HUMAR—Hadendowa; FAK (J. Daier), TUBERLI (Dilling), KISHAWIYI (J.
Eliri), MANSALLO (Kadugli), ORA (Tagele)—Nuba; UFFA—Hameg;
DUNGWOL—Dinka; KUSHA—Nuer; GAG—Shilluk; BUL—Burun. The Baobab Tree.
A large tree, often of great girth; bark whitish, shining. Leaves
digitately 5-7 fol. Flowers 2-3 in. across, white. Fruit 8-10 in. long,
ovoid, filled with fibres and acid mealy pulp, in which the seeds are
embedded.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Dongola Prov. (Wadi El Murakh); Fung Prov.;
Kordofan Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Hillet El Shilluk); Bahr El
Ghazal Prov. (North).
The hollow trunk is used for a reservoir for the storage of rain water,
and in some places as a burial place for dead. The bark yields a strong
fibre used for ropes, baskets, etc. The fruit, called GONGOLEIS by
Arabs, contains a subacid pulp which makes a pleasant drink with water,
and is used as a cooling medicine.
213 =Ceiba pentandra= _Gaertn._ _Eriodendron anfractuosum_ DC. Kapok or
Silk Cotton Tree.
Introduced.
Tree; young bark covered with conical prickles. Leaves digitately 8-15
foliolate. Flowers white, 2-8 together in axillary clusters. Capsule 3-4
in. long, densely lined with long silky hairs.
Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov.; Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Kordofan
Prov. (Bara); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
The floss surrounding the seed is used for stuffing cushions, lifebelts,
etc.
=MALVACEÆ.=
214 =Malva parviflora= _Linn._ KHUBBEIZA—Arab.
Herb; stem trailing. Leaves cordate, orbicular, slightly 3-5 lobed,
crenate-dentate. Flowers purplish, in axillary, few-flowered clusters.
Stamens monadelphous, anthers to top of column; stigmas linear.
Cultivated in most parts.
Cooked as a pot-herb, also used medicinally to allay irritation both
externally and internally.
=M. verticillata= _Linn._
Erect herb, 2-4 ft. high. Leaves cordate, roundish, 5-lobed. Flowers
purplish, in dense axillary or terminal clusters. Carpels 10-12 in a
whorl, enclosed in accrescent calyx.
Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
215 =Malvastrum spicatum= _A. Gray._
Erect, branching herb, 1-2 ft. high, stellately tomentose. Leaves ovate,
crenate-serrate, sometimes lobed. Bracts of epicalyx shorter than calyx.
Flowers small, yellow, in a dense terminal, leafy spike; stigmas
capitate.
Fung Prov.
=M. tricuspidatum= _A. Gray._
Erect herb, 2-3 ft. high, with adpressed, simple hairs. Leaves long-
stalked, ovate-lanceolate, toothed, hairy. Flowers yellow, subsessile in
axillary and terminal clusters. Carpels 8-12, each 3-pointed.
Fung Prov.
216 =Sida urens= _Linn._
Erect, hirsute perennial. Leaves cordate, ovate-serrate. Flowers usually
in dense axillary clusters; epicalyx 0; carpels 5, awnless or with short
beaks.
White Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Ghabat El Arab;
Bongo-land: Gir).
=S. humilis= _Cav._
Perennial; branches long, prostrate, rooting at the nodes. Flowers pale
yellow, under ½ in. diameter. Leaves broad-ovate, cordate, variable in
size. Ripe carpels 5, separating from the axis, pointed.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land: near Khor Mulmul).
=S. spinosa= _Linn._
Annual or perennial, much branched, often with small, recurved prickles
at the nodes below the petioles. Leaves oval to oblong, crenate-serrate.
Flowers white, ½ in. in diameter. Ripe carpels 5, with 2 long, rough
beaks.
Nubia; Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Between Khartoum & Berber; White Nile
Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
The leaves are demulcent, the root is a tonic and is used in some cases
of cattle disease.
=S. cordifolia= _Linn._
Erect, much branched, semi-shrubby, with silky hair; leaves densely
velvety, ovate, cordate; flowers yellow; ripe carpels 10, wrinkled, with
2 straight beaks.
Nubia; Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Mongalla
Prov.
The root and seeds are used in native medicines.
=S. rhombifolia= _Linn._
Shrubby; branches rough with stellate hair. Leaves rhomboid-lanceolate,
dentate-serrate above, stellate hairy on under-surface. Flowers yellow;
ripe carpels 9-10, beaked or not beaked.
White Nile Prov.; Mongalla Prov.; Darfur Prov. (shady places).
Roots used for rheumatism. Yields an excellent fibre.
=S. grewioides= _Guill._ & _Perr._
Shrubby plant. Leaves oblong or roundish, cordate, crenate, downy on
both surfaces. Flowers small, yellow, axillary, solitary or in pairs;
carpels 7-8, indehiscent, beakless or beaked; beaks inflexed.
Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov.
(River Sobat); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambé); Mongalla Prov.; Darfur
Prov.
=S. Schweinfurthii= _E. G. Baker._
Leaves shortly petiolate, broadly ovate, coarsely and double serrate,
cordate, about 4½ in. long and 3 in. broad, shortly stellate-pubescent
on both surfaces. Flowers numerous in lax, very slender panicles;
pedicels filiform.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: near Mongbo-longbo stream).
217 =Wissadula rostrata= _Planch._
Tall, shrubby plant. Leaves cordate. Flowers small, yellow, paniculate;
carpels 5, beaked.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.;
Darfur Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov.
Yields a good fibre.
218 =Abutilon angulatum= _Mast._ AMBORU, UMBARU or UMBORU—Arab; BUTNIEID
(Dilling)—Nuba.
Tall, woody herb, up to 8 ft. high. Leaves long-stalked, roundish,
cordate, 5-7 nerved, pale on under-surface. Flowers yellow, on loose
terminal panicle. Fruit globose, depressed; carpels about 20, obtuse,
reniform, 1-seeded.
Khartoum Prov.; Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov.
(Meshra El Zeraf); Nuba Mountains Prov. (Dilling); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
(Wau); Mongalla Prov.
=A. graveolens= _Wight_ & _Arnott._ MAKHSHASH EL RIGAL (Baggara)—Arab;
DOEIRI (Dilling)—Nuba.
Downy, bushy herb; calyx large, densely pubescent; corolla yellow,
sometimes turning pink on withering. Leaves ovate, cordate, somewhat
dentate, pubescent, pale beneath. Carpels 20 or more, 3-seeded.
Khartoum to Berber; White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Nuba
Mountains Prov.; Red Sea Prov.
The leaves and root are used in medicine; the stems yield a fibre.
=A. glaucum= _Webb._ HANBŪK & UMBUR—Arab. The fruit GARGADAN.
Downy undershrub. Corolla yellow, with purple centre. Leaves cordate,
7-9 nerved, irregular dentate, as long as the stalk. Carpels 20 or more,
2-3 seeded.
Red Sea Prov.; Berber Prov.; Kassala Prov.; Khartoum Prov. & South.
=A. fruticosum= _Guill._ & _Perr._
Densely white-downy, much branched, rigid perennial. Leaves small,
short-stalked, cordate, denticulate. Peduncles axillary, 1-3 flowered.
Carpels 10, persistent, 2-3 seeded.
Red Sea Prov.; Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan
Prov.; Darfur Prov.
=A. ramosum= _Guill._ & _Perr._
Erect branching, hairy perennial. Leaves cordate, sometimes 3-lobed, 5-7
nerved, long-stalked. Peduncles axillary and terminal, shorter than
leaf-stalks; flowers white or yellow. Carpels 8-10, long 2-awned.
Fung & Kordofan Provinces.
=A. bidentatum= _Hochst._
Erect undershrub with downy branches. Leaves short-stalked, cordate-
ovate, denticulate, pilose. Flowers in small axillary panicles. Fruit
subglobose; carpels 16-20, each with 2 teeth; seeds 3 in each carpel.
Red Sea, Fung & Kordofan Provinces.
=A. hirtum= _Don._
Erect, downy perennial. Leaves long-stalked, ovate-cordate, serrate 6-7
nerved. Peduncles axillary or terminal, 1 or more flowered. Petals
large, bright orange, hairy at base. Fruit truncate; carpels 12 or more,
short bidentate; seeds 3.
Kordofan Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Kodok).
219 =Malachra radiata= _Linn._
Tall, hispid herb; flowers small, pink, in dense heads with distinct
bractlets and surrounded by a general involucre.
Fruit turbinate; carpels 5. Leaves short-stalked, palmately 5-7 lobed.
Upper White Nile Prov. (mouth of Bahr El Zeraf); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
(Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso River).
220 =Urena lobata= _Linn._ KĀRI (J. Eliri)—Nuba.
Tall herb, erect, branched, covered with stellate hairs. Leaves
shallowly 5-lobed; flowers pink. Ripe carpels 5, densely stellate hairy
and covered with spines deflexed at the ends.
Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov.; South Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
(Ghabat El Arab & Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov.
The bark yields a fibre of good quality, suitable for bags, twine, etc.
221 =Pavonia hirsuta= _Guill._ & _Perr._ UMBERRU (N. Kordn.)—Arab.
Downy perennial or undershrub; branches or stems procumbent, up to 5-6
ft. long. Leaves scabrous above, cordate, suborbicular or obscurely
3-lobed. Flowers yellow, with purple centres, on solitary stalks in
axils of upper leaves. Styles 10; carpels 10, covered with reflexed
bristles. White Nile, Kordofan & Darfur Provinces.
=P. glechomæfolia= _A. Rich._ KULAM & KUNUTAL (Blue Nile)—Arab.
Rigid herb with slender hirsute branches. Leaves ovate, cordate,
slightly 3-lobed, crenate-serrate. Flowers yellow, about 1 in. across,
with 5 free, oval bracteoles. Ripe carpels 5, without beak.
Blue Nile Prov. (Abu Haraz); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur (Kulme); Red Sea
Prov. (Has Has).
=P. triloba= _Hochst._
Erect, bushy herb; stems long-pilose. Leaves more or less trilobed,
about 1¼ in. long, with two types of stellate hairs below. Epicalyx
persistent, of several linear bracts.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan & Darfur Provinces.
=P. arabica= _Hochst._
Erect tomentose perennial. Leaves as long as stalks, oblong, subcordate.
Peduncles solitary, axillary; epicalyx of 10-20 linear, villose bracts,
arching over the ripe fruit. Corolla pink, longer than calyx. Fruit
subglobose, size of a pea.
Red Sea Prov.; 21° N. Lat.; Darfur Prov.
=P. Kotschyi= _Hochst._
Densely villose, low growing, woody perennial. Leaves oblong-ovate,
obtuse, coarsely serrate, 3-5 nerved. Epicalyx of 10 linear bracts.
Peduncles axillary, solitary, 1-flowered. Corolla yellow, about 1 in.
across. Carpels 5, each with 2 large wings.
Fung & Kordofan Provinces.
=P. zeylanica= _Cav._
Leaves digitately divided almost to the base, lobes 3-5, oblanceolate, 1
in. long, densely tomentose below with stellate hairs; flowers solitary,
on long pedicels; epicalyx of 10 linear bracts; fruits slightly winged.
Red Sea Prov. (Karora).
=P. macrophylla= _E. Mey._
Tall pilose herb or undershrub. Leaves long-stalked, oval, cordate-
acuminate, or 3-lobed, crenate-serrate. Peduncles axillary, 1-flowered.
Epicalyx of usually 5 foliaceous segments; petals pink; styles 8-10;
carpels 5, obovate.
White Nile Prov.
222 =Kosteletzkya adoensis= _Hochst._
Large herb or undershrub. A line of hairs along one side of the stem
shifts to the other side at each successive joint. Leaves long-stalked,
roundish-cordate, acuminate, 3-nerved, sometimes 3-pointed, hispid.
Epicalyx of 7-10 linear-lanceolate bractlets. Corolla yellow. Carpels 5;
seeds flat.
Fung Prov.
=K. flava= _Bak. f._ (_K. Buettneri_ Gürke).
Leaves linear to linear-lanceolate, up to 5 in. long and ½ in. broad,
the lower often hastate at the base, serrulate, scabrid. Flowers
solitary, axillary. Epicalyx of 7-10 linear bracts a little shorter than
the calyx. Fruits depressed, pentagonal, bristly.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=K. Chevalieri= _Hochr._
Erect herb with rod-like stems, about 4 ft. high, densely strigose-
hispid. Leaves suborbicular, widely cordate at the base, slightly
3-lobed, about 2 cm. diameter, softly stellate-pilose. Flowers in dense
terminal spikes.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land; Bongo-land; Kulongo).
223 =Senra incana= _Cav._
Soft, downy undershrub; corolla deep purple. Epicalyx of 3 cordate
palmi-nerved leaflets. Capsule 5-valved, ovoid; seed 3-pilose. Leaves
palmately 3-5 lobed.
Fung & White Nile Provinces.
224 =Hibiscus Trionum= _Linn._
Much branched, hispid annual. Flower yellow, with a purple centre; calyx
persistent, ventricose, accrescent. Epicalyx 7-12 linear segments.
Leaves long-stalked, usually deeply palmately 3-5 lobed.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin & Soturba); Khartoum Prov.; White Nile Prov. (J.
Arashkol).
=H. dictyocarpus= _Webb._
Stem woody, erect, hairy. Leaves long-stalked, 3-5 lobed, central lobe
longest. Epicalyx of 10-12 linear, spathulate bracts. Peduncles
solitary, axillary. Corolla yellow, with purple centre. Styles 5. Fruit
roundish, 5-winged.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol).
=H. vitifolius= _Linn._
Tall, much-branched perennial. Flowers bright yellow, with a purple
centre; bracteoles 5-8. Leaves palmate, 3-5 lobed, serrate. Capsules
5-winged. Epicalyx of 8-12 linear bracts.
Red Sea Prov.; Fung Prov. (Saoleil).
=H. obtusilobus= _Gärcke._
Herb, 18 in. high. Leaves longer than stalks, cordate, 3-5 lobed,
central longest. Epicalyx of 6-9 linear-oblong bracts, shorter than
calyx; calyx segments 1-nerved. Capsule covered with forked bristles.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol).
=H. diversifolius= _Jacq._
Tall, prickly herb. Flowers large, yellow, with red-purple centre;
bracteoles 5-8. Leaves palmate, 3-5 lobed, long-stalked. Capsule
pointed, hispid, ultimately smooth. Epicalyx of numerous subulate
segments.
Bahr El Jebel (Sudd).
=H. corymbosus= _Hochst._
Erect, stellate-tomentose perennial, 2-3 ft. high. Lower leaves deeply
3-lobed, upper simple, oblong-lanceolate. Flowers yellow, crowded,
corymbose. Epicalyx of 8-10 linear segments.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: near Dogguru, & Niamniam-land: Gumba &
Bendo).
=H. physaloides= _Guill._ & _Perr._
Herb with somewhat irritant hairs. Flowers solitary, pale yellow, with
maroon centre, or purple. Leaves variable, long-stalked. Epicalyx of
about 10 filiform segments, shorter than calyx. Capsule ovoid, beaked,
hispid.
Fung Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land, Shambé); Mongalla Prov.
(Gondokoro); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
=H. intermedius= _A. Rich._
A weak herb with deeply 3-5 lobed glandular leaves, pilose on the
nerves, with weak hairs; flowers axillary, solitary, pale-yellow with
purple centre; pedicels ⅓ in. long. Epicalyx of 10 linear bracts;
capsule pubescent.
Red Sea Prov. (Has Has); Bahr el Jebel (Sheikh Tombé).
=H. rhabdotospermus= _Gärcke._
Woody herb, downy or villose. Leaves cordate, ovate, palmately 5-7
nerved. Epicalyx of 15-20 linear segments; corolla yellow, 1 in. across.
Capsule ovate, woody.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol).
=H. articulatus= _Hochst._
Herb with yellow flowers, up to 2 in. diameter. Leaves short-stalked,
rough, upper ones palmately 3-5-partite, lower ones roundish. Epicalyx
of 8-10 strap-shaped segments.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); Upper White Nile Prov. (Sobat mouth);
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (between Wau & Deim Zubeir); Mongalla Prov.
(Mongalla).
=H. surattensis= _Linn._
Scrambling, prickly herb, with solitary, showy pale-yellow flowers with
a purple centre, 2-4 in. across. Epicalyx of 10-12 linear-spathulate
segments. Leaves palmately 3-5 lobed, secondary nerves distinct.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Nabambisso River).
=H. lunariifolius= _Willd._ SHALIGA (Kordn.) & MIMLIGADA (Fung)—Arab.
Tall herb, with showy yellow flowers, with dark centre; bracteoles 5-7,
linear, as long as sepals. Leaves ovate, cordate, generally 3-5 lobed,
coarsely serrate dentate, densely tomentose with stiff stellate hairs.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Upper Nile Prov.
(Renk).
Yields a good fibre.
=H. rostellatus= _Guill._ & _Perr._
Prickly and hairy herb. Leaves cordate, angular, palmately 5-lobed.
Epicalyx of 10 linear segments, much shorter than calyx and each
provided at apex with a spoon-shaped appendix. Flowers pink, rather
large.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Nabambisso River).
=H. calycinus= _Willd._
Undershrub. Leaves downy to subglabrous, obtusely 3-5 angled. Flowers
solitary, large, yellow, with purple centre. Epicalyx of 5 broadly
spathulate, acute bracts, equal to the 5-nerved segments of calyx.
Fung & White Nile Provinces.
=H. panduriformis= _Burm._ BUTNIEID (Dilling)—Nuba.
Bushy herb, up to 6 ft. high and covered with bristly hairs. Leaves
ovate, often somewhat 3-lobed, cordate, tomentose. Flowers yellow with
purple centre; bracteoles 7-10, connate below, spathulate-linear.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov. (Fazoghli, Wad El Abbas, & Jongol’s
Post); Nuba Mountains Prov. (Dilling); Mongalla Prov. (Bari country);
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Ghabat El Arab); Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
=H. Grantii= _Mast._
Erect, villous undershrub. Leaves very short-stalked, sub-cordate,
somewhat wedge-shaped at base and slightly 3-lobed at apex. Flowers
numerous, in terminal leafy panicles. Epicalyx of 12 linear bracts;
petals pink.
Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
=H. Sabdariffa= _Linn._ KARKADE, KIRKEN or JO (Darfur)—Arab; KOKORO
(Kadugli)—Nuba; LAKBUR—Bari; TED (Ghabat El Arab)—Nuer; NOMBA—Zande.
Erect annual or perennial. The cultivated plant usually takes a deep red
colour. Capsule ovoid, pointed. Leaves entire or with shallow lobes.
Generally cultivated, but occurs wild in Southern Sudan. The fleshy
calyx is subacid and is used to prepare a refreshing drink. The plant
yields a strong, silky fibre; it is known as Rozelle or Red Sorrel in
the West Indies.
=H. cannabinus= _Linn._ TIL—Arab; N’ZEEBEE—Zande.
Tall herb; all parts hairy. Flowers yellow with maroon centre. Leaves
deeply 5-7 lobed. Epicalyx of 5-7 segments. Capsule pointed.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile; Upper
White Nile, Kordofan; Bahr El Ghazal & Mongalla Provinces.
Two varieties are in cultivation, both are used for the fibre which is
made into Sagia ropes. The seeds yield an oil; the leaves possess
aperient properties.
=H. micranthus= _Linn._ GHUBEISH (N. Kordn.)—Arab. Undershrub with
spreading branches and stellate pubescence. Leaves 3-nerved, wedge-
shaped at base, about 1 in. long. Flowers ½ in. long, pink. Epicalyx of
7-8 linear segments. Seeds numerous, cottony.
Red Sea Prov.; White Nile Prov. (El Dueim); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov.
(J. Sungur); Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla).
=H. micranthus= _Linn._, =var.= ABUTKULA—Hadendowa.
Procumbent herb, with white flowers, turning pink after fertilisation.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit); Darfur Prov.
=H. ternatus= _Mast._
Erect branching herb. Leaves palmately 3-lobed, upper leaves more deeply
cut. Epicalyx none; calyx lobes 3-nerved; corolla yellow, under 1 in.
long. Capsule pointed, hairy. White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Mongalla
Prov. (Sh. Tombé).
=H. Solandra= _L’Herit._
Tall, woody herb, not unlike _Wissadula rostrata_ in general appearance.
Leaves ovate to more or less deeply 3-lobed, cordate, dentate-serrate.
Flowers pink, ½ in. across, in few-flowered terminal raceme; bracteoles
none.
Blue Nile Prov. (Geneib Assad).
=H. sudanensis= _Hochst._
Woody, with prickly stems. Leaves triangular, truncate at base, up to 6
in. long, dentate, glabrous above, glabrescent or pubescent below.
Flowers axillary, solitary or 2-3. Bracteoles 10, linear.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
=H. esculentus= _Linn._ BAMIA & WEIKAH—Arab; KWEINDE (Dilling)—Nuba;
KARAN—Hameg; FOMAH (Renk)—Dinka; BARA (Ghabat El Arab)—Nuer.
Tall, erect, woody herb. Leaves long-stalked, palmately 5-lobed. Corolla
large, yellow, with purple centre. Capsule 4-6 in. long.
Cultivated. The young pods are used as a vegetable, the stem yields a
good fibre.
225 =Cienfuegosia digitata= _Cav._ GUTUB & GID EL GUTN (N. Kordn.),
MĀNAGIGA (Meshra El Zeraf) and GUTN EL KHAL—Arab.
Hairy herb or undershrub, somewhat like a small cotton plant. Leaves
5-lobed; ovary black punctate.
Kordofan Prov. (Fertangul & North Kordofan); Upper White Nile Prov.
(Meshra El Zeraf).
226 =Thespesia near Garckeana= _F. Hoffm._ NAJIKAR (J. Daier)—Nuba.
Small tree. Leaves palmate, 3½ in. broad, stellate-pubescent below.
Capsule the size of a chestnut, seeds hairy, said to be edible.
Nuba Mountains Prov. (J. Daier).
227 =Gossypium arboreum= _Linn._ =var. rosea= _Watt._
Cotton plant.
Semi-cultivated in various parts of the country.
=G. Nanking var. Roji= _Watt._
White Nile Prov.
=var. soudanensis= _Watt._
Semi-cultivated.
=var. Brouniana= _Watt._ ALAS—Dinka.
Mongalla Prov. (Kenissa).
=var. Bani= _Watt._
Khartoum Prov.
=G. obtusifolium= _Roxb._ =var. africana= _Watt._
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin); White Nile, Kordofan & Darfur Provinces.
=var. Wightiana= _Watt._
Darfur Prov.; Mongalla Prov. (Bor).
=G. hirsutum= _Linn._ GUTN AMERICANI—Arab.
Cultivated in northern provinces under irrigation and as a rain crop in
the south.
=G. peruvianum= _Cav._
Hybrids of this species are cultivated in the Central Sudan under the
name of Egyptian Cotton.
=G. cf. G. mexicanum= _Tod._
Two varieties with yellow and red flowers, respectively, are found among
native cultivation in the Fung Province.
=G. purpurascens= _Poir._ GUTN ARABI, GUTN MUMTAZ—Arab.
Found semi-cultivated in various parts of the country.
=G. herbaceum= _Linn._
Darfur Prov. (cultivated).
=G. brasiliense= _Macf._ ROKO—Zande. Kidney Cotton.
Stout, woody plant, up to 15 ft. high. Corolla, calyx, ovary and bracts
punctate. Seeds cohering; staple short. The cotton is called RAMU by the
Zande.
Bahr El Ghazal & Mongalla Provinces.
=EUPHORBIACEÆ.=
228 =Synadenium Grantii= _Hook. f._
Shrub, 8-10 ft. high. Leaves alternate, thinly fleshy, oblanceolate or
obovate, 3-7 in. long. Cymes axillary, repeatedly forked. Invol.
2-sexual or male, ¼ in. diameter, saucer-shaped with a red entire,
spreading gland-rim, from the inner edge of which spring 5 inflexed,
fringe lobes, overtopping the rim. Inside the invol. the stamens (male
flowers) arranged in 5 groups, separated by membranous walls; ovary
(female flowers) when present, central, stalked, with a rudimentary
3-crenate rim as per., 3-lobed, as most common in this family; styles 3,
deeply bifid, recurved.
Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
229 =Euphorbia convolvuloides= _Hochst._
Bushy herb, 6-20 in. high, tomentose. Leaves opposite, oblong or ovate-
lanceolate, ⅓-1½ in. long, acute, obliquely subcordate; stipules
subulate, free or connate. Flowering branchlets short, bearing clustered
white or tawny minute involucres; invol. differs from above by the rim-
gland which is not continuous but 4-lobed; gland-lobes entire or
crenulate. Capsules obtusely 3-angled, 1/12 in. diameter, tomentose,
separating into 3 lobes from the central axis, as in all this genus.
Kordofan Prov. (J. Kon, Obeid).
=E. hirta= _Linn._ ABULEBBEN—Arab.
Yellow hairy herb, 4-16 in. high, with milky juice as in all this genus.
Leaves opposite, obliquely lanceolate, or rhomboid-oblong, or ovate, ⅓-2
in. long, serrulate. Cymes axillary globose or divided into 2-3 globose
heads; invol. crowded, minute, rim-glands 4, with minute dorsal
appendage. Capsules globose 3-angled, puberulous, minute.
Khartoum Prov.
The root is said to be given to allay vomiting.
=E. hypericifolia= _Linn._ MABLEBEN (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab; GNIOR
(Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka.
Herb, 3-18 in. high. Leaves opposite, from linear-oblong to ovate, ¼-1½
in. long, usually denticulate. Cymes axillary, ⅙-½ in. diameter; few or
many-flowered. Invol. cup-shaped, minute, rim-glands minute, appendaged,
white; styles deeply bifid.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: around Matamma); Khartoum Prov.; Fung Prov.
(Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Upper
White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf); Bahr El Jebel; Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
(Niamniam-land).
=E. scordifolia= _Jacq._ MALBEINA HAMRA & UMLEBEINA (Kordn.)—Arab.
Bushy, woolly herb. Leaves opposite, oblong or oblong-elliptic, ¼-¾ in.
long, obtuse, obliquely subcordate, serrulate. Invol. usually crowded
along axillary, leafy branchlets. Flowers much as above.