that no Haberdasher of Small-wares, Iron-monger, Chandler,
Shop-keeper, or other person or persons, whatsoever, not being
Licensed in that behalf by the Lord Bishop of the Diocese
wherein such Book or Books shall be, nor having been Seven years
Apprentice to the Trade of Book-seller, Printer or Book-binder,
nor being a Freeman of the City of _London_ by Patrimonial Right,
as Son of a Book-seller, Printer, or Book-binder, nor being a
Member of the said Company of Stationers, shall within the City
or Suburbs of _London_, or any other Market-Town, or elsewhere,
receive, take or buy, to barter, sell again, change or do away
any Bibles, Testaments, Psalm-books, Common-Prayer-books,
Primers, Abcees, Licensed Almanacks, Grammar, School-books, or
other Book or Books whatsoever, upon pain of forfeiture of the
same.
s. 9. “And for that Printing is, and for many years hath
been an Art and Manufacture of this Kingdom, Therefore for
the better encouraging thereof, and the prevention of divers
Libels, Pamphlets, and Seditious Books Printed beyond the Seas
in _English_, and thence Transported into this Realm, Be it
further enacted and ordained by the authority aforesaid, That no
Merchant, Book-seller, or other person or persons whatsoever,
shall Imprint, or cause to be Imprinted beyond the Seas, nor
shall Import or bring, nor knowingly assist, or consent to the
Importation or bringing from beyond the Seas into this Realm, any
_English_ Book or Books, or part of any Book which is or shall
be, or the greater part thereof is or shall be _English_, or of
the _English_ Tongue, whether the same Book, Books, or part of
such Book have been here formerly Printed or not, upon pain of
forfeiture of all such _English_ Books so Imprinted or Imported
contrary to the tenor hereof: And that no Alien or Foreigner
whatsoever shall hereafter bring in, or be suffered to vend here
within this Realm, any Book or Books printed beyond the Seas in
any Language whatsoever, either by himself, or his Factor or
Factors, except such only as be Free-printers or Stationers, of
_London_, or such as have been brought up in that profession,
without the special Licence, of the Archbishop of _Canterbury_,
and Bishop of _London_ for the time being, or one of them,
who are hereby authorized to grant Licences for that purpose,
upon like pain of forfeiture of all such Books as shall be so
Imprinted or Vended contrary to the purport and true intent
hereof.
s. 10. “And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid,
That no person or persons within the city of _London_, or of
the Liberties thereof, or elsewhere, shall erect or cause to be
erected any Press or Printing-House, nor shall knowingly demise
or let, or willingly suffer to be held or used any House, Vault,
Cellar, or other Room whatsoever, to or by any person or persons
for a Printing-House, or Place to Print in, unless he or they who
erect such Press, or shall so knowingly demise or let such House,
Cellar, Vault, or Room, or willingly suffer the same to be used,
shall first give notice to the Master or Wardens of the said
Company of Stationers for the time being, of the erecting of such
Press, or of such demise or suffering to Work or Print in such
House, Vault, Cellar or Room, And that no Joyner, Carpenter, or
other Person shall make any Printing-Press, no Smith shall forge
any Iron-work for a Printing-Press, no Founder shall cast any
Letters which may be used for Printing for any person or persons
whatsoever; neither shall any person or persons bring or cause
to be brought in from any Parts beyond the Seas, any Letters
Founded or Cast, nor shall buy any such Letters for Printing,
Printing-Presses, or other Materials belonging unto Printing,
unless he or they respectively shall first acquaint the said
Master and Wardens of the said Company of Stationers for the
time being, or some or one of them, for whom the said Presses,
Iron-work or Letters are to be made, forged, cast, brought or
imported, upon pain that every person who shall erect any such
Printing-Press, or shall demise or let any House or Room, or
suffer the same to be held or used, and every person who shall
make any Printing-Press, or any Iron-work for a Printing-Press,
or shall make, import, or buy any Letters for Printing, without
giving notice, as aforesaid, shall forfeit for every such Offence
the sum of Five pounds, the one moiety whereof shall be to the
use of our Sovereign Lord the King, his Heirs and Successors, and
the other moiety to the use of such person or persons as shall
sue for the same.
s. 11. “And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid,
That for the time to come no Man shall be admitted to be a
Master-Printer, until they who are now actually Master-Printers,
shall be by death or otherwise, reduced to the number of
Twenty, and from thenceforth the number of Twenty Master
Printers shall be continued, and no more, besides the King’s
Printers, and the Printers allowed for the Universities, to
have the use and exercise of Printing of Books at one time, and
but Four Master-Founders of Letters for Printing; The which
said Master-Printers, and four Master-Founders of Letters for
Printing, shall be nominated, appointed and allowed by the Lord
Archbishop of _Canterbury_, and the Lord Bishop of _London_ for
the time being; And in case of Death of any one of the said Four
Master-Founders of Letters, or of the said Master-Printers,
or of Forfeiture, or Avoidance of any of their places and
priviledges to Print by virtue of this Act, for any Offence
contrary to the same, or otherwise, That then the Lord Archbishop
of _Canterbury_, and the Lord Bishop of _London_ for the time
being, or one of them, shall nominate and appoint such other
fit person or persons to succeed and supply the place of such
Master-Printer, or Founder of Letters as shall be void by Death,
Forfeiture or otherwise, as aforesaid; And every person and
persons which shall hereafter be allowed or permitted to have the
use of a Printing-Press or Printing-House, upon or before such
his allowance obtained, shall become bound with Sureties to his
Majesty in the Court of King’s-Bench, or before some one or more
of the Justices of Assize or the Justices of the Peace at their
several Quarter-Sessions, in the sum of Three hundred pounds,
not to Print, or suffer to be Printed in his House or Press any
Book or Books whatsoever, but such as shall from time to time be
lawfully Licensed.
s. 12. “And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid,
That none of the said Master-Printers to be allowed from time
to time, as aforesaid, shall keep above Two Printing-Presses
at once, unless he hath been Master or Upper-Warden of the
Company, who are hereby allowed to keep Three Presses and no
more, unless for some great and special occasion for the Publick
he or they have for a time leave of the said Lord Archbishop of
_Canterbury_, or Lord Bishop of _London_ for the time being, to
have or use one or more above the aforesaid Number, as their
Lordships or either of them shall think fit.
s. 13. “And be it also enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That
no Printer or Printers, (except the King’s Printers) nor Founder
or Founders of Letters for Printing, shall take or retain any
more or greater number of Apprentices, than is herein after
limited and appointed, (that is to say) Every Master-Printer,
and Master-Founder of Letters for Printing, that is or hath
been Master or Upper-Warden of his Company, may have Three
Apprentices at one time and no more; And every Master-Printer,
and Master-Founder of Letters for Printing, that is of the Livery
of his Company, may have two Apprentices at one time and no more;
And every Master-Printer, and Master-Founder of Letters for
Printing, of the Yeomanry of his Company, may have one Apprentice
at one time and no more, neither by Co-partnership, binding at
the Scriveners, nor any other way whatsoever; Neither shall it be
lawful for any Master-Printer or Master-Founder of Letters, when
any Apprentice or Apprentices shall run or be put away, to take
another Apprentice or other Apprentices in his or their place or
places, unless the name or names of him or them so gone away, be
rased out of the Hall-Book, and never admitted again.
s. 14. “And because a great part of the secret Printing in
Corners hath been caused for want of Orderly Imployment for
Journeymen-Printers, The said several Master-Printers, and
Master-Founders of Letters for Printing so to be allowed as
aforesaid, are hereby required to take special Care, That all
Journeymen-Printers, and Journeymen Founders of Letters for
Printing, who are lawfully free of the said respective Mysteries,
be set on Work, and Imployed in their respective Trades; And
if any such Journeyman-Printer, and Journeyman-Founder of
Letters, being of honest and good behaviour, and able in his
Trade, do want Imployment, he shall repair to any of the said
Master-Printers, or Master-Founders of Letters respectively
for the time being, who thereupon shall receive him or them
into Work, if such Master-Printer or Master-Founder of Letters
have not a Journeyman already, although such Master-Printer or
Master-Founder of Letters respectively, with his Apprentice or
Apprentices be able without the help of the said Journeyman to
discharge his own Work, upon pain that every Master-Printer, and
Master-Founder of Letters respectively, refusing to receive such
Journeyman repairing to him, as aforesaid, shall forfeit Five
pounds, to be recovered by Bill, Plaint or Information in any
Court of Record, wherein no Essoign, Wager at Law, Priviledge or
Protection shall be admitted; the one moiety of which forfeiture
shall go to the King’s Majesty, his Heirs and Successors, and the
other moiety to the Informer who shall sue for the same within
six months nex after the said Offence committed; And if any
Journeyman, or Journeymen-Printers, or Founders of Letters for
Printing, shall refuse Imployment, being offered to him or them
by any Master-Printer, or Master-Founder of Letters respectively,
or neglect it when he or they have undertaken it, he or they so
refusing or neglecting, shall suffer three months Imprisonment
at the least, without Bail or Mainprize, upon conviction of
such his said refusal or neglect by two Witnesses, before any
one or more Justice or Justices of the Peace, who are hereby
impowered to hear and examine the said Offence, and to commit
the said Offender and Offenders to the Common Gaol of the County
where he or they shall be apprehended: And no Master-Printer, or
Master-Founder of Letters for Printing, shall from henceforth
imploy either to work at the Case or Press, or otherwise about
his Printing, any person or persons than such only as are
_Englishmen_ and Freemen, or the Sons of Freemen, or Apprentices
to the said Trades or Mysteries of Printing, or Founding of
Letters for Printing respectively.
s. 15. “And for the better discovering of Printing in Corners
without Licence, Be it further enacted by the Authority
aforesaid, That one or more of the Messengers of his Majesties
Chamber, by Warrant under his Majesties Sign-Manual, or under
the Hand of one or more of his Majesties Principal Secretaries
of State, or the Master and Wardens of the said Company of
Stationers, or any one of them, shall have power and authority
with a Constable, to take unto them such assistance as they
shall think needful, and at what time they shall think fit, to
search all Houses and Shops where they shall know, or upon some
probable reason suspect any Books or Papers to be printed, bound
or stitched, especially Printing-houses, Book-sellers Shops and
Warehouses, and Book-binders Houses and Shops, and to view there
what is imprinting, binding or stitching, and to examine whether
the same be Licensed, and to demand a sight of the said Licence;
and if the said Book so imprinting, binding or stitching, shall
not be Licensed, then to seize upon so much thereof, as shall
be found imprinted, together with the several Offenders, and
to bring them before one or more Justices of the Peace, who
are hereby authorised and required to commit such Offenders to
Prison, there to remain until they shall be tried and acquitted,
or convicted and punished for the said Offences: And in case the
said Searchers shall upon their said Search, find any Book or
Books, or part of Books unlicensed, which they shall suspect to
contain matters therein contrary to the Doctrine or Discipline
of the Church of _England_, or against the State and Government;
Then upon such Suspicion to seize upon such Book or Books, and to
bring the same unto the said Lord Archbishop of _Canterbury_, and
Lord Bishop of _London_ for the time being, or one of them, or to
the Secretaries of State, or one of them respectively, who shall
take such further course for the suppressing thereof, as to them
or any of them shall seem fit.
s. 16. “And be it Ordained and Enacted by the Authority
aforesaid, That all and every Printer and Printers of Books,
Founder and Founders of Letters for Printing, and all and every
other person and persons working in or for the said Trades, who
from and after the Tenth day of _June_, in the year, One thousand
six hundred sixty and two, shall offend against this present Act,
or any Article, Clause or Thing herein contained, and shall be
thereof convicted by Verdict, Confession, or otherwise, shall for
the first Offence be disenabled from exercising his respective
Trade for the space of three years, And for the second Offence
shall for ever thenceafter be disabled to use or exercise the Art
or Mystery of Printing, or of Founding Letters for Printing, and
shall also have and receive such further punishment by Fine,
Imprisonment or other Corporal Punishment, not extending to
Life or Limb, as by the Justices of the Court of King’s Bench,
or Justices of _Oyer_ and _Terminer_, or Justices of Assize in
their several Circuits, or Justices of the Peace in their several
Quarter-Sessions shall be thought fit to be inflicted; The which
said Justices of the Peace in their several Quarter-Sessions
shall have full power and authority to hear and determine all
and every Offence and Offences that shall be committed against
this Act, or against any branch thereof, upon Indictment or
Information by any person or persons to be taken before them in
their Sessions of Peace respectively, and shall yearly certifie
into the Court of Exchequer, as in other like cases they are
bound to do, the Fines by them imposed for any of the Offences
aforesaid, and shall and may also by virtue hereof award process
and execution for the taking or punishing such Offenders, as in
any other case they lawfully may do by any the Laws and Statutes
of this Realm.
s. 17. “And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid,
That every Printer shall reserve three printed Copies of the best
and largest Paper of every Book new printed, or reprinted by him
with Additions, and shall before any publick Vending of the said
Book bring them to the Master of the Company of Stationers, and
deliver them to him, one whereof shall be delivered to the Keeper
of his Majesties Library, and the other two to be sent to the
Vice-Chancellors of the two Universities respectively, for the
use of the Publick Libraries of the said Universities.
s. 18. “Provided always, That nothing in this Act contained,
shall be construed to extend to the prejudice or infringing
of any the just Rights and Priviledges of either of the two
Universities of this Realm, touching and concerning the Licensing
or Printing of Books in either of the said Universities.
s. 19. “Provided always, That no Search shall at any time be made
in the House or Houses of any of the Peers of this Realm, or of
any other person or persons not being free of, or using any of
the Trades in this Act before mentioned, but by special Warrant
from the King’s Majesty, under his Sign-Manual, or under the hand
of one or both of his Majesties Principal Secretaries of State,
or for any other Books than such as are in printing, or shall be
printed after the Tenth of _June_, 1662; any thing in this Act to
the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding.
s. 20. “Provided also, That neither this Act, nor any thing
therein contained, shall extend to prohibit any Bookseller
who hath served seven years, and is free of the Company of
Stationers, _London_, from Importing or Bringing into this Realm
any Books ready bound not formerly prohibited, which have been
printed ten years before the said Importation; any thing in this
or any other Act to the contrary notwithstanding.
s. 21. “Provided also, and be it further enacted by the
Authority aforesaid, That neither this Act, nor any thing
therein contained, shall be construed to prohibit any person
or persons to sell Books or Papers, who have sold Books and
Papers within _Westminster-Hall_, the Palace of _Westminster_,
or in any Shop or Shops within twenty yards of the great Gate
of _Westminster-Hall_ aforesaid, before the Twentieth day of
_November_, One thousand six hundred sixty and one; but they
and every of them may sell Books and Papers as they have or did
before the said Twentieth day of _November_, One thousand six
hundred sixty one, within the said Hall, Palace, and Twenty
yards aforesaid, but not elsewhere; any thing in this Act to the
contrary in any wise notwithstanding.
s. 22. “Provided also, That neither this Act, nor any thing
therein contained, shall extend to prejudice the just Rights
and Priviledges granted to his Majesty, or any of his Royal
Predecessors, to any person or persons, under his Majesties Great
Seal, or otherwise, but that such person or persons may exercise
and use such Rights and Priviledges, as aforesaid, according to
their respective Grants; any thing in this Act to the contrary
notwithstanding.
s. 23. “Provided also, That neither this Act, nor any thing
therein contained, shall extend to prohibit _John Streater_
Stationer, from Printing Books and Papers, but that he may still
follow the Art and Mystery of Printing, as if this Act had never
been made; any thing therein to the contrary notwithstanding.
s. 24. “Provided also, That neither this Act, nor any thing
therein contained, shall extend to restrain the keeping and using
of a Printing-press in the City of _York_, so as all Books of
Divinity there printed, be first Licensed by the Archbishop of
_York_ for the time being, or such person or persons whom he
shall appoint, and all other Books whatsoever there printed,
be first Licensed by such persons respectively to whom the
Licensing thereof doth or shall appertain by the Rules herein
before-mentioned, and so as no Bibles be there printed, nor any
other Book, whereof the Original Copy is or shall be belonging to
the Company of Stationers in _London_, or any Member thereof; and
so as the Archbishop or Lord Mayor of _York_ for the time being,
do execute within the said City (which they are hereby impowered
to do) all the Powers and Rules in this Act concerning Searches
for unlicensed Books, and impose and levy the said penalties
in the like cases, any thing in this Act to the contrary
notwithstanding.
s. 25. “Provided, That this Act shall continue and be in force
for two years, to commence from the Tenth of _June_, One thousand
six hundred and sixty and two, and no longer.”
PRINTING INK.
By 2 & 3 Will. 4. c. 84. printing ink pays a duty of Ten Shillings a
cwt. on being imported into this country. _See_ ENGRAVINGS ON WOOD.
FINE PRESSWORK. INK.
PROOF.
An impression of a sheet of a work, or of a job, to be examined to
see that it be correct.
Proofs are termed, according to circumstances, FIRST PROOF; CLEAN
PROOF; ITS OWN PAPER; and REVISE; for a description of which see each
article.
PROOF PAPER.
A low-priced paper, of which a stock is kept in printing offices to
pull proofs on, as well as to use for common jobs. A quire or two,
according to the extent of business, is always wetted ready for use
in the press room, where it is generally placed under a paper board
upon a table or bulk, sometimes in the heap that is working, to keep
it in better condition. It ought to be a hard sized, tough paper, and
should bear writing ink on it without allowing it to sink through.
PROOF PRESS.
_See_ EMPTY PRESS.--_M._ A press set apart to pull proofs at. It is
generally an old press, that has become from age and wear unfit for
regular business: the tympans are replaced by a thin iron frame,
pierced with holes, within which is stretched a blanket, drawn
tight by the edges and laced through these holes. This press is
commonly so inefficient, that when a good proof is wanted, it is
necessary to pull it at a press that is in working order. Some large
establishments have good presses to pull proofs at, and, where the
composing rooms are not on the same floor, have one in each room.
PSALM BOOKS.
For the allowance of the duty on paper used in the printing of psalm
books, _see_ PAPER.
PUBLIC MEETINGS ON THE LORD’S DAY.
21 Geo. 3. c. 49. s. 3. “And for the better preventing Persons
assembling on the Lord’s Day for such irreligious Purposes as
aforesaid, be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid,
That any Person advertising, or causing to be advertised, any
public Entertainment or Amusement, or any public Meeting for
debating on any Subject whatsoever, on the Lord’s Day, to which
Persons are to be admitted by the Payment of Money, or by Tickets
sold for Money, and any Person printing or publishing any such
Advertisement, shall respectively forfeit the Sum of Fifty Pounds
for every such Offence, to any Person who will sue for the same.”
PUBLICATIONS, PERIODICAL.
60 Geo. 3. c. 9. “An Act to subject certain Publications to the
Duties of Stamps upon Newspapers, and to make other Regulations
for restraining the Abuses arising from the Publication of
blasphemous and seditious Libels.