stems annual from a woody rhizome with yellow interior.
=Cochlospermaceæ=
ff) Seeds not hairy; ovary often deeply lobed, in fruit the
carpels becoming nearly free on the enlarged torus; leaves
pinnately nerved; stems not annual.
=Ochnaceæ=
eee) Anthers straight or nearly so, opening by longitudinal slits:
f) Flowers actinomorphic (regular):
g) Leaves stipulate, the stipules sometimes falling off early but
leaving a scar:
h) Corona present in the flowers.
=Passifloraceæ=
hh) Corona absent:
i) Stamens and petals hypogynous:
j) Leaves usually pinnate; wood often with resinous juice.
=Anacardiaceæ=
jj) Leaves simple; wood without resinous juice.
=Flacourtiaceæ=
ii) Stamens and petals perigynous.
=Rosaceæ=
gg) Leaves without stipules:
h) Trees or shrubs; leaves never lobed.
=Flacourtiaceæ=
hh) Herbs with milky juice; stems glaucous; leaves amplexicaul,
pinnately lobed or sinuate.
=Papaveraceæ=
ff) Flowers zygomorphic (irregular):
g) Ovary of 1 carpel; trees or shrubs.
h) Odd petal abaxial; corolla not as below.
=Cæsalpiniaceæ=
hh) Odd petal abaxial; corolla composed of standard, wings and
keel.
=Papilionaceæ=
gg) Ovary of more than 1 carpel; herbs; petals often divided.
=Resedaceæ=
bb) Stamens 12 or fewer:
c) Stamens 6, four long and two short (tetradynamous); petals 4,
clawed.
=Cruciferæ=
cc) Stamens not as above, very rarely 6 and then of equal length;
petals rarely 4:
d) Flowers markedly zygomorphic:
e) Fertile stamens sometimes only 2; ovary often on a short or long
gynophore.
f) Ovary of more than 1 carpel (_i.e._, more than 1 placenta).
=Capparidaceæ=
ff) Ovary of 1 carpel (_i.e._, only 1 placenta); leaves usually
pinnate.
=Cæsalpiniaceæ=
ee) Fertile stamens usually 10 or 8, more than 2:
f) Anthers often with a produced connective; herbs.
=Violaceæ=
ff) Anthers without a produced connective, sometimes with a gland
at the apex; habit various, but mostly trees, shrubs or climbers:
g) Odd petal abaxial; corolla composed of standard, wings and
keel (papilionaceous); ovary with a single placenta.
=Papilionaceæ=
gg) Odd petal abaxial; corolla not as above; ovary with a single
placenta.
=Cæsalpiniaceæ=
ggg) Odd petal abaxial; ovary with 3 placentas; 5 fertile and 5
barren stamens.
=Moringaceæ=
dd) Flowers actinomorphic (regular):
e) Flowers with a distinct corona, sometimes this membranous or
represented by a definite ring of hairs towards the base of the
calyx tube.
=Passifloraceæ=
ee) Flowers without a corona:
f) Stamens united, with the anthers in a ring around the apex of
the column; endosperm of the seeds often ruminate; mostly weak
climbers.
=Menispermaceæ=
ff) Stamens free or united only at the base or rarely only the
anthers connivent:
g) Leaves stipulate; anthers with the connective produced above
the cells and often connivent around the style.
=Violaceæ=
gg) Leaves stipulate; anther connective not produced:
h) Staminodes present, sometimes petaloid; stipules often
pectinate.
=Ochnaceæ=
hh) Staminodes absent:
i) Leaves with numerous very sticky glandular hairs, mostly
circinnately coiled in bud; seeds not carunculate.
=Droseraceæ=
ii) Leaves without sticky hairs, not circinnate in bud; seeds
often carunculate or arillate:
j) Styles free to the base.
=Turneraceæ=
jj) Styles simple or shortly divided.
=Passifloraceæ=
ggg) Leaves exstipulate:
h) Herbs; leaves entire or lobed; flowers yellow or orange;
seeds pitted, arillate.
=Turneraceæ=
hh) Trees, shrubs or climbers:
i) Leaves simple, but sometimes deeply divided:
j) Leaves biglandular at the base.
=Passifloraceæ=
jj) Leaves not glandular at the base:
k) Leaves digitately lobed.
=Caricaceæ=
kk) Leaves not digitately lobed; calyx-tube short; stamens
hypogynous.
=Pittosporaceæ=
kkk) Leaves not digitately lobed; calyx-tube rather long;
stamens perigynous.
=Turneraceæ=
kkkk) Leaves very small and more or less ericoid; flowers in
slender spikes or racemes:
=Tamaricaceæ=
ii) Leaves compound:
j) Flowers in heads or dense spikes; petals valvate; ovary of
1 carpel; ovules more than 1.
=Mimosaceæ=
jj) Flowers not in heads or dense spikes; ovary usually of
more than one carpel; ovule solitary.
=Anacardiaceæ=
jjj) Flowers racemose; ovary of 5 carpels with numerous
ovules.
=Caricaceæ=
=GROUP 5. One carpel or more than one united carpels; ovules on the
walls of the ovary; ovary superior; petals present, more or less
united.=
a) Stamens free from the corolla-tube:
b) Ovary composed of more than one carpel:
c) Stamens numerous, more than twice the number of the corolla lobes;
anthers opening by longitudinal slits with broadened truncate
connective; seeds with copious ruminate endosperm; shrubs, trees or
climbers with exstipulate simple leaves.
=Anonaceæ=
cc) Stamens 5-12; anthers not appendaged at the apex, usually opening
by longitudinal slits, rarely by pores; leaves alternate,
exstipulate; erect trees or shrubs:
d) Leaves fairly large; flowers more or less corymbose; stamens 5.
=Pittosporaceæ=
dd) Leaves very small and scale-like; flowers in slender spikes or
racemes; stamens 5-10.
=Tamaricaceæ=
bb) Ovary composed of a single carpel (usually a legume); stamens free
or more usually diadelphous or monadelphous, often 10, rarely
numerous:
c) Stamens connate into a sheath or free; flowers usually
hermaphrodite:
d) Flowers actinomorphic (regular); petals valvate; calyx
gamosepalous or valvate; leaves usually bipinnate, rarely simply
pinnate; flowers often collected into heads.
=Mimosaceæ=
dd) Flowers zygomorphic (irregular) or rarely actinomorphic; sepals
imbricate or rarely valvate; petals imbricate, the upper (adaxial)
one inside the others; leaves often pinnate or bipinnate.
=Cæsalpiniaceæ=
ddd) Flowers zygomorphic; petals imbricate, the upper (adaxial) one
(the standard) outside the others, the lateral two (the wings)
outside the abaxial pair (the keel) which are more or less united
along their lower edges; leaves simple, digitate or simply pinnate.
=Papilionaceæ=
cc) Stamens connate into a column with the anthers in a ring at the
top; flowers dioecious; fruit a drupe; slender climbers.
=Menispermaceæ=
aa) Stamens inserted on the corolla-tube, sometimes near the base:
b) Stamens double the number of the petals, usually diadelphous;
flower sometimes zygomorphic:
c) Flowers zygomorphic (irregular), often somewhat papilionaceous,
hermaphrodite; seeds often hairy; leaves small to medium-sized.
=Polygalaceæ=
cc) Flowers actinomorphic (regular), unisexual or polygamous; seeds
with a succulent coat; leaves large, palmately lobed.
=Caricaceæ=
bb) Stamens the same number as the corolla lobes; corolla
actinomorphic or nearly so:
c) Leaves opposite:
d) Carpels 2, more or less free; pollen granular, no corona in the
corolla; mostly shrubs, trees or climbers.
=Apocynaceæ=
dd) Carpels 2, free; styles separate up to the common thickened
apex; pollen agglutinated into masses; corolla with a corona; mostly
herbs or twiners.
=Asclepiadaceæ=
ddd) Carpels 2, connate into a 1 or 2 celled ovary; pollen not
agglutinated; one common style present:
e) Stamens 5; ovules numerous; herbs; corolla actinomorphic.
=Gentianaceæ=
ee) Stamens 4; ovules 1-2 in each cell; habit various; corolla
usually zygomorphic.
=Verbenaceæ=
cc) Leaves alternate or radical; marsh or aquatic herbs:
d) Corolla lobes imbricate or contorted; styles 2, free or partly
united.
=Hydrophyllaceæ=
dd) Corolla lobes induplicate valvate; style 1, with 1-2 stigmas.
=Gentianaceæ=
bbb) Stamens fewer than the corolla lobes, 4 or 2; corolla zygomorphic
or rarely subactinomorphic:
c) Leafless parasites (on roots) never green herbs; seeds minute,
very numerous, with endosperm.
=Orobanchaceæ=
cc) Leafy and not or rarely parasitic:
d) Ovules numerous on each placenta; mostly trees; seeds transverse,
winged.
=Bignoniaceæ=
dd) Ovules 1-2 on each placenta; stem and branches often 4-sided.
=Verbenaceæ=
=GROUP 6. One carpel or more than one united carpels; ovules on the
walls of the ovary; ovary superior; petals absent.=
a) Flowers arranged in a dense head surrounded by numerous imbricate
bracts; stamens 4, opposite the calyx (or perianth) lobes, the latter
valvate, one splitting away from the other three; leaves alternate,
without stipules.
=Proteaceæ=
aa) Flowers variously arranged but not in heads with an involucre of
bracts; remainder of above characters not associated:
b) Ovary composed of 1 carpel (_i.e._, with 1 placenta):
c) Stamens numerous, free or very slightly connate at the base; pod
stipitate.
=Papilionaceæ=(Cordyla)
cc) Stamens 10 or fewer:
d) Flowers hermaphrodite, not very small; leaves usually compound.
=Cæsalpiniaceæ=
dd) Flowers unisexual or polygamous, usually very small; leaves
usually simple:
e) Ovule pendulous; anthers erect in bud; flowers solitary or
cymose or fasciculate.
=Ulmaceæ=
ee) Ovule pendulous or erect; anthers erect or inflexed in bud;
flowers often on or within an enlarged and often fleshy receptacle
or in catkins or heads.
=Moraceæ=
bb) Ovary composed of more than 1 carpel; at least with 2 or more
placentas:
c) Ovary and fruit stipitate; seeds usually without endosperm and
often with a curved embryo; sepals usually valvate.
=Capparidaceæ=
cc) Ovary sessile:
d) Inflorescence a catkin; flowers dioecious; seeds pilose with a
basal tuft of hairs, without endosperm.
=Salicaceæ=
dd) Inflorescence not a catkin but sometimes a slender pendulous
spike or raceme; flowers usually hermaphrodite; seeds with
endosperm.
e) Flowers hypogynous; no staminodes between the stamens; filaments
free.
=Flacourtiaceæ=
ee) Flowers perigynous; staminodes often present and alternating
with the fertile stamens; filaments free or connate.
=Samydaceæ=
=GROUP 7. One carpel or more than one united carpels; ovules on the
walls of the ovary; ovary inferior; petals present, free from each
other.=
a) Flowers hermaphrodite; anthers straight or nearly so:
b) Anthers opening by pores; leaves mostly opposite with parallel main
nerves; stamens definite, often double the number of the petals.
=Melastomataceæ=
bb) Anthers not opening by pores:
c) Fleshy herbs or shrubs with reduced leaves and often epiphytic;
stamens numerous; seeds without endosperm.
=Cactaceæ=
cc) Tree or shrubs with well-developed green leaves; seeds with
endosperm; stamens sometimes opposite the petals.
=Samydaceæ=
aa) Flowers unisexual; stamens few, with twisted or conduplicate
anthers; usually slender twiners with tendrils; leaves often scabrid.
=Cucurbitaceæ=
=GROUP 8. One carpel or more than one united carpels; ovules on the
walls of the ovary; ovary inferior; petals present, more or less
united.=
Flowers unisexual; leaves alternate without longitudinally parallel
nerves; tendrils often present; stamens mostly 3; anthers often twisted
or conduplicate.
=Cucurbitaceæ=
Flowers hermaphrodite; leaves opposite or verticillate often with
longitudinally parallel nerves, without stipules; anthers mostly
opening by terminal pores.
=Melastomataceæ=
Flowers hermaphrodite, very rarely unisexual; leaves opposite or
alternate, often stipulate; anthers not opening by pores, sometimes
connivent at the apex; ovules numerous on the walls; petals united into
a long tube; stipules persistent, inter- or intra-petiolar.
=Rubiaceæ=(Gardenia)
=GROUP 9. One carpel or more than one united carpels; ovules on the
walls of the ovary; ovary inferior; petals absent; leaves exstipulate;
calyx unilateral or 3 lobed and often coloured.=
=Aristolochiaceæ=
=GROUP 10. One carpel or more than one united carpels; ovules attached
to the central axis or to the base or apex of the ovary cell; ovary
superior; petals present, free from each other.=
a) Perfect stamens the same number as the petals and opposite to them;
leaves alternate or rarely opposite or all radical:
b) Leaves not gland-dotted; petals and stamens more or less hypogynous
or subperigynous; disk usually conspicuous:
c) Calyx lobes or sepals imbricate, usually 2; stipules often
scarious or setose; ovary 1-celled, with basal placenta.
=Portulacaceæ=
cc) Calyx lobes valvate or open in bud:
d) Disk absent from the flowers:
e) Trees and shrubs; ovules usually 2 or more inserted on the inner
angle of the cells; hairs on the leaves often stellate.
=Sterculiaceæ=
ee) Herbs mostly with rosettes of leaves; flowers in corymbs; calyx
tube scarious, ribbed; ovule 1, pendulous on a basal funicle.
=Plumbaginaceæ=
dd) Disk present, perigynous; leaves mostly stipulate; ovary
2-4-celled; ovules erect; seeds mostly with copious endosperm and
large straight embryo.
=Rhamnaceæ=
ddd) Disk present; leaves exstipulate:
e) Ovules erect; ovary 1-3-celled; calyx conspicuous.
=Olacaceæ=
ee) Ovules pendulous; ovary 1-celled; calyx minute.
=Opiliaceæ=
bb) Leaves pellucid-punctate:
c) Leaves simple, without stipules; ovules numerous on a free central
placenta; no tendrils.
=Myrsinaceæ=
cc) Leaves mostly compound, usually stipulate; inflorescence leaf-
opposed; ovules 1-2 in each cell, inserted on the inner angle;
tendrils often present.
=Ampelidaceæ=
aa) Perfect stamens the same number as the petals and alternate with
them or more numerous, very rarely fewer:
b) Style basal; stipules mostly persistent; leaves simple; stamens
numerous; stomata of the leaves usually with special subsidiary cells.
=Rosaceæ=
bb) Style or styles terminal or subterminal, sometimes gynobasic:
c) Flowers markedly zygomorphic (irregular); lower sepal more or less
elongated into a spur; sepals usually 3; anthers connivent around the
ovary, opening lengthwise; seeds without endosperm.
=Balsaminaceæ=
cc) Flowers actinomorphic or very slightly zygomorphic:
d) Stamens united into more than one separate bundle (phalanges)
often opposite the petals; leaves usually opposite, often gland-
dotted or with resinous lines:
e) Leaves opposite, exstipulate:
f) Herbs or shrubs; styles free from the base or nearly so;
flowers hermaphrodite; calyx imbricate.
=Hypericaceæ=
ff) Trees or shrubs; styles mostly more or less united or stigma
one and sessile or sub-sessile; flowers mostly unisexual; calyx
imbricate.
=Guttiferæ=
ee) Leaves alternate, stipulate; trees, shrubs or herbs; calyx
valvate; hairs usually stellate:
f) Stamens with some of the filaments sterile; fruits not hooked.
=Sterculiaceæ=
ff) Stamens all fertile; fruits covered with hooks.
=Tiliaceæ=
dd) Stamens free (at least not united into several bundles) or
sometimes more or less united at the base or into one bundle
(monadelphous):
e) Leaves opposite or verticillate or rarely fasciculate, never all
radical:
f) Leaves compound, rarely unifoliolate and then with a distinctly
tumid petiole, sometimes sessile:
g) Leaves gland-dotted; disk usually present between the stamens
and ovary; ovary often deeply lobed; cells 2-ovuled; pendulous;
stipules rarely present.
=Rutaceæ=
gg) Leaves not gland-dotted, sometimes fleshy; ovules pendulous
from the central axis, 2 or more in each cell; disk often fleshy,
rarely absent; stipules persistent and often paired; shrubs or
herbs; leaves mostly 2-foliolate or pinnate; filaments often with
a scale or gland attached to the base.
=Zygophyllaceæ=
ff) Leaves simple but sometimes deeply and variously divided:
g) Stamens more than twice as many as the petals; calyx valvate:
h) Flowers hermaphrodite; anthers not inflexed in bud:
i) Petals and stamens hypogynous; hairs often stellate;
stipules in pairs.
=Tiliaceæ=
ii) Petals and stamens perigynous; hairs not stellate; stipules
interpetiolar.
=Rhizophoraceæ=
hh) Flowers hermaphrodite; anthers inflexed in bud; petals and
stamens perigynous.
=Lythraceæ=
hhh) Flowers unisexual; anthers inflexed in bud; hairs stellate
or lepidote.
=Euphorbiaceæ=
gg) Stamens not more than twice as many as the petals:
h) Trees, shrubs or woody climbers:
i) Leaves stipulate, sometimes stipules rudimentary or of
hairs:
j) Disk absent or inconspicuous or of separate glands; calyx
often glandular:
k) Calyx mostly with a pair of glands outside; trees, shrubs
or climbers; stamens mostly 10.
=Malpighiaceæ=
kk) Calyx not glandular; anther-cells back to back; trees or
shrubs; petals 4; stamens 4.
=Salvadoraceæ=
jj) Disk present, conspicuous; calyx not glandular:
k) Flowers hermaphrodite:
l) Stamens inserted on or below the margin of the disk;
filaments subulate:
m) Stamens 3-5; sepals imbricate.
=Celastraceæ=
mm) Stamens 8-10; sepals valvate.
=Rhizophoraceæ=
ll) Stamens usually 3, inserted on the disk; filaments
flattened or connivent, often adnate to the ovary; sepals
imbricate.
=Hippocrateaceæ=
kk) Flowers unisexual; ovules pendulous from the apex of the
cell; seeds often carunculate.
=Euphorbiaceæ=
ii) Leaves exstipulate or stipules gland-like:
j) Anthers opening at the apex by a pore, often appendaged at
the base; stamens as many or twice as many as the petals;
leaves often with 3-9 longitudinally parallel nerves.
=Melastomataceæ=
jj) Anthers opening by slits lengthwise; leaves usually with
pinnate nerves:
k) Ovules numerous in each cell; anthers inflexed in bud;
calyx more or less tubular, with valvate lobes, often with
accessory lobes.
=Lythraceæ=
kk) Ovules few in each cell:
=Malpighiaceæ=
l) Ovules pendulous from the apex of the cells; calyx fairly
long and tubular, more or less petaloid; petals usually very
small.
=Thymelæaceæ=
ll) Ovules erect or ascending from the base of the cells;
calyx imbricate:
m) Filaments subulate or filiform; stamens usually 5.
=Celastraceæ=
mm) Filaments flattened; stamens usually 3.
=Hippocrateaceæ=
hh) Herbs, sometimes slightly woody at the base:
i) Leaves stipulate; stipules paired; styles free from the
base; ovules numerous, axile.
=Elatinaceæ=
ii) Leaves exstipulate:
j) Leaves with 3 or more longitudinally parallel nerves;
anthers usually appendaged and opening by a terminal pore.
=Melastomataceæ=
jj) Leaves not as above; anthers opening by longitudinal
slits; stamens perigynous; anthers inflexed in bud.
=Lythraceæ=
ee) Leaves alternate or all radical:
f) Stamens more than twice the number of the sepals or petals:
g) Sepals valvate or open in bud:
h) Anthers 2-celled:
i) Stamens free or slightly united only at the base:
j) Calyx closed in bud:
k) Flowers hermaphrodite; leaves simple; wood not resinous.
=Tiliaceæ=
kk) Flowers unisexual; leaves entire or 3-lobed; petiole with
2 glands at the apex.
=Euphorbiaceæ=
kkk) Flowers usually polygamous; leaves mostly compound;
petiole not glandular at the apex; wood resinous.
=Anacardiaceæ=
jj) Calyx open in bud; leaves simple; stamens up to 20, free
or nearly so.
=Olacaceæ=
ii) Stamens more or less united into a tube or into bundles,
hypogynous; indumentum usually stellate.
=Sterculiaceæ=
hh) Anthers 1-celled, stamens more or less monadelphous; calyx
with or without an epicalyx:
i) Trees or rarely shrubs; leaves digitately compound; carpels
not or very rarely splitting away from the central axis in
fruit.
=Bombacaceæ=
ii) Mostly herbs; leaves simple; carpels often splitting away
from the central axis or becoming free in fruit.
=Malvaceæ=
gg) Sepals imbricate or rarely completely connate or calyptrate:
h) Petals and stamens perigynous; leaves stipulate:
i) Seeds with endosperm and a curved embryo; mostly herbs;
sepals 2.
=Portulacaceæ=
ii) Seeds without endosperm; sepals more than 2.
=Rosaceæ=
hh) Petals and stamens more or less hypogynous or flowers
unisexual; disk often present:
i) Trees, shrubs or woody climbers:
j) Leaves compound, pinnate or rarely unifoliolate and then
with a tumid petiole:
k) Ovule ascending:
l) Leaves gland-dotted; style or styles central.
=Rutaceæ=
ll) Leaves rarely gland-dotted; styles or stigmas often
separated:
m) Wood with resin ducts and leaves scented; style or
stigma often eccentric.
=Anacardiaceæ=
mm) Wood not resinous; leaves not or rarely scented; style
or stigma central.
=Sapindaceæ=
kk) Ovule or ovules pendulous; wood without resin ducts, bark
bitter; leaves usually not gland-dotted.
=Simarubaceæ=
jj) Leaves simple:
k) Flowers unisexual; disk present.
=Euphorbiaceæ=
kk) Flowers hermaphrodite:
l) Torus enlarged after flowering; ovary mostly deeply
lobed, the carpels becoming separated in fruit; anthers
often opening by pores.
=Ochnaceæ=
ll) Torus not enlarged; calyx enlarged and wing-like in
fruit:
m) Flowers mostly rather small and not showy; petals much
contorted; ovary 2- or more-celled; leaves with
comparatively few lateral nerves.
=Dipterocarpaceæ=
mm) Flowers showy; ovary 1-celled with a basal placenta;
leaves long, with very numerous parallel lateral nerves.
=Ochnaceæ=
ii) Herbs; sepals 2; leaves fleshy, exstipulate; ovary 1-celled
with numerous ovules; seeds strophiolate.
=Portulacaceæ=
ff) Stamens definite in number in relation to the sepals or
petals, often the same number or twice as many or fewer:
g) Leaves compound, rarely unifoliolate and then with a
distinctly tumid petiole:
h) Stamens united into a tube; leaves pinnate or rarely
unifoliolate, exstipulate; flowers actinomorphic; seeds often
winged.
=Meliaceæ=
hh) Stamens free or united only at the base:
i) Leaves stipulate:
j) Herbaceous or slightly woody; leaves digitately or
pinnately compound.
=Oxalidaceæ=
jj) Trees, shrubs or often climbers; leaves compound; stipules
lateral; seeds without endosperm.
=Sapindaceæ=
ii) Leaves exstipulate:
j) Leaves gland-dotted:
=Rutaceæ=
jj) Leaves not gland-dotted:
k) Ovules pendulous:
l) Leaflets 2; shrubs or trees with axillary or supra-
axillary spines.
=Simarubaceæ=
ll) Leaflets more than 2:
m) Ovary of more than 1 carpel, 2 or more celled.
=Burseraceæ=
mm) Ovary usually of 1 carpel.
=Anacardiaceæ=
kk) Ovules ascending or horizontal:
l) Ovules 2 in each cell, collateral; style simple; ovary of
1 carpel.
=Connaraceæ=
ll) Ovules 1 or more in each cell, erect or ascending; style
simple or divided; ovary of more than 1 carpel.
=Sapindaceæ=
gg) Leaves simple:
h) Anthers opening by apical pores; ovary deeply lobed, torus
enlarging in fruit and the carpels often becoming separate;
ovules 1-2 in each cell.
=Ochnaceæ=
hh) Anthers opening by slits lengthwise:
i) Shrubs or trees:
j) Leaves stipulate:
k) Flowers unisexual:
l) Petals entire:
m) Stipules conspicuous, persistent.
=Euphorbiaceæ=
mm) Stipules very inconspicuous, caducous.
=Celastraceæ=
ll) Petals bilobed; stamens 5; disk composed of hypogynous
glands opposite the petals.
=Chailletiaceæ=
kk) Flowers hermaphrodite:
l) Stipules axillary, convolute in bud, often very large;
ovary entire, 2-celled; petals entire; ovule inserted in the
middle of the placenta.
=Simarubaceæ=(Irvingia)
ll) Stipules not axillary:
m) Petals entire or emarginate; ovules erect; disk entire
or lobed.
=Celastraceæ=
mm) Petals often deeply lobed; ovules pendulous; disk of
separate glands opposite the petals.
=Chailletiaceæ=
jj) Leaves exstipulate:
k) Stamens united into a tube; sepals not glandular; ovary 2-
or more-celled.
=Meliaceæ=
kk) Stamens free or connate only at the base:
l) Stamens hypogynous or very slightly perigynous:
m) Ovary 1-celled:
n) Leaves fairly large; flowers in panicles, not supported
on the enlarged torus.
=Anacardiaceæ=
nn) Leaves very small and crowded; flowers in slender
spikes or racemes.
=Tamaricaceæ=
mm) Ovary 2- or more-celled; disk present; petals mostly
valvate; ovary 3-5-celled.
=Olacaceæ=
ll) Stamens distinctly perigynous; calyx tubular and often
petaloid; petals mostly very small and scale-like.
=Thymelæaceæ=
ii) Herbs:
j) Flowers hermaphrodite; disk usually absent:
k) Sepals valvate; bark fibrous; leaves often with thread-
like tails at the base.
=Tiliaceæ=
kk) Sepals imbricate; leaves not tailed at the base; ovary
long-beaked.
=Geraniaceæ=
kkk) Sepals imbricate; leaves not tailed; ovary not beaked.