cordate, scabrid, serrate. Male and female flowers in the same leaf
axil; corolla campanulate, small, yellow; stamens 3, anthers cohering,
flexuous. Fruit globose, 1 in. diameter, green, striped with yellow.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N. Lat.).
166 =Mukia scabrella= _Arn._
Hispid herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves cordate, almost
triangular. Flowers monœcious, small, yellow, male and female together
in axillary clusters. Fruit almost globose, with a few scattered hairs,
½ in. diameter, scarlet.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Between Suakin & Berber (Gireshab); Upper
White Nile Prov. (opposite Tonga Mission); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur
Ghattas).
Used medicinally on the West Coast as an aperient and sudorific, and
also for flatulency.
167 =Zehneria cordifolia= _Schwfth._
Slender climber. Leaves cordate or triangular-cordate, 1½-2 in.
diameter. Male and female flowers in the same axil. Flowers white. Fruit
a berry, ¼ in. diameter, globose.
Bahr El Jebel (Sudd); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Mbomu, near
the Lesi R.).
168 =Melothria deltoidea= _Benth._
Slender trailing or climbing plant. Leaves triangular-hastate. Flowers
white, monœcious; anthers distinct; fruit almost fusiform. Tendrils
simple.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambé); Mongalla Prov. (Kenissa).
=M. tridactyla= _Hook. f._
Very slender thread-like branches. Leaves deltoid, very thin, 2 in. long
and broad, scabrid-warted on both sides; tendrils thread-like. Flowers
very small, on slender racemes.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Boddo River, 3729 Schwfth).
169 =Kedrostis foetidissima= _Cogn._ SHA’ALUK—Arab.
Herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves broadly ovate, cordate, 1-3
in. Flowers small, male in slender racemes, female solitary, monœcious.
Fruit fœtid, rugose, beaked, orange coloured when ripe.
Kordofan Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Kodok); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
(Dinka-land, Djuiho).
The root is used for curing piles and asthma. The berry is used as cure
for sore throat, also when pounded up is given to sick cattle. The stem
is dried and pounded and used for mixing with snuff.
=K. sp.=
Small climber with yellow flowers.
Upper White Nile Prov. (Kodok).
170 =Corallocarpus Fenzlii= _Hook. f._
Prostrate herb. Leaves orbicular, 3-5 lobed, 3-4 in. diameter. Fruit
ovoid, long beaked, fleshy, scarlet.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol).
=C. erostris= _Hook. f._
Prostrate herb. Leaves orbicular, obtusely 5-angled. Fruit hardly or not
at all beaked, scarlet.
Nubian Coast; Red Sea Prov. (Wadi Soturba).
=C. Gijef= _Hook. f._
Prostrate; stem woody. Leaves scabrid, reniform, ovate, ¾ in. diameter,
3-lobed, distantly toothed, scabrid-glandular; tendrils stout, corky,
white. Flowers small, greenish-yellow. Fruit very short beaked, scarlet.
Sudan North (Between Berber & Red Sea, in Wadis); Kassala Prov. (J.
Kirureb); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (Kaija Nuba).
=C. Ehrenbergii= _Hook. f._
Prostrate. Leaves deeply 3-5 lobed. Fruit beak slender, ½ in. long.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin).
=C. etbaicus= _Hook. f._
Prostrate; stem angular. Leaves 3-5 lobed, 1-2 in. diameter, ashy grey.
Fruit short-beaked, ½-⅔ in. long.
Red Sea Prov. (Soturba).
171 =Ctenolepis fimbristipula= _K._ & _P._
Herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves deeply 5-lobed. Fruit size
of a cherry, when ripe red, with white markings. Stipular bracts, broad,
fringed.
Blue Nile Prov.; White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kassala Prov.
(Gallabat); Kordofan Prov. (Obeid & Mulbes); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
172 =Citrullus vulgaris= _Schrad._ BATTIKH—Arab. The Watermelon.
Climbing or trailing herb; tendrils 2-3-fid. Leaves glabrous or slightly
hairy, palmately 3 or 7-lobed; lobes pinnatifid. Fruit globular, up to
size of a man’s head, green.
Cultivated everywhere on river banks and sandbanks.
The natives of the Bahr El Ghazal Prov. grow amongst their rain crops an
inedible variety called KOREISH BATTIKH (Arab) or DITIRA (Zande), and
extract an edible oil from the seeds.
=C. Colocynthis= _Schrad._ HANDAL—Arab; DUAB—Nuer.
Climbing, or more usually, prostrate herb. Leaves much as above, but
scabrid on both surfaces. Fruit globose, the size of a cricket ball,
intensely bitter.
North Sudan.
The Colocynth Fruit, or Bitter Apple of Commerce. The pulp is extracted
and exported, it possesses powerful cathartic properties and is widely
used in medicine. In the Sudan a tar is obtained from the fruit with
which water bags are dressed in order to prevent camels from tearing
them open. The powdered pulp, either alone or mixed with Black Pepper,
is used as a preventative against the Clothes Moth.
173 =Cephalandra indica= _Naud._
Climbing perennial; tendrils simple; stem angular and grooved. Leaves
usually broad cordate-ovate, more or less deeply 5-lobed, glabrous.
Flowers diœcious, solitary, axillary; stamens 3, anthers connate. Fruit
ovoid-oblong, slightly beaked, scarlet.
Red Sea Prov.; White Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov.; Mongalla
Prov. (Sheikh Tombé & Mongalla).
The scarlet, oblong fruit, is eaten both raw or cooked. The juice of the
tap-root is used for diabetes.
=C. Moghadd= _Aschers._ MUGHAD—Arab.
Climbing. Leaves pentagonal or sub-5-lobed to nearly the middle,
dentate, with glandular teeth, very acute, up to 4½ in. long, closely
scabrid-warted all over; tendrils slender, undivided. Flowers fairly
large, with spreading gamopetalous corolla. Fruits oblong, fibrous, 2½
in. long.
White Nile Prov.
=C. quinqueloba= _Schrad._ MUGHAD (N. Kordn.)—Arab.
Prostrate or climbing herb; tendrils simple. Leaves deeply 5-lobed, 3-5
in. broad, with glands at base of nerves. Flowers diœcious. Male flower
solitary or subcymose; stamens 3; anthers connate, twisted. Female
flower solitary, white or yellow. Fruit oblong-ovoid.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov. (Bara);
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Nuer & Dinka Country); Sudd Country (Hillet El
Nuer).
Fruit edible.
=C. diversifolia= _Naud._
Prostrate or climbing herb. Leaves 1-6 in. broad, upper ovate-cordate,
acuminate, toothed; lower palmately, deeply 3-5 lobed, hispid. Male
flower, corolla broadly campanulate; stamens 3, filaments partly free.
Fruit ovoid, marbled red, white and yellow.
Between Suakin & Berber (J. Okurr); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
174 =Cucurbita maxima= _Duchesne._ ARAA- or GARAA-STAMBULI or -AASSALI
(Egypt)—Arab. Pumpkin.
Creeping herb. Leaves large, 5-lobed. Fruit large.
=CARICACEÆ.=
175 =Carica Papaya= _Linn._ PIPI—Zande. Paw-Paw.
Small, soft-wooded tree, showing leaf-scars on the stem. Leaves large
palmatifid. Fruit of female tree almost sessile on stem close to base of
the leaves, the size of a small melon, the orange-yellow pulp of which
is eaten.
Introduced. Cultivated in gardens.
Fruit edible, possesses a digestive principle called Papain, similar to
Pepsin, which is marketed as a drug.
=CACTACEÆ.=
176 =Opuntia Dillenii= _Haw._ BRITTEIN—Hadendowa.
Succulent subarborescent plants with more or less prickly, jointed stems
and branches; joints flat, obovate. Flowers from upper edge of joints,
yellow, tinged with red, 2-3 in. across. Fruit pyriform, edible when
ripe.
The Prickly Pear, cultivated and sub-wild. Originally introduced from
America.
=OCHNACEÆ.=
177 =Ochna Schweinfurthiana= _F. Hoffm._
A tree, 25 ft. high. Leaves oblanceolate, widely emarginate, about 3½
in. long and 1½ in. broad, serrulate, many-nerved; flowers clustered,
long-pedicellate; sepals 1 cm. long; fruits 1 cm. long, reticulate.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land: Deragoh).
=O. ardisioides= _Webb._
Small or middle-sized tree, with coriaceous leaves; flowers in twos, on
old wood. Style 4-5-fid.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); Fung Prov. (Roseires).
=O. leucophlœos= _Hochst._
Tortuous shrub. Leaves coriaceous, closely serrulate, 3-6 in. long.
Flowers 3-10 together, on old wood, yellow; anthers dehiscing by pore-
like slits.
Fung Prov.
=O. sp.=
Shrub, with dark bark; leafless at time of flowering; flowers white.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Between Wau & Deim Zubeir).
=O. sp.=
Mittu-land (Derago).
178 =Lophira alata= _Banks._ TANGA—Dinka & Jur, ZAWA—Zande.
Tree with long, glossy leaves; fruit like a shuttlecock, usually
3-winged. Flowers white or yellow, in terminal pyramidal panicles.
Mongalla Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (from Wau southwards).
The seeds yield an oil which is used in cooking, for hair oil and for
making soap. The wood is very hard and heavy (density 1.1), difficult to
work. It is dark brown in colour, and is suitable for heavy joinery and
sleepers.
179 =Ouratea Arnoldiana= _De Wild_ & _Dur._
_Gomphia Arnoldiana_ DC.
Shrub or tree. Leaves oblong-oblanceolate, acutely acuminate, about 6
in. long, 2 in. broad, with very numerous but obscure parallel nerves,
minutely and distantly toothed; flowers yellow, few in racemes, shorter
than the leaves.
Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: by the Mbrwole River).
=O. densiflora= _De Wild_ & _Dur._
_Gomphia densiflora_ DC.
Shrub or tree. Leaves oblong-obovate, very shortly acuminate, about 6
in. long, 2½-3 in. broad, rather closely serrulate, with rather distant
lateral nerves; flowers in lax panicles longer than the leaves.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Linduku Stream).
180 =Sauvagesia erecta= _Linn._
Small herb. Leaves lanceolate or oblong, serrulate; stipules persistent,
pectinate-ciliate. Flowers small, white, rose or violet; fertile stamens
5; staminodes in two rows, inner of 5 petaloid, and outer of numerous
capitate hairs. Capsule 3-valved.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dokuttu: Bongo-land, to Congo).
The plant is very mucilaginous.
=DIPTEROCARPACEÆ.=
181 =Monotes Kerstingii= _Gilg._ MELLA—Dinka.
Small tree; fruit surrounded by the enlarged ring-like sepals. Leaves
elliptic, rounded at both ends, with about 12 pairs of lateral nerves,
softly white tomentose below, about 4 in. by 2¾ in.; flowers small, in
axillary cymes.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: East of Tonj, Bongo-land & Dar Fertit).
=MYRTACEÆ.=
182 =Syzygium guineense= _DC._ KORONGO, AGUA or AGUD—Golo; KULOH or
KULA—Jur; SANAMBIRI—Zande.
Two types: (a) A large tree with heavy foliage. Leaves ovate-oblong,
short-acuminate. Flowers pale yellow, fragrant. (b) Small tree with
ovate or obovate leaves. Flowers white.
Fung Prov.; Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 4-8,000 ft.); Bahr El Ghazal &
Mongalla Provinces: Jur-land & Mittu-land: Kuragera.
A good timber tree; wood red, hard, even-grained, durable; fruit a
small, purple edible berry. Leaves aromatic when bruised.
183 =Psidium pomiferum= _Don._ The Guava tree.
Shrub or small tree. Leaves opposite, oblong or elliptic-oblong.
Peduncles axillary, about 1½ in. long, with 1-3 flowers; flowers white.
Fruit oblong, size of a small lemon, strongly aromatic when ripe.
Introduced from West Indies. Grown in gardens.
=MELASTOMATACEÆ.=
184 =Osbeckia saxicola= _Gilg._
Hispid pilose herb. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, up to 7 cm. long,
long setose-pilose on both surfaces. Flowers paniculate, rose. Fruits
urn-shaped, calyx deciduous.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas & Niamniam-land: by Nambia Brook, near
the Kishi).
=O. senegambiensis= _Guill._ & _Perr._
Small shrub; branches 4-angled, scabrid; nodes with long-spreading
bristles. Leaves opposite, elliptic to lanceolate, with 3 parallel
nerves. Flowers ¾ in. diameter, rose or purple, usually 5-merous, in
terminal racemes; anthers 10, 2-tubercled at base. Capsule enclosed in
10-ribbed, bristly calyx-tube.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (near the Pongo River between Wau & Chak-Chak).
185 =Antherotoma Naudini= _Hook. f._
Small herb, stem 4-angled. Leaves opposite, in few pairs, ovate, ½ in.
long. Flowers small, 4-merous, surrounded by a 4-leaved involucre; lobes
of calyx alternating with bristles; stamens 8-10, with connective
produced below, 2-tubercled at base, anthers opening by large pores.
Capsule membranous.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Addai & Dar Fertit: near the Kuru
River).
186 =Dissotis petiolata= _Hook. f._
Shrub. Leaves 4-6 in. long, elliptic, with 5-parallel nerves, opposite.
Flowers solitary or 2 together, 5-merous, pink or purple, enclosed in
leafy bracts, anthers 8-10, some longer, incurved, connective produced,
as long as anther-cells. Capsule 5-valved, with a minute ring of
bristles.
Bahr El Jebel (Madi); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=D. capitata= (_Vahl_) _Hook. f._ =var. Barteri= _Hook. f._
Small shrub, scabrid, 4-angled. Leaves 3-5 in. long, opposite, 5-7
parallel-nerved. Flowers in small bracteate heads; stamens and capsule
as above.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Khor Tela: between Tonj & Wau).
=D. phæotricha= _Triana._ (_Osbeckia postpluvialis_ Gilg).
Hispid herb, 6-8 in. high, 4-angled. Leaves 2 in. long, oblong with 3-5
parallel nerves. Flowers 4-merous, capitate; bracts small, pectinate,
with bristles; calyx bristly; petals purple, obovate; anthers of 2
lengths; connective short, 2-fid, shorter; stamens 2-tubercled at base.
Capsule as above.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: near Kulengo, Jur Ghattas).
=D. rotundifolia= ex _Gilg._ (_D. prostrata_ Triana).
Herb. Leaves ovate, 3-nerved, about 1¼ in. long, ¾ in. broad, slightly
pubescent. Flowers few, rose; calyx lobes lanceolate, acute, ⅓ in. long.
Fruits nearly glabrous, ⅓ in. long, calyx persistent.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Atazilli).
=D. Schweinfurthii= _Gilg._
Bushy plant, 4 ft. high. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, 1½-3 in.
long, ¾-1 in. broad, hispidulous, 5-nerved. Flowers with 2 large bracts
at the base, mauve; calyx densely covered with very hairy bristles;
smaller lobes between the calyx lobes.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=D. scabra= _Gilg._
Herb, 3-4 ft., stems subquadrangular. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, 4 in.
long, 1½-2 in. broad, scabrid above, scabrid-puberulous below. Flowers
in terminal cymes. Calyx with numerous disk-like processes outside,
setose.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: between Tonj & Duguru & Niamniam-land:
Kulensho).
187 =Tristemma roseum= _Gilg._
Branchlets slender, glabrous. Leaves elliptic, acute, 2½ in. long, 1 in.
broad, slightly setulose. Involucres sessile. Receptacle glabrous. Calyx
lobes obtuse. Flowers rose.
Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: by the Assika River).
=T. Incompletum= _R. Br._
Erect, bristly shrub; branches 4-angled. Leaves opposite, elliptic to
lanceolate, 4-6 in. long, 5-7 nerved, hairy. Flowers capitate, enclosed
in broad, hairy bracts. Receptacle with a single ring of bristles.
Petals ¼ in., white or pink; stamens 10, mostly equal, with 1 pore,
2-tubercled; crown of ovary bristly. Fruit dry.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso River); Mongalla
Prov. (Yei River).
=T. papillosum= _Gilg._
Erect shrub, bristly; branches 4-angled. Leaves opposite, elliptic to
lanceolate, 4-6 in. long, 5-7 nerved, hairy. Flowers capitate, enclosed
in leafy bracts. Receptacle quite glabrous.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=T. grandifolium= _Gilg._
Branches setose. Leaves ovate-elliptic, acuminate, pubescent on both
surfaces, 5 in. long, 2½ in. broad. Involucres sessile, 4-7 flowered.
Receptacle with 2 rings of hairs.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=COMBRETACEÆ.=
188 =Terminalia macroptera= _Guill._ & _Perr._ DAROT or DURŪT—Arab;
KOTWANG (J. Eliri)—Nuba.
Tree, 60 ft. high. Leaves alternate, 1 ft. or more long, ovate, tips
sometimes reflexed. Flowers small, green or white, in lax axillary
spikes; petals (as in others of this genus) 0; stamens 10, in 2 rows.
Fruit 2-winged, 3-4 in. long, 1 in. broad.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli).
Exudes a gum. Bark burnt as perfume by Sudanese women. Wood handsome and
close grained, has been sold as Teak.
=T. near macroptera= _Guill._ & _Perr._ SIORO—Golo.
Young leaves purplish, slightly pubescent, mature elliptic, cuneate at
each end, about 9 in. long, 3-3½ in. broad, at length quite glabrous.
Flowers and fruits not seen.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Wau).
=T. laxiflora= _Engl._ GURFA—Bongo.
Medium tree. Leaves elliptic, rounded at the base, about 6 in. long and
3 in. broad, glabrous. Spikes axillary, very slender, 5-6 in. long.
Fruit 2-winged, 3 in. long, 1 in. broad. Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur
Ghattas); Khor Dehab, Blue Nile.
=T. Schweinfurthii= _Eng._ & _Diels._ DURŪT—Arab; LINGA—Dinka.
Very similar to preceding, but leaves very unequal-sided and cuneate at
the base and narrowed to the apex.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: near the Gendua River); Fung Prov.; Nuba Mts.
Prov. (Um Seneina, near J. El Amira & Singukai); Bahr El Ghazal &
Mongalla Provinces.
=T. aff. T. Schweinfurthii= _Eng._ & _Diels._ TAMAREIB (Kordn.)—Arab.
Leaves verticillate, ovate to oblong-elliptic, obtuse, sub-cuneate at
the base, 3-4 in. long, strongly reticulate and tomentellous below.
Fruits narrowly oblong, 2½ in. long, ¾ in. broad, flat, glabrous.
Kordofan Prov. (near Um Ruaba).
=T. salicifolia= _Schwfth._
Stems and leaves glaucous, glabrous. Leaves lanceolate, acute at both
ends, 6 in. long, 1-1¾ in. broad, finely reticulate below. Spikes
axillary. Young fruit pubescent.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat).
=T. torulosa= _F. Hoffm._
Tree, 30 ft. Leaves elliptic, rounded at each end, about 9 in. long and
5 in. broad, softly tomentose below and strongly nerved. Spikes about 4
in. long, tomentose. Fruit 3 in. long, 1 in. broad, tomentellous.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=T. sp.=
Tree, 15 ft. high. Leaves broadly elliptic, rounded at each end, 8 in.
long and 5 in. broad, reticulate and sparsely pubescent below, with
about 15 pairs of lateral nerves. Flowers and fruit not seen.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir, III 228 Schwfth).
=T. Spekei= _Rolfe._
Small tree with rough bark, 10 to 20 ft. high. Leaves elongate oblong-
obovate, about 12 in. long and 4 in. broad, very densely and softly
tomentose below, with very strong lateral nerves. Fruits oblong-
elliptic, 3 in. long, 1½ in. broad, tomentellous.
Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
=T. splendida= _Engl._ & _Diels._ DURŪT—Arab; FIOK or PHUK—Dinka; TO &
FIAWE—Golo; FIOK & POH—Jur; GURFA—Bongo; BAKAIPUR—Zande.
Tree, 50 ft. high, with rough bark. Leaves large, elliptic, slightly
narrowed at each end, 9 in. long, 4 in. broad, leathery, softly
tomentose below.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
Bark rough; when powdered, is used as snuff by Sudanese women. This
species is very resistant to grass fires.
=T. Brownei= _Fresen._ SUBAKH & SUBARAYA—Arab; TAHAT—Rashida;
’MBRA—Nuba.
Large tree, with delicate branch tracery; old bark rough, young bark
smooth, whitish. Fruit 2-winged, purplish-red, up to 3 in. long. Leaves
in large tufts near the ends of branches, broadly lanceolate or elliptic
acuminate.
Fung Prov.; Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 5,200 ft.); Kordofan Prov.; Red Sea
Prov. (Has Has).
=T. sericea= _Burch._
Small tree; bark steel coloured; the whole covered with silky
pubescence. Leaves crowded in pseudo-verticils, oblanceolate-cuspidate.
Fruit 2-winged, roundish-ovate, rusty-velvety, 1 in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Biri River).
=T. sp. 1337= _Schwfth._
Shrub, with viscid young parts. Leaves (very young) ovate-elliptic,
small, with about 5 pairs of lateral nerves, pubescent on the midrib.
Spikes short.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=T. glabra= _Roxb._
Very large tree with smooth bark, flaking off in large pieces. Leaves
sub-opposite. Fruit 1½ in. long, 5-winged.
Introduced.
Exudes a gum. The timber is light-brown in colour and fairly strong, but
does not resist white ants. The bark is sometimes used for dyeing; it is
also considered tonic and astringent. A fine white lime-like ash is
obtained by burning the bark.
=T. Dawei= _Rolfe._
Small tree. Leaves elongate-obovate, up to 12 in. long and 4 in. broad,
with numerous lateral nerves. Flowers not seen. Fruits red, glaucous,
flat, 4 in. long, 1¾ in. broad.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
189 =Anogeissus leiocarpus= _Guill._ & _Perr._ SAHABA (Kordofan) &
SEILAG—Arab; DARO—Rashida; SHIRGI (Dilling), KÏRĪD (J. Eliri) & TAMURU
(Kadugli)—Nuba; SINGA & M’BA—Golo; KHAI—Hameg; AMMET (Goz El
Siada)—Dinka; YIN—Burun; MET—Nuer; SIRINGA—Bongo; BANGA—Zande.
Tall, graceful tree, with slender drooping branches and smooth bark
which flakes off. Leaves alternate, ovate-lanceolate. Flowers in globose
heads, small; petals 0; fruit small, coriaceous, broadly 2-winged.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung, Kordofan & Bahr El Ghazal Provinces;
Upper White Nile Prov. (Goz El Siada); Bahr El Jebel (Madi); Darfur
Prov.; Red Sea Prov. (Has Has).
Timber white, strong, elastic, useful for building carts, implements,
etc. Not suitable for railway sleepers. The roots are rich in tannin and
the wood ashes are used in W. Africa as a mordant for fixing dyes.
Yields an insoluble gum.
=A. near leiocarpus= _Guill._ & _Perr._ SAHABA—Arab.
Differs chiefly by its more marked heartwood.
Kordofan Prov.
Timber dark, hard and capable of taking a good polish.
190 =Gulera senegalensis= _Lam._ OBEISH or RUBEISH—Arab; KŪĪ (J.
Eliri)—Nuba.
Small tree or shrub with downy branches, the whole plant minutely black
dotted. Leaves opposite, oval, subcordate, cuspidate. Flowers in
pedunculate involucrate heads. Fruit densely clothed with very long
silky hairs, making a fluffy head.
Kordofan, Darfur & Nuba Mts. Provinces.
Good camel fodder.
191 =Combretum trichanthum= _Fresen._ TARŌB—Rashida; SHĀF—Hadendowa.
Small tree; young branches pubescent. Leaves opposite, elliptic to
elliptic-lanceolate, 4-8 in. long, densely hairy when young. Flowers
4-merous, small, in axillary spikes; petals obdeltoid, minutely fringed
stamens 8, in 2 rows; fruit 4-5 winged, ¾ in. long.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
=C. Hartmannianum= _Schwfth._ HABIL (White Nile), SUBAKH or SUBAKH SODA
(Fung)—Arab; KARSO (J. Daier), HAGGIARN (Dilling), KWAE (J. Eliri) &
N’DARU (Kadugli)—Nuba.
Small to fairly large tree. Leaves opposite, long acuminate-caudate.
Flowers: calyx 4-lobed; petals 4, minute; stamens 8, in 2 rows. Fruit
4-winged.
Fung Prov. (Roseires & Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov. (Jebelein); Nuba
Mts. Prov.; Red Sea Prov. (Has Has).
Exudes a gum. The timber is said to be good. Some portions of the tree
are used as perfume by the Nuba.
=C. lecananthum= _Engl._ & _Diels._ M’NA—Golo; DERA—Jur.
Small tree. Leaves oblong-elliptic, 4 in. long, 1-1¾ in. broad, thin,
glabrous. Racemes shorter than the leaves, slender. Fruits broadly
elliptic, 1 in. long, 4-winged, glabrous.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Wau).
=C. multispicatum= _Engl._ & _Diels._ HABIL—Arab; MANĀ or TEPELU—Golo;
GŎK—Nuer.
Moderate-sized tree; branchlets and leaves pubescent, the latter
alternate, broadly oblong-elliptic, mucronate, 4 in. long, 1¾ in. broad,
glossy when young. Flowers paniculate, pubescent, small.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo & Jur-lands).
=C. ghasalense= _Engl._ & _Diels._ HABIL—Arab; TEPELU—Golo; BAZE—Zande.
Moderate-sized tree. Leaves in whorls of 3, oblong-elliptic, acute at
both ends, 3 in. long, 1¼ in. broad, glabrous and closely reticulate on
both surfaces. Flowers in short panicles, crowded.
Kordofan Prov. (Fertangul); Darfur Prov., Bahr El Ghazal & Mongalla
Provinces.
The smoke from the wood is used as perfume by Sudanese women.
=C. brunneum= _Engl._ & _Diels._
Small tree, 20 ft. high; branchlets glabrous. Leaves opposite, ovate-
lanceolate, rounded or subcordate at the base, obtuse and emarginate at
the apex, 2-2½ in. long, about 1 in. broad, reddish-brown and closely
reticulate when dry. Fruits sub-orbicular, 4-winged, ¾ in. broad.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas, Mittu-land).
=C. undulatum= _Wall._ SUBAKH or SUBAKH BEIDA (Fung)—Arab; BOGWEH—Bari;
BAZI—Hameg.
Tree, 40 ft. high: branchlets glabrous. Leaves in whorls of 3, oblong-
elliptic, acute, 6 in. long, 2 in. broad, undulate, glossy or viscid
when young. Flower paniculate, small, hairy.
Fung Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov. (Ghebeish); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land:
Kutshuk Ali & Mittu-land: Ngama); Mongalla Prov. (Sh. Thombé).