The Romans gave the titles of Africanus, Asiaticus, Macedonicus,
Numidicus, Parthicus, &c., in memory of the victories obtained over
the people of those countries. The Emperor of China, among his titles,
takes that of _Tiensu_, son of Heaven. The Orientals are extremely
fond of titles: the simple Governor of Schiraz, for instance, after a
pompous enumeration of qualities, lordships, &c., adds the titles of
_Flower of Courtesy_, _Nutmeg of Consolation_, and _Rose of Delight_.
The King of Spain, after the old Roman manner, has a whole page of
titles, to express the several kingdoms and signories of which he is
master. Henry IV. of England had the title of "Grace" conferred on
him; Henry VI. that of "Excellent Grace;" Edward IV. that of "High and
Mighty Prince;" Henry VII. "Highness;" Henry VIII. "Majesty," (and was
the first and last that was styled, "Dread Sovereign;") and James I.
that of "Sacred," or, "Most Excellent Majesty."
That of "Majesty" was first given to Louis XI. of France; before, it
was the title only of emperors. The Kings of Arragon, Castile, and
Portugal, had the title only of "Highness;" those of England, "Your
Grace;" those of France, "Your _Despotism_."