61. [In part the same as old ordinance 26 (q.v., ante, pp. 207,
208). This ordinance provides in addition as follows. Alcaldes-mayor,
in whose charge, according to the new rules, the distribution of the
bulls of the Crusade have been placed, are to appoint as collectors and
treasurers (prescribed by ordinance 11 of the Crusade instructions)
either the gobernadorcillo or one of the cabezas de barangay of
the respective villages, and not any Indian who pays tribute;
for since the former are the most prominent men in the village and
the responsibility of the tributes, as collectors and treasurers,
devolves on them, this will result in greater profit to the royal
treasury. Each appointment made by the alcaldes in violation of this
order shall incur a penalty of 100 pesos.]
62. [Similar to old ordinance 7 (q.v., ante, p. 196). This ordinance
adds: "And if the alcaldes do not comply with all the contents of this
section, and of laws xi, xiii, xv-xvii, xix, xxii-xxiv, xxvi, xxviii,
xxix, and xlii, título ii, book v, of the Recopilación de Indias,
a charge as infractors of this section will be made against them in
their residencia."]
63. [This ordinance contains the prescriptions of old ordinances 53-60
(q.v., ante, pp. 224-226).]
64. [Alcaldes-mayor, within three months after having suffered their
residencia, shall go to Manila, and their successors shall compel
them to this step, in order that they may present their accounts of
the royal revenues. If they stay in the provinces thirty days after
the conclusion of their residencia, they and their successors shall
be fined 1,000 pesos.]
65. [This ordinance cites old ordinance 36 in full (q.v., ante,
p. 213), and prescribes its observance.]
66. [Since but little profit has been obtained from the raids allowed
to be made according to old ordinance 35 (q.v., ante, pp. 212, 213),
as they are made with Indians who have friendship and trade with those
of the mountains, and who, consequently, always give warning of such
raids to the latter, while expenses roll up rapidly to no advantage,
it is ordered that no raids be made in the future unless by order
of the superior government. In case of necessity, the alcalde-mayor
shall report to the superior government the necessity for the raid,
the number of men necessary, the time it will take, and the expense,
his report to be accompanied by a certified statement of the cura or
missionary. In case time will not permit the awaiting of special orders
from the superior government, the alcalde-mayor may, with the consent
of the cura or missionary, make the raid; after which he shall send
full reports of the same to Manila, with certifications of the father
minister, in order that the expenses may be allowed. Alcaldes-mayor
shall mutually aid one another on all raids.]
67. [Alcaldes-mayor or their agents shall not buy houses, lands,
or ranches in the territory of their jurisdictions during the time
of their office, nor allow their notaries or alguacils to do so,
under penalty of 500 pesos' fine. They shall not build nor allow to
be built any boat for transportation without the express permission
of the superior government; and the work of Indians thereon shall be
paid at the rate of the tariff. Such construction shall be made in
places having the spiritual and temporal administration, under the
above penalty. The alcalde-mayor obtaining government permission,
shall inform the gobernadorcillos of the villages of his province
of all the conditions, so that the Indians may lodge complaint
of all injuries offered them during the construction, and obtain
justice therefor. The same rule holds good for all work done for
the alcalde-mayor, and payment shall be with the intervention of the
father minister. Likewise work done for the latter shall be paid by
him in the same manner with the intervention of the alcalde-mayor,
and in absence of the latter, with that of the gobernadorcillo of
the village, who shall report fully to the alcalde-mayor, so that he
may remedy all abuses. This is in accord with law xi, título xiii,
book i, of the Recopilación.]
68. [Alcaldes-mayor, corregidors, and other officials are allowed
(by a royal decree of July 17, 1751) to trade in their provinces by
reason of a payment made to the government, and mistakenly called an
excise tax. They shall not, on account of that privilege, injure the
trade of the Spaniards and Indians of their jurisdiction, but shall
allow them to trade freely, without exacting from them any payment
under pretense that it is an excise tax. Nor shall they be allowed
to buy at rates lower than the others. Violation of this ordinance,
which is to be proclaimed annually in the villages, and to be a charge
in the residencia, incurs the penalties of deprivation of office,
a fine of 500 pesos, and other penalties that may be imposed.]
69. [Similar to old ordinance 18 (q.v., ante, p. 203). The penalties
assigned are restoration of what has been weighed or measured by unjust
weights and measures, and a fine of 500 pesos to the alcalde-mayor
allowing the use of such weights and measures, and the payment of
the amount lost, with four times as much to the treasury.]
70. [Interprovincial trade of the various products shall not be
prohibited, as such prohibition is in violation of law viii, título
xviii, book iv and law xxv, título i, book vi, in accordance with
which laws trade is to be encouraged. The Indians may cut timber in
accordance with law xiv, título xvii, book iv. The desire for gain,
however, shall not be allowed to cause the Indians to send out of
any province the products necessary for its conservation. This may
be prohibited with the consent of the father minister, from whom the
alcalde-mayor shall ask a certification for his own protection. Without
that certification, he shall not make such prohibition, under penalty
of the penalties of the preceding ordinance. The natives shall pay
no fees for the privilege of interprovincial trade; and, if any
alcalde-mayor violates this, he shall incur a fine of 100 pesos,
besides the responsibility of making good all the loss occasioned by
his action. This shall also be a charge in the residencia.]
71. [This ordinance relates to the encouragement of the increase
of the produce of each province, for which all alcaldes-mayor and
other officials must work, under penalty of punishment for neglect
and disobedience. The products best suited for each province are to
be especially encouraged, whether of useful trees, wheat, and other
grains, vegetables, cotton, pepper, etc., or domestic cattle. Each
Indian shall have at least twelve hens and one cock, and one sow for
breeding purposes. Factories for the making of textiles and rigging
shall be encouraged and increased. Alcaldes-mayor shall strive
especially to wipe out the vice of laziness--which is the chief vice
among the Indians, and the origin of all their other vices--by mild
means, but if necessary by harsh ones, as this is so important for the
general good, in accordance with law xxi, título i, book vi. Those
who do not, within two years, work in their fields and gardens and
cultivate their lands shall lose them. Especial care shall be taken
of this during the visit, and annual reports shall be made by the
alcaldes-mayor, who shall be careful to state increase.]