Habitat in _Austria_, _Hetruria_, _Apenninis_. ♃
[_viridis._]
3. Helleborus caule multifloro folioso, foliis digitatis.
Helleborus caule æquali folioso, foliis radicalibus caulem tandem
superantibus. _Hort. cliff. 227._ _Hort. ups. 158._ _Roy. lugdb. 484._
Helleborus niger hortensis, flore viridi. _Bauh. pin. 185._
Elleborum nigrum alterum. _Cam. epit. 941._
Habitat in montibus _Viennensibus_, _Euganeis_. ♃
[_fœtidus._]
4. Helleborus caule multifloro folioso, foliis pedatis.
Helleborus caule inferne angustato multifolio multifloro, foliis caule
brevioribus. _Hort. cliff. 227._ _Roy. lugdb. 484._ _Dalib. paris.
169._ _Sauv. monsp. 180._
Helleborus niger fœtidus. _Bauh. pin. 185._
Helleboraster maximus. _Lob. ic. 679._
Helleborus femina. _Sterb. fung. 372. t. 36. f. C._
β. Helleborus niger trifoliatus. _Moris. hist. 3. p. 460. s. 12. t. 4.
f. 7._
Habitat in _Germania_, _Helvetia_, _Gallia_.
[_trifolius._]
5. Helleborus foliis ternatis, scapo unifloro. _Amœn. acad. 2. p. 356.
t. 4. f. 18._
Habitat in _Canada_, _Sibiria_. ♃
CALTHA.
[_palustris._]
1. Caltha. _Fl. lapp. 227._ _Fl. suec. 473._ _Hort. cliff. 228._ _Roy.
lugdb. 484._ _Gron. virg. 166._ _Dalib. paris. 169._
Caltha palustris, flore simplici. _Bauh. pin. 276._
Populago major. _Tabern. ic. 750._
β. Populago minor. _Tabern. ic. 750._
γ. Caltha palustris, flore pleno. _Bauh. pin. 276._
Habitat in humidiusculis _Europæ_. ♃
[Decoration]
* * * * *
* * * *
* * * * *
LINNÆUS’S SOURCES
[This section will be repeated in each installment of the text, with
additions and corrections as they become available.]
_All sources that could be identified are listed here in alphabetical
order._
An increasing number of these sources are available online. To fill in
gaps in this segment, some citations from Reede (“Rheed. mal.”) were
individually checked.
Texts by Linnæus himself (“Propria”) are not listed. Four sources--
Hasselquist, Kalm, Loefling, Osbeck-- appear to have been students.
Most of their citations would today be called “personal communication”.
Note that the title pages of published books will often have different
inflectional endings than those shown: for example, a title given as
“Plantæ Rariores” might appear in print as “Libri Decem Plantarum
Rariorum”. The words “Listed as” refer to the “Auctores” pages at the
beginning of the volume.
AUTHORS AND TEXTS
Alpini, Prospero. _De Plantis Exoticis_
_Listed as_ Alpinus / exotica.
Amman, Johann. _Stirpes rariores in Imperio rutheno_ (_“Herbarium”
may refer to the actual herbarium, given to Linnæus at or before
Amman’s death in 1743_)
_Listed as_ Amanni / Ruthenica, Herbarium.
Barrelier, Jacques. _Icones Plantarum per Galliam, Hispaniam et
Italiam observatæ_
_Listed as_ Barrelieri / Icones.
Bauhin, Gaspard. _Pinax theatri botanici_
_Listed as_ Bauhini / pinax.
Bauhin, Jean (brother of Gaspard). _Historia plantarum nova et
absolutissima_
_Listed as_ Bauhini / Historia pl.
Boccone, Paolo. _Museo di piante rare della Sicilia, Malta, Corsica,
Italia, Piemonte, e Germania_, _Icones et descriptiones rariorum
plantarum Siciliae, Melitae, Galliae et Italiae_
_Listed as_ Bocconis / Museum, Siculæ plantæ.
Boerhaave, Herman. _Index plantarum quae in horto academico Lugduno
Batavo reperiuntur _
_Listed as_ Boerhavii / Hortus lugd-batavus.
Braunfels (Brunfels, Brunsfels), Otto. _In Dioscoridis historiam
plantarum certissima adaptatio_, _Herbarum vivae eicones_
_Listed as_ Brunsfelsii / Historia.
Breyne, Jakob. _Exoticarum plantarum centuria prima_
Breyne, Johann Philipp. _Prodromus rariorum plantarum_
_Listed as_ Breynii / Centuria; Prodromus a filio.
Burmann, Johannes. _Thesaurus zeylanicus_, _Rariorum Africanarum
plantarum_
_Listed as_ Burmanni / Zeylanica, africanarum decades.
Büttner, David Sigismund. (_source uncertain; title may involve
misreading of publisher’s name Cunonis_)
_Listed as_ Büttner D. G. / Plantæ cunonis. Amstel. 1750. oct.
Buxbaum, Johann Christian. _Plantarum minus cognitarum centuria I.-V._
_Listed as_ Buxbaum / Centuriæ.
Camerer, Joachim (the younger). _Editor of_ Pietro Andrea Mattioli,
_De Plantis Epitome Utilissima_
_Listed as_ Camerarii / epitome.
Catesby, Mark. _Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama
Islands_
_Listed as_ Catesby / Carolina 1. 2. 3.
Clusius. _see l’Ecluse_
Colden, Cadwallader. _de Plantis Coldinghamensibus in Provincia
Noveboracensi Americes_
_Listed as_ Colden Conr. / Plantæ coldinghamiæ. act. ups. 1743.
quart.
Colonna, Fabio. _Ecphrasis_
_Listed as_ Columnæ / ecphrasis.
Commelin, Jan (Johannes). _Hortus medicus Amstelodamensis_
Commelin, Caspar (nephew of Jan). _Praeludia botanica ad publicas
plantarum exoticarum_
_Listed as_ Commelini / Hort. amstel. 1. 2. Præludia.
Cornut, Jacques Philippe. _Canadensium Plantarum Historia_
_Listed as_ Cornuti / Canadenses,
Dalechamp, Jacques. _(H)istoria generalis plantarum_
_Listed as_ Dalechampii / historia.
Dalibard, Thomas-François. _Florae parisiensis prodromus_
_Listed as_ Dalibard M. / Flora parisiensis. Paris. 1749. duod.
Danty d’Isnard, Antoine-Tristan. (_text unidentified: journal
article?_)
_Listed as_ Isnard / acta parisina.
Dillen, Johann Jakob. _Hortus Elthamensis_, _Historia Muscorum_
_Listed as_ Dillenii / Elthamenses, Musci.
Dodart, Denis. _Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire des plantes_
_Listed as_ Dodarti / memoires.
Dodoens, Rembert. _Stirpium historiae pemptades sex_
_Listed as_ Dodonæi / pemptades.
Feuillée or Feuillet, Louis. _Histoire des Plantes Medicinales [du]
perou et du chily_
_Listed as_ Fewillæi / peruviana.
Fuchs, Leonhart. _De historia stirpium commentarii insignes_
_Listed as_ Fuchsii / historia.
Gmelin, Johan Georg. _Flora Sibirica_ (_complete text has 4 volumes_)
_Listed as_ Gmelin J. G. / Flora Sibirica 1. 2. Petrop. 1750. &c.
quart.
Gorter, David de. _Flora Gelro-Zutphanica_ (Flora Gelro-Zutphanica
exhibens plantas per ducatum Gelriae et comitatum Zutphaniae
crescentes: Harderwijk) (_Place names in modern form: Gelderland,
Zutphen._)
_Listed as_ Gorter Dav. / Floræ gelro-zulphan. Harderv. 1745. oct.
Gronov(ius), Jan Frederik (or Johann Friedrich). _Flora Virginica._
_Listed as_ Gronovius J. F. / Flora virginica 1. 2. Leidæ 1739.
oct.
Guettard, Jean-Étienne. _Observations sur les plantes_
_Listed as_ Guettard M. / Observations sur les plantes. Paris.
1747. oct.
Haller, Albrecht von. _Enumeratio methodica stirpium Helveticae
indigenarum_
_Listed as_ Haller Alb. / Stirpes helveticæ. Götting. 1742. Fol.
Hasselquist, Fred(e)rik. ? Article and personal communication.
_Listed as_ Hasselquist Fr. / Pl. ægypti in act. ups. & epistolis.
Hermann, Paul. _Hortus Academi Lugduno-Batavi Catalogus_. _Paradisus
batavus_
_Listed as_ Hermanni / Hort. lugdbat. Paradisus.
Hill, (Sir) John. _A History of Plants_ (also spelled Historie)
_Listed as_ Hill Joh. / Historis of plants. Lond. 1751. fol.
Isnard. _see Danty d’Isnard_
Jussieu, Bernard de. _several works with “Plantae rariores” in title_
_Listed as_ Jussieu B. / Pl. rariores variæ in lit. & act. paris.
Kaempfer, Engelbert. _Amoenitates Exoticae_
_Listed as_ Kæmpferi / Amœnitates exoticæ.
Kalm, Pehr or Petter. Unpublished work.
_Listed as_ Kalm Petr. / Plantæ canadenses propediem edendæ.
l’Ecluse, Charles de. _Rariorum Plantarum Historia_
_Listed as_ Clusii / historia.
Lemonnier. _see Monnier_
l’Obel, Mathias de. _Plantarum seu stirpium icones_
_Listed as_ Lobelii / Icones.
l’Obel, Mathias de. _Stirpium historia_
_Listed as_ Lobelii / historia.
Loefling, Pehr. Personal communication and unpublished work.
_Listed as_ Loefling Petr. / Pl. hispanicæ in epistolis, Msc.
Loesel, Johannes. _Flora prussica_
_Listed as_ Lœselii / prussica.
Ludwig, Christian Gottlieb. _Aphorismi botanici (1738)_
_Listed as_ Ludvig C. G. / Genera Aphorismi. Lips. 173? oct.
Markgraf, Georg. _Historia rerum naturalium Brasiliae_
_Listed as_ Marcgravii / brasilia.
Martyn, John. _Historia plantarum rariorum_
_Listed as_ Martyni / Centuria.
Mattioli. _see Camerer_
Mitchel(l), John. _Genera plantarum_ (_full title uncertain:
Virginiae or Virginiacarum_)
_Listed as_ Mitchel Joh. / Genera pl. virginic. _or_ Michelii /
Genera nova.
Monnier = Louis Guillaume le Monnier (sometimes shown as Lemonnier).
(_text unidentified_)
_Listed as_ Monier Lud. Guil. / cat. des pl. en Auvergne &c. Par.
1745. q.
Monti, Gaetano Lorenzo. (_text unidentified; see below_)
_Listed as_ Monti Cajet / Genus Aldrovandæ &c. Inst. Bonon.
Vol. 2.
Morison, Robert. _Plantarum historia universalis_
_Listed as_ Morisoni / historia. 2. 3.
Obel. _see l’Obel_
Osbeck, Pehr. Personal communication and unpublished work.
_Listed as_ Osbeck Petr. / Pl. chinenses in literis, Msc.
Petiver, James. _Gazophylacium Naturæ et Artis_
_Listed as_ Petiveri / gazaphylacium.
Plukenet, Leonard _Almagestum Botanicum_, _Phytographia_
_Listed as_ Plukenetii / Almagestum, Phytographia.
Plumier, Charles _Nova plantarum americanarum genera_. _Description
des plantes de l’Amérique_ (_sources uncertain_)
_Listed as_ Plumierii / Genera, Species, Americana, Filices.
Ray, John. _Historia Plantarum_
_Listed as_ Raji / historia. 1. 2. Supplementum 3. Synopsis 3:tia
Reneaulme, Paul de. _Specimen Historiae Plantarum_
_Listed as_ Renealmi / Specimen.
R(h)eede, Hendrik Adrian van. _Hortus Malabaricus_
_Listed as_ Rheede / Hort. malab.
Rivin, Auguste. _Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales_
_Listed as_ Rivini / Ordines.
Royen, Adriann van. _Florae Leydensis Prodromus, exhibens plantas
quae in horto academico Lugduno-Batavo aluntur_
_Listed as_ Royen Adr. / Flora leidensis. Leidæ 1740. oct.
Sauvages = François Boissier de Sauvages de la Croix (sometimes shown
as de la Croix de Sauvages) _Methodus foliorum, seu plantae florae
monspeliensis (La Haye)_
_Listed as_ Sauvages Fr. / Flora monspeliensis. Hagæ 1751. oct.
Scheuchzer, Johann Jakob. _Agrostographia sive Historia graminum_,
_Itinera alpina tria_
_Listed as_ Scheuchzeri / Gramina, Itinera alpina.
Séguier, Jean-François. _Plantæ Veronenses_
_Listed as_ Seguieri / Verona.
Sesler, Leonhard. (_text unidentified_)
_Listed as_ Seslerus Leonh. / Epistola de vitaliana. Venet. 1750.
fol.
Sloane, (Sir) Hans. _A Voyage to the Islands Madera, Barbados, Nieves,
S. Christophers and Jamaica ..._
_Listed as_ Sloani / Jamaica.
Tabernæmontani. _see Theodor_
Theodor, Jacob (from Bergzabern = Tabernaemontanus). _Neuw
Kreuterbuch_ (_possible confusion with Fuchs Historia, which
appears to have used the same illustrations_)
_Listed as_ Tabernæmontani / Historia.
Tilli, Michelangelo. _Catalogus Plantarum Horti Pisani_
_Listed as_ Tilli / Hortus pisanus.
Tournefort, Joseph Pitton de. _Institutiones Rei Herbariae_
_Listed as_ Tournefortii / institutiones.
Vaillant, Sébastien. _Botanicon Parisiense_?
_Listed as_ Vaillantii / Acta parisina. Flora parisina.
Wachendorff, Evert Jacob van. (Utrecht) _Horti Ultrajectini Index_
_Listed as_ Wachendorff E. J. / Hortus Ultrajectinus. Traject.
1747. oct.
UNIDENTIFIED AUTHORS
Monti / Gramina. (_text unidentified; author may be the same Gaetano
Monti listed above_)
* * * * *
* * * *
* * * * *
ADDENDA and CORRIGENDA
Author’s Addenda
_Longer items were listed at the end of the first volume. Brief
additions were listed twice, 30 pages apart, at the end of the second
volume. Additions to the present selection, Dodecandria through
Icosandria, are:_
_correction (“rectius”) to Pyrus communis (page 479):_
Pyrus foliis serratis, floribus corymbosis.
_See Author’s Errata, below, for additional changes to this entry._
_correction (“rectius”) to Pyrus Malus (page 479):_
Pyrus foliis serratis, umbellis sessilibus.
_It is not clear whether the author intended to delete the last
phrase in this entry, so it has been retained._
_paragraph added to Rubus Chamæmorus (page 494):_
_Hæc species omnino _Dioica_ est._
Author’s Errata
_The Errata list appears at the end of the second volume. All changes
have been made. The items that apply to the present section are:_
page 447 no. 6 _for_ thylimifolia _read_ thymifolia
_printed text appears to read “hyhmifolia”_
page 479 Pyrus 1 _for_ foliis basi _read_ pomis basi
_See Author’s Addenda, above, for additional changes to this entry._
page 514 no. 1 _for_ aniculata _read_ paniculata
„ „ no. 2 _for_ ateriflora _read_ lateriflora
_both under Microcos_
page 524 Cistus 5 _for_ trinervius _read_ trinerviis
page 527 Cistus 19
_for_ solitariis subsessilibus bractea triplici
_read_ erectis, pedicellis horizontalibus
page 538 no. 1 _add_ Hepatica
_May be holdover erratum from first edition: text already has
“Hepatica”_
page 540 no. * _for_ Anemonoide _read_ Anemonoides
page 557 no. 1 _for_ umaroides _read_ Fumaroides
_printed text reads “umarioides”_
Species Names
A few species names were later modified, sometimes by Linnaeus
himself. Most two-word names are now joined with a hyphen, as “Arbutus
uva-ursi” and similar; a few are written without the hyphen. Mid-word
capitals such as “ChamæCistus” have generally been eliminated.
Mimosa cinerea
_This name is used twice, for nos. 10 and 25. One of the two may
be an error for Mimosa cineraria._
Cratægus Crus galli
C. crus-galli
Mespilus Chamæ Mespilus
M. chamaemespilus
Typographical Errors and Misspellings Noted by Transcriber
_Orthographic variation between u and v was left unchanged, as was
capitalization of species names, including mid-word capitals. Forms in
“ae” or “oe” where “æ” or “œ” was expected were silently changed. See
below for errors in punctuation and typography._
[Peganum daurica]
_species name misplaced next to second paragraph_
[Lythrum petiolatum]
floribus dodecandris [floridus]
[Lythrum virgatum]
longissimis & angustissimis foliis [augustissimis]
pedicellati ex singula ala [ex, singula]
[Heliocarpus americana]
_Hort. cliff. 211. * t. 16._ [_printed as shown_]
[Euphorbia mammillaris]
4. Euphorbia aculeata nuda [_4 invisible_]
[Euphorbia Tirucalli]
Rheed. mal. 2. p. 85. t. 44. [Rheed. mal. 8. p. - - - t. 44.]
[Euphorbia pilulifera]
longiori pediculo insidentibus [insidentibns]
[Euphorbia Lathyrus]
Dalib. paris. 155. [Dalih.]
[Euphorbia Apios]
Euphorbia umbella quinquefida [quinquesida]
Habitat in _Creta_. [Crera]
[Euphorbia segetalis]
39. Euphorbia umbella quinquefida [Eufhorbia]
Bauh. pin. 291? [_question mark in original: citation correct_]
[Euphorbia Helioscopia]
propriis triphyllis [ttiphyllis]
[Euphorbia serrata]
Roy. lugdb. 197. [lugbd.]
[Euphorbia verrucosa]
Hall. helv. 191. [belv.]
[Euphorbia pilosa]
Barr. rar. 41. t. 885.
[_citation checked: Barrelieri has 334 plates with 1327 numbered
illustrations_]
[Sempervivum globiferum]
Sedum vulgari magno simile. [Scdum]
[Cactus Melocactus]
Roy. lugdb. 279. [_printed text has 297, with hand-written
correction in margin: citation verified_]
[Cactus peruvianus]
Cereus peruvianus spinosus [pervianus]
[Cactus Opuntia]
Habitat in _America_ [Amerlca]
[Cactus Phyllanthus]
Habitat in ... _Americe_ meridionali. [Americe]
[Cactus Pereskia]
Pereskia [Perescia]
[Prunus Virginiana]
Gron. virg. 54. [_handwritten notation reads “45, 76”:
citation could not be checked_]
[Prunus cerasus: avium]
ι. Cerasus racemosa hortensis. [ι missing]
[Prunus domestica: augustana]
ι. Pruna Augusto maturescentia [angusto]
[Sorbus ancuparia]
Sorbus sylvestris [sylvesttis]
[Mesembryanthemum noctiflorum]
floribus quadrifidis [quadifidis]
[Mesembryanthemum micans]
Ficoides capensis [Flcoides]
[Mesembryanthemum linguiforme]
β. Mesembr. folio linguiformi latiore. [Masembr.]
[Aizoon hispanicum]
Ficoidea hispanica annua [Ficodea]
[Spiræa salicifolia]
Hort. cliff. 191. [cliss.]
[Rosa cinnamomea]
Hall. helv. 348. [belv.]
[Rosa eglanteria]
Habitat in _Helvetia_, _Anglia_. [anglia]
[Rosa alba β]
Habitat in _Europa_. [Habitas]
[Fragaria vesca]
1. Fragaria flagellis reptans. [_1. invisible_]
[Potentilla fragarioides]
Habitat in _Sibiria_. [Habitat iu]
[Potentilla monspeliensis]
Moris. hist. 2. p. 193. s. t. 20. f. 2.
[_printed as shown: citation could not be checked_]
[Clusia minor]
Clusia, flore roseo [Clussa]
[Sarracenia flava]
Catesb. car. 2. p. 69. t. 69. [Catetb]
[Bixa Orellana.]
Arbor mexiocana [_printed as shown_]
[Calophyllum Inophyllum]
Rheed. mal. 4. p. 79. t. 38._ [Rhedd.]
[Tilia americana]
Habitat in _Virginia_, _Canada_. [Haditat]
[Elæocarpus serrata]
1. Elæocarpus. [_1. invisible_]
[Mesua ferrea]
foliis lanceolatis [soliis]
[Mimosa Lebbeck]
Habitat in _Ægypto_ superiore. [Haditat]
[Mimosa nodosa]
[_species name in sidenote “uodosa”_]
[Mimosa bigemina]
Rheed. mal. 6. p. 21. t. 12. [_12. missing_]
[Mimosa latisiliqua]
_Bracteæ_ dimidiato-cordatæ. [coraatæ]
[Mimosa Intsia]
Intsia. _Rheed. mal. 4. p. - - - t. 122. f._
[_printed as shown:_
“Intsia” is vol. 6. p. 7. t. 4.
“Inschi” is 11. 12. 21.]
[Cistus monspeliensis]
utrinque villosis trinerviis [utrinqne]
[Cistus Salvifolia]
Habitat in ... [Habitas]
[Cistus salicifolius]
Bauh. pin. 465. [Baub.]
[Cistus nummularius]
22. Cistus suffruticosus stipulatus [28.]
[Corchorus siliquosus]
[_illegible: best guess at species name_]
[Calligonum Polygonoides]
1. Calligonum. [Calligonun.]
[Delphinium peregrinum]
3. Delphinium nectariis diphyllis [Dilphinium]
[Aconitum variegatum]
foliis multifidis [mutifidis]
[Aquilegia vulgaris]
δ. Aquilegia hortensis multiplex [_δ. invisible_]
[Magnolia virginia: acuminata]
folio majore acuminato [acumniato]
[Anemone Fasciculata]
[_illegible: best guess at species name_]
[Clematis recta]
foliolis ovato-lanceolatis integerrimis [intererrimis]
[Thalictrum purpurascens]
floribus cernuis [floribns]
Habitat in _Canada_.? [_punctuation unchanged_]
[Ranunculus gramineus]
Dalech. hist. 1038. [Daelch.]
[Ranunculus asiaticus]
Ranunculus grumosa radice [Ranunculus, grumosa radice]
ι. Ranunculus asphodeli radice [Ranunculus, asphodeli radice]
[Ranunculus arvensis]
_It. œl. 104._ *. _Roy. lugdb. 491._
[_punctuation *. unchanged_]
[Ranunculus orientalis]
foliis multifidis [multidis]
[Ranunculus falcatus]
foliis filiformi-ramosis [soliis]
[Ranunculus aquatilis: β]
Pluk. alm. 311. t. 52. f. 2. [Pulk.]
[Isopyrum thalictroides]
Habitat in Alpibus _Italicis_ [Jtalicis]
Punctuation and Typography
_Many periods (full stops) at the end of abbreviations were missing
or invisible. These have been silently supplied. Commas printed in
place of periods, and similar errors, were silently corrected. A few
clearly incorrect periods were deleted._
_Some words and letters used italic type where roman would be expected,
or the reverse. In particular, the form “Habitat _in Nnn_” was common.
These irregularities have been silently adjusted._
_The html version of this text includes notations of all irregularities
in punctuation and typography. The complete (two volumes, 1200 octavo
pages) version of the text will also include a fuller listing._