spruce épinette
balsam sapin
to chop boucher, Figs. 113 and 122
to cut couper
logs les bois or les billots, _A_, _A_, _A_,
Figs. 242, 245, also 119, 126, etc.
square carré
door porte, Figs. 242, 243
window châssis, Fig. 243
window-glass les vitres, 242
the joist on which the floor is
laid les traverses, Fig. 49, _B_, _B_, _B_,
_B_, Fig. 244
the floor itself plancher
the purlins, that is, the two big
logs used to support the roof les poudres, _C_, _C_, Fig. 244
the roof couverture, Fig. 242
bark écorce
birch bark bouleau
the poles put on a birch-bark
roof to keep the bark flat les péches, Figs. 41, 234, 242
the hollow half-logs sometimes
used like tiling on a roof les auges, Fig. 246
piazza, porch, front stoop,
veranda galerie, Figs. 236, 237, and 241
The only thing that needs explanation is the squaring of the round logs of
the cabin. For instance, instead of leaving the logs absolutely round and
untouched inside the camp, after the logs are placed, they are squared off
so as to leave a flat surface (Fig. 125). They call this the _carréage_. I
do not know whether this is a local name or whether it is an expression
peculiar to that Quebec section of Canada or whether it is simply a
corruption of better French. It is derived from the word _carrer_, to
square.
Fig. 242. Fig. 243. Fig. 244. Fig. 245. Fig. 246. Fig. 247.
Fig. 248. Fig. 249.
[Illustration: Showing construction of the common Canadian log house.]
The perspective drawings (Figs. 242 and 243) show views of the cabin we
call the Kanuck. The pen is built exactly as it is built in the houses
already described. The windows are placed where the builder desires, as is
also the doorway, but when the side-plate logs, that is