capit. yellow, heterog.,
terminal; fem. fl. few minute or more usually wanting.
Red Sea Prov. (Port Sudan); Kordofan Prov.
=C. Kotschyi= _Benth._ & _Hook. f._ HARR (Khartoum)—Arab.
Hoary prostrate herb, up to 12 in. high. Leaves alt., obovate-
pinnatipartite, ¼-¾ in. long. Capit. heterog., yellow, terminal; fem.
fl. few, minute.
Berber Prov. (Shendi); Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov.; White Nile Prov.
(Geteina); Darfur Prov.
=C. abyssinica= _Schultz Bip._
Pilose annual, up to 1 ft. high. Leaves alt., bipinnatipartite, up to 1¼
in. incl. the petiole, which is as long as the blade and half clasping.
Capit. heterog., yellow, on 6 in. long peduncles; fem. fl. in 1 row,
minute.
Upper White Nile.
563 =Gynura cernua= _Benth._
Puberulous annual, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves alt., upper ones auriculate-
amplexicaul, ovate or laciniate-lyrate, irregularly dentate or lobed,
lower ones petiolate. Capit. purple, homog., solitary, terminal, on 6-12
peduncles; invol. bracts 1-seriate; fl. all tubular, some of the outer
with imperfect anthers.
Blue Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-Ghattas & Niamniam-land).
=G. vitellina= _Benth._
Shining herb, 2-6 ft. high. Leaves alt., ovate or lanceolate,
irregularly dentate, 1-4 in. long, auricled at base of petiole. Cap.
yellow, homog., solitary, terminal on peduncles 4-12 in. long, bearing
2-3 bracts; invol. bracts 1-seriate; fl. all tubular, hermaphr.
excepting some outer ones with imperfect anthers.
Darfur Prov. (J. Marra 3,500 to 9,300 ft.); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River);
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).
=G. crepidioides= _Benth._
Annual 2-3 ft. high. Leaves alt., lyrate-pinnatifid, dentate, 1-10 in.
long. Capit. homog. yellow or with purple tips, in dense or lax
corymbose cymes; invol. bracts 1-seriate; fl. as above.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River); Bahr El Ghazal (Niamniam-land).
=G. amplexicaulis= _O._ & _H._
Herb 2½-3 ft. high. Leaves alt., obovate-oblong, dentate, amplexicaul,
4-5 in. long. Capit. reddish-orange, homog., 3-4 together in a long-
peduncled cyme; invol. bracts 1-seriate; fl. as above.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Khor of Bodumo).
564 =Emilia sagittata= _DC._