GLOSSARY

~Abdomen~ (ab-d[=o]'-men). The lower part of an animal's body. The part

behind the thorax in insects.

~Adult~ ([)a]-dult'). (L. adultus = grown up.) Grown to full size and

strength.

~Anchor~ (ang'-kor). (Gr. = a hook.) Anchors are used to fasten ships by

a line to the bottom of the sea. Applied to anything that holds a

movable body fast in one place.

~Antenna~ pl. ~Antennae~ (an-ten'-nee). The feeler in front of the

insect's head with which it hears and smells as well as feels.

~Aphis~ ([=a]'-fis) pl. ~Aphides~ (af'-i-d[=e]z).

~Aphid~ (af'-id) The plant louse, of which there are a great

many kinds.

~Apparatus~ (ap-a-r[=a]'-tus). Tools or machinery used in working or in

making things.

~Aquarium~ (a-kw[=a]'-ri-um). (L. aquarium = watering-place for cattle.)

A vessel of water for keeping water plants or water animals.

~Attract~ (at-trakt'). (L. attractus = draw to.) To draw toward.

~Audubon~ (aw'-do-bon), John James. A very famous student of birds and

their ways. In his great book, "The Birds of America," which was

published in 1827, there are many large colored drawings made by

himself.

~Beech-nuts~ Small, three-cornered nuts that grow on beech trees, and

that are very sweet and good.

~Breeding-place~ The place where young animals are born.

~Brood~ A family of young animals.

~Caddice~, or ~Caddis fly~ (kad'-is fl[=i]). Sometimes called "case

fly," from the case or shell which the larva makes about itself;

"caddice" is another way of saying "case."

~Camera~ (kam'-e-ra). An instrument for taking photographs.

~Cannibal~ (kan'-[)i]-bal). A human being who eats human flesh. Any

animal that eats others of its own kind.

~Cargo~ (kar'-go). The goods or merchandise or whatever is carried in a

ship.

~Carnivorous~ (kar-niv'-[=o]-rus). (L. carnivorus = flesh-eating.)

Applied to animals that feed on flesh, and plants that feed on insects.

~Cast~ The cast-off skin of an insect that keeps the form of the

insect's body.

~Characteristic~ (kar-ak-te-ris'-tik). Showing the peculiar qualities of

a person or thing.

~Chitinous~(k[=i]'-tin-us). Hard, horny, and shell-like.

~Cicada~ (si-k[=a]'-dä). (L. cicada = tree cricket.) A popular name for

insects, like the grasshopper, locust, and cricket, which make a

creaking or chirping noise.

~Cochineal~ (koch'-i-n[=e]l or koch-i-n[=e]l'). A crimson dyestuff made

of the dried bodies of certain small insects. The insect is also called

cochineal.

~Cocoon~ (ko-koon'). (L. concha = a shell.) The silky envelope which the

larvæ of many insects spin to cover themselves.

~Compact~ (kom-pakt'). (L. compactus = joined together.) Closely and

firmly united.

~Compound~ (kom'-pound). Made up of two or more parts.

~Coxa~ (kok'-sa). (L. coxa = the hip.) The first segment of an insect's

_leg_, sometimes called the hip.

~Crevices~ (krev'-is-es). (L. crepare = to break, burst, crack.) Narrow

openings or cracks.

~Descendant~ (d[=e]-sen'-dant). (L. descendere = to descend.) People or

animals who have come from earlier people or animals.

~Ear drum~ ([=e]r' drum). A membrane stretched across inside the ear.

~Ejected~ ([=e]-jekt'-ed). (L. ejicere = to throw out.) Thrown out,

driven away.

~Emaciated~ ([=e]-m[=a]'-shi-[=a]t-ed). (L. emaciare = to make lean.)

Very thin and wasted.

~Emerge~ (e-merj'). (L. emergere = to rise out.) To appear, to come into

sight.

~Ephemeridæ~ (ef-[=e]-mer'-i-d[=e]). (Gr. word = "lasting but a day.")

The name of the May fly order.

~Facets~ (fas'-ets). Little faces; small surfaces.

~Femur~ (f[=e]'-mer). (L. femur = a thigh.) The long bone of the upper

leg above the knee. The third segment in the insect's leg.

~Formidable~ (for'-mi-da-bl). (L. formidabilis = causing fear.) Hard to

deal with; difficult to overcome.

~Fry~ (fr[=i]). The young of fishes; used for any small animals.

~Funnel~ (fun'-el). The shape of a hollow cone.

~Gauzy~ (gaw'-zi). Very fine, thin, and transparent.

~Ghosts~ (g[=o]sts). The spirits or shadows of the dead.

~Gills~ The breathing organs of any animal that lives in the water.

~Gorge~ (gorj). To feed greedily; to stuff one's self.

~Gossamer~ (gos'-a-mer). A fine filmy substance, like the cobweb of

spiders.

~Grub~ The larva of an insect.

~Hearth~ (h[)a]rth). The part of the floor of a room where the fire is

built.

~Hemiptera~ (h[=e]-mip'-te-ra). (Gr. = half-wing.) The name of an insect

order including many kinds, all known as bugs.

~Incomplete~ (in-kom-pl[=e]t'). Not fully finished or developed.

~Injurious~ (in-jew'-ri-us). (L. injuriasus = acting unjustly or

wrongly.) Something wrong or harmful.

~Inquisitive~ (in-kwiz'-i-tiv). Curious and prying.

~Insatiable~ (in-s[=a]'-shi-a-bl). (L. insatiabilis = that cannot be

satisfied.) Not easily satisfied; very greedy.

~Isinglass~ ([=i]'-zing-glas). Thin, transparent sheets of mica.

~Joint~ The place where two things or parts of one thing are joined or

united.

~Keel~ (k[=e]l). The lowest part of the bottom of a ship.

~Kettle drum~ (ket'-l drum). A musical instrument made of a hollow brass

hemisphere over which is stretched parchment. This is sounded by blows

from a mallet or stick.

~Larva~ (lar'-va); pl. ~Larvæ~ (lar'-v[=e]). The young insect.

~Lock~ To fasten in place.

~Locust~ (l[=o]'-kust). A shorthorned grasshopper.

~Mantis~ (man'-tis); pl. ~Mantes~ (man'-t[=e]z). (Gr. = prophet.) An

orthopterous insect that holds its arms as if in prayer.

~Membrane~ (mem'-br[=a]n). (L. membrana = thin skin.) A thin, soft

tissue that connects two parts, or lines a body.

~Mercaptan~ (mer-kap'-tan). (L. mercaptans = taking mercury.) A

vile-smelling liquid that gets its name because of its strong action on

mercury. It seizes upon mercury, so to speak.

~Metallic~ (me-tal'-ik). Made up of metals, or like metals.

~Metamorphosis~ (met-a-mor'-f[=o]-sis). (L. metamorphosis = change,

transformation.) A change of form; a development, as the change of the

caterpillar into the chrysalis.

~Mica~ (m[=i]'-ka). A transparent mineral that can be separated into

thin sheets or layers.

~Microscope~ (m[=i]'-kr[=o]-sk[=o]p). An instrument that magnifies, or

makes objects look larger when placed beneath it.

~Moult~ (m[=o]lt). (L. mutare = to change.) To shed or cast off the

feathers, hair, or skin.

~Muscle~ (mus'-l). Bundles of fibres that have the power of growing

longer or shorter. The body is moved by means of the muscles.

~Nary~ (ner'-i). "Ne'er a," a contraction of "never a."

~Nerve~ (nerv). (L. nervus = a fibre _or_ tendon.) The nerves are fibres

or threads that carry impressions to the brain. Nerved = having fibres,

as in the wings of insects.

~Neuroptera~ (n[=u]-r[)o]p'-te-ra). (Gr. = nerve-wing.) The name of an

insect order.

~Nymph~ (nimf). (L. nympha = a bride, a young girl.) The young of

insects that undergo an incomplete metamorphosis.

~Ocelli~ (o-sel'-le), pl. of Ocellus. (L. = a little eye.) The tiny,

simple eyes of insects.

~Odonata~ ([=o]-d[=o]-na'-ta). The name of an insect order to which

belong the dragon flies.

~Odors~ Pleasant or unpleasant smells.

~Opera-glass~ (op'-e-ra-glas). Magnifying glasses used at the theatre or

opera to make things seem nearer.

~Organism~ (or'-gan-izm). A member of the animal or vegetable kingdom.

~Orthoptera~ (or-thop'-t[=e]-ra). (Gr. = straight-wing.) An insect order

to which belong the grasshoppers.

~Ovipositor~ ([=o]-v[)i]-poz'-[)i]-tor). (L. ovum = egg, _and_ ponere =

to place.) The end of the abdomen of some insects, with which they are

able to put their eggs in a good place to be hatched.

~Oxygen~ (ok'-si-jen). A part of the air that is necessary to all animal

and vegetable life.

~Parasites~ (par'-a-s[=i]tz). Animals or plants that live on others.

~Phylloxera~ (fil-ok-s[=e]'-ra). (Gr. = leaf _and_ dry.) An insect very

destructive to grape vines.

~Plaited~ (pl[=a]t'-ed). Folded length-wise like the plaits of a closed

fan.

~Plecoptera~ (pl[=e]-k[)o]p'-t[=e]-ra). (Gr. = twist _and_ wing.) An

insect to which belong the stone flies.

~Pollute~(p[=o]-l[=u]t'). (L. polluere = to make unclean, to soil.) To

make foul or unclean.

~Pores~ (porz). (L. porus = a way, a passage.) Small openings in the

skin to help in breathing.

~Prey~ (pr[=a]). (L. præda = property taken in war.) An animal in the

chase; game.

Prolific (pr[=o]-lif'-ik). Fruitful; producing young in abundance.

~Propel~ (pr[=o]-pel'). (L. propellere = to drive, or push forward.) To

urge onward by force.

Prophet (prof'-et). One who tells of the future.

~Pulvillus~ (pul-vil'-us); pl. ~Pulvilli.~ (L. = a little cushion.) A

little pad or cushion on an insect's foot.

~Ravenous~ (rav'-n-us). Greedy, furiously hungry.

~Repel~ (re-pel'). (L. repellere = to drive back.) To drive back, to

check.

~Resinous~ (rez'-i-nus). Like resin, which is made from pine pitch.

~Rudimentary~ (rew-di-men'-ta-ri). (L. rudimentum = a first attempt.)

Imperfectly developed or in an early stage of development.

~Saliva~ (sa-l[=i]'-va). Spittle. The liquid formed in the mouth, which

mixes with food, and helps it to digest.

~Segment~ (seg'-ment). (L. secare = to cut.) A part cut off, a section.

~Seize~ (s[=e]z). To grasp, to clutch.

~Sensitive~ (sen'-si-tiv). Quick to feel. The nerve of the eye is

sensitive to light, quick to feel light.

~Shellac~ (she-lak' or shel-ak'). It is made from a coloring matter in

the bodies of certain insects. A polish which is used with varnish.

~Silk~ (s[=i]lk). A fine, soft, strong thread made by the larvæ of

certain insects.

~Skeleton~ (skel'-e-ton). (Gr. = ~dried~ up.) The dry bones of the body

taken together.

~Socket~ (sok'-et). Any hollow thing or place which receives or holds

something else.

~Soothsayer~ (söth'-s[=a]-er). One who pretends to know what the future

holds for us.

~Source~ (s[=o]rs). The place where anything begins.

~Species~ (sp[=e]'-shez). A group of closely related animals or plants.

~Spine~ (sp[=i]n). (L. spina = a thorn). Anything sharp and slender like

a thorn.

~Spiracle~ (spir'-or sp[=i]r-a-kl). (L. spiraculum = a breathing hole).

An air-hole.

~Survivals~ (ser-v[=i]'-valz). (L. supervivo = to live over.) Those

outliving the larger number.

~Swammerdam, Johannes~. A Dutch entomologist, born in Amsterdam in 1637.

He published several books on the natural history of insects.

~Syringe~ (sir'-inj). (Gr. = a pipe _or_ reed.) A little instrument for

drawing in water, and forcing it out again.

Tarsus (tar'-sus); pl. ~Tarsi.~ (Gr. = the sole of the foot.) The little

segments that make up the insect's foot. Also the little bones of the

instep.

~Telescope~ (tel'-e-sk[=o]p). (Gr. = to view afar off.) An instrument by

which distant objects are made to appear nearer and larger.

~Thorax~ (th[=o]'-rax). (Gr. = armor for the breast.) That part of the

body of animals between the head and the abdomen.

~Thysanura~ (this-a-n[=u]'-ra). (Gr. = tassel and tail.) An insect order

to which belong the scale fishes.

~Tibia~ (tib'-i-a). (L. tibia = a slender pipe, a musical instrument.) A

long, slender bone in the leg, below the knee. The fourth segment in an

insect's leg, generally long and slender.

~Transformation~ (trans-for-ma'-shon). (L. transformare = to change the

shape of.) A change in form or nature.

~Transparent~ (trans-par'-ent). (L. trans-parere = to appear through.)

Easily seen through.

~Transportation~ (trans-por-ta'-shon). (L. trans-portare = to carry

over.) Carrying from one place to another.

~Tremendous~ (tre-men'-dus). (L. tremendus = fearful, _from_ tremere, to

tremble.) Very wonderful, astounding.

~Trichoptera~ (tr[=i]-kop'-te-ra). (Gr. = hairy-wing.) An insect order

to which belong the caddis flies.

~Trochanter~ (tro-kan'-ter). (Gr. = the ball on which the hip bone turns

in its socket.) The second segment of an insect's leg.

~Unlock~ (un-lok'). To unfasten something that has been closed.

~Unsubstantial~ (un-sub-stan'-shal). Not real or solid, without

substance.

~Vacated~ (v[=a]'-kat-ed). (L. vacare = to be empty or vacant.) Emptied;

possession given up.

~Vegetation~ (vej-e-t[=a]'-shon). (L. vegetare = to quicken.) Living

plants.

~Veined~ (v[=a]nd). (L. vena = a vein.) Marked as with veins, streaked.

~Vibrate~(v[=i]'-br[=a]t). (L. vibratus = set in motion.) To swing; move

to and fro.

~Vibration~ (v[=i]-br[=a]'-shon). Motions back and forth. Vibrations may

be too small for us to see.

Victimized (vik'-tim-[=i]zd). Made a victim of, deceived, badly treated.

~Voracious~ (v[=o]-r[=a]'-shus). (L. vorax = devouring greedily.) Eating

food in large quantities.