A FIGHT WITH A RATTLESNAKE, AND A DESCRIPTION OF MY ENEMY--FIND THE CAMP
DESERTED--FEEL VERY HUNGRY--KILL A GOOSE--SEE SOME HORSEMEN IN THE
DISTANCE--FIND A RIVER BETWEEN ME AND THEM--BUILD A RAFT, AND TAKE A
LONGER VOYAGE THAN I INTEND--SHOOT A FALL, AND HAVE THE PLEASANT
PROSPECT OF BEING CARRIED DOWN A CATARACT.
I sprang up as if I had been galvanised, and leaped a dozen feet or more
away from the fangs of the rattlesnake. I had left my pole at the camp,
and I had placed my rifle by my side when I went to sleep. There it lay
close to the rattlesnake. My axe was in my belt, but it is not a good
weapon for the attack of either birds or snakes. My enemy was advancing
towards me, his tail rattling ominously. My foot, as I leaped back,
struck a stone--the only one appearing thereabouts among the grass. I
seized it, and dashed it down on the head of the reptile, who was not
then a yard from me, with such force that it drove its body right down
into the earth, while its tail wriggled and rattled away in a vain
endeavour to extricate itself. I ran and picked up my rifle, and looked
round to see that I had left nothing behind me. I could not help
stopping, before I proceeded on my way, to examine the creature I had
killed.
It was of a yellowish-brown colour, marked all down its back with spots
of a dark-brown, while from the head down the neck ran three
longitudinal lines of the same hue. The head was large and flat, and
covered with small scales. It was about five feet long, and as thick as
my wrist, and altogether a very formidable-looking snake. The
rattlesnake has a small set of teeth, which serve to catch and retain
its prey, and the poisonous fangs with which it kills them. These
latter are placed in the upper jaw, and when not employed remain flat
along it. It is one of the most deadly of poisonous serpents, and would
be very dangerous were it not that it is very sluggish in its movements,
and that it has a rattle at the end of its tail, with which it cannot
avoid giving notice of its approach. The rattle is a collection of
bones, formed something like the backbone of a human being. It looks as
if it were fastened on outside the tail, at its very tip. The broad
part of the rattle is placed perpendicularly to the body, and it is so
contrived that each bone strikes against two others at the same time, so
as to multiply the rattling sound. I have often thought how glad the
rattlesnake would be to get rid of his rattle, just as a person with a
bad character, justly obtained, would like to have the stigma removed,
that he might commit more mischief on the unwary.
The more I have travelled, and the longer I have lived, the greater
reason I have to admire the wonderful and beautiful arrangements of the
Creator of all things. Why venomous serpents were formed I cannot say,
though I am very certain it was for a good object; but it is very
evident why the snake I have been describing was furnished with a
rattle--that man might be warned of its approach. My examination of the
snake did not last long. I afterwards saw and killed many others.
Quitting the spot, I hurried towards the camp. When I thought that I
had gone a sufficient distance I expected to hear the voices of my
associates; but all was silent. I pushed on as fast as I could among
the trees. The camp had been placed in a pleasant open glade. I was
certain that I had reached the spot. I looked round on every side. No
one was there; but there were the black patches where the fires had
been, and a few bones, and straw scattered about, and other signs of a
deserted encampment. From the character of the ground the trail was
very indistinct. Still I thought that I could follow it, and off I set
as fast as I could walk. I had not gone far before I became aware that
I had lost the track. I looked about in every direction in vain. I
could not find it. I was getting very hungry. At last I could go on no
longer; so I bethought me that I would kill some bird or beast for
breakfast. On examining, however, my powder-flask, what was my dismay
to find that I had only five or six charges at the utmost. At that
early time of the year there were no berries or wild fruits ripe. Later
I might have found wild cherries in abundance, and raspberries, and
strawberries, on which I could have supported nature.
"I must take care not to throw a shot away," I said to myself, as I
looked about in search of game. Just then I saw the glimmer of water
through the trees, and walking on, I found myself by the side of a
beautiful lake, a mile or more long, and half a mile wide. I was not
certainly in a humour to contemplate its beauty, but I was very much in
the mood to admire some flocks of geese and ducks which were disporting
themselves on its surface, in happy ignorance of the presence of man. I
almost trembled with anxiety as I crept along the margin of the lake,
till I could get near enough to obtain a shot at one of them. A duck
would have satisfied me, but as a goose, being larger, would last
longer, I waited till one came near. A stately fellow came gliding up,
picking insects off the reeds close to the margin. I fired. He rose
and fluttered his wings awhile, and then down he flopped close to me. I
sprang forward like a famished wolf, and very nearly toppled heels over
head into the water, when, had I escaped drowning, I should, at all
events, have spoiled the remainder of my powder in my eagerness to grasp
my prey. At first he fluttered away from the land, but something turned
him, and he came back so close that I caught hold of a wing, and,
hauling him on shore, very soon put an end to his sufferings. To
collect sticks, light a fire, pluck, and clean out my bird, was the work
of a few minutes. I cannot say that the first part I ate of him was
very much done, for I tore off a wing and then put the body back to get
more roasted while I satisfied the more violent cravings of hunger. I
washed down my breakfast with a draught of water from the lake, and then
hurried on again towards the west.
Before, when I had lost my friends, I dreaded suffering from cold, now I
had to fear the heat. The sun came down with terrific force on my head,
and seemed, at times, as if it would scorch my brain to a cinder. At
last I felt that if I went on longer I might be struck down by it, so I
threw myself on the ground under the shade of a wide-spreading cedar, in
a little wood, which contained besides cedars, pine trees, birch, wild
cherries, hawthorn, sweet willow, with honeysuckle and sumach. I slept
an hour or more, and, having eaten some more goose, continued my
journey. Though I kept my eyes actively engaged on every side I could
discover no trace of my friends.
It was evening, when, as I was travelling along the banks of a river
towards the west, I saw on the opposite side, and on the summit of a
rocky ridge, which extended at a distance for some miles parallel with
it, two horsemen. From the way they rode along I had no doubt that they
were my friends the Raggets in search of me. Had they been going east I
might have had hopes of cutting them off on their return; but they were
moving west, and going from me. I shouted at the top of my voice,
though at that distance they could not possibly hear me. I took off my
jacket; I waved it frantically. I was about to plunge into the river to
swim across, but the current was very strong and rapid, swelled by the
melting snows of the mountains. I had good reason to dread being
carried away should I make the attempt. I ran on, hoping to find a ford
or some high spot whence my signals might be more easily seen. No
elevated ground appeared, but the banks were very uneven, sometimes
rocky, in some places overgrown with brushwood, so that my progress was
very slow, and the horsemen disappeared in the distance.
It soon after this grew dark, and this circumstance made me hope that
should the horsemen I had seen have been the Raggets, the camp could not
be very far-off; but then again I had sufficient experience to teach me
that it would be vain to attempt reaching it in the dark. I had now to
look about for a place in which to pass the night. I wished to avoid
the vicinity of rattlesnakes as well as of bears and wolves. I selected
a dry bank near the river, and set to work to collect a quantity of long
grass which grew about, not only to form a mattress, but to protect me
from the cold and the dew of the night. The thick grass cut my hands
sadly as I plucked it, and laughed at the efforts of my axe to cut it
down. At length, however, I managed to cut and pluck enough for my
purpose, and piling it in an oblong heap, I burrowed under it longways,
keeping a bundle in my hands to serve as a pillow. I was surprised to
find how warm and comfortable I felt.
I was congratulating myself on this, and was just dozing off into sleep,
when I was roused up again by the dreadful sound of the rattlesnake's
tail. I started up to listen from which side the serpent was
approaching; for had I moved I might have run directly on it. A horror
seized me. It appeared as if I was surrounded by the creatures. On
every side of me there was the same noise. I began to fancy that I was
dreaming. I had never heard of so many rattlesnakes being found
together. Still I was sure that I was awake. There was the noise
again. It was quite close to me. I put out my hand and caught a
grasshopper, or rather a sort of locust. The sound of their wings
resembles very much that made by the rattlesnake when about to dart on
its prey. I was sure that was the noise I had heard. "There may be
thousands of them for what I care; they can't eat or sting me," I said
to myself; and then I went fast asleep.
I awoke very much refreshed, but so strongly had the thought of
rattlesnakes been impressed on my mind, that my first impulse on waking
was to look cautiously round to ascertain that none were near. Finding
that, as far as I could see, the coast was clear, I jumped up and shook
myself, then bathed my face in the river; and having said my prayers,
which I never failed to do, and returned thanks to Him who had hitherto
so mercifully preserved me, continued on my journey.
I was now anxious to get to the other bank of the river, which I was
convinced my companions had crossed by some ford higher up, and which I
had missed. In vain, however, I searched for one; the river, as I
advanced, grew wider and more rapid, as more streams poured into it; and
at length I came to the conclusion that I must either go back again till
I had found the ford, or swim the river and ferry over my gun and
powder-horn, or construct a raft, and attempt the passage on it myself.
While I was balancing in my mind which I should do, my eye fell on a
patch of withies or osiers, growing in a shallow bend of the river close
to the bank. This decided me. I would make a raft, for the withies
would enable me to fasten it together. I set to work, and cut down with
my faithful axe a number of young trees, selecting firs and those of the
lighter description of wood. That reminds me, that I would advise every
traveller in wild countries to carry an axe, and to know how to use it.
It is a weapon which to use properly, requires both care and practice.
In my search for fit trees I came upon several dry logs, which, from
being so much lighter than the green trees, were very valuable. Having
collected my materials, I commenced the construction of the raft, and
finished it in half an hour, very much to my satisfaction. I built it
partly in the water, so that I might have less difficulty in launching
it. I had to prepare a very essential implement to enable me to perform
my voyage, namely, a long pole with which to shove the raft along. I
had cut down a tall sapling, and cleared it of its boughs, when I heard
a rushing noise louder than that hitherto produced by the current.
I ran towards the river, dragging my pole, when, as I got near it, I saw
that a fresh body of water, caused by the rapid melting of the snow, or
by the giving way of some natural dam higher up the stream, was rushing
down the channel, and raising its waters considerably above their usual
level. I was just in time to see my raft, which I had constructed with
so much labour, and which I had left safely resting on the shore, slowly
gliding away from it. I could not bear the idea of losing it, and,
without a moment's consideration, I made a rush into the water, caught
hold of it just as I found myself up to my middle, and with a spring
threw myself flat upon it, still, however, keeping hold of my pole. The
shove I of necessity gave the raft sent it further from the shore, and
by the time I gained my feet, and was in a position to attempt guiding
the raft, I found that it had got completely out into the impetuous
current, and was being rapidly hurried down it. I tried to reach the
bottom with my pole, and though I succeeded, I could in no way stem the
current. I should have been wiser had I tried to get back to the shore
I had left; instead of this, by following up my first purpose of
crossing, I quickly got into a stronger part of the current, and was
sent whirling more quickly downward. Holding my pole, I balanced myself
as well as I could, prepared for any emergency. The river was four or
five hundred yards wide at least, and I saw that I could not hope on
this part to reach the opposite or northern shore. The river seemed
free from rocks, and as there was no particular danger that I saw to be
apprehended, it occurred to me that I was prosecuting my journey in a
far more expeditious and pleasant way than I had expected.
I was congratulating myself on this circumstance, when I became suddenly
conscious that the noise of the rushing water had greatly increased.
Looking ahead down the river, the water seemed to bubble and foam more
than where I was, while a cloud of mist hung over the spot. The
dreadful conviction forced itself on me that I was approaching a rapid,
or perhaps a waterfall, down which I should be whirled hopelessly, and
dashed to pieces. Again I plunged my pole to the bottom, but it only
made the raft whirl round--I had no power of guiding it. On it went.
The raft began to tumble and pitch; it was in a rapid of considerable
length. The additional rush of water hid many of the rocks; now and
then, however, I saw their black tops rising out of the mass of foam
which surrounded them. I prayed that I might not strike one. I looked
anxiously ahead with compressed lips. The water roared, and foamed, and
hissed about me. I might have been proud of my raft-making skill; had
not my ark been well built it would soon have gone to pieces.
Before long my fears were with reason increased. Before me rose a line
of black rocks. There seemed scarcely room for the raft to pass between
them. I could no longer keep my feet. I sat down, holding my pole.
The raft was driving directly down upon a rock. It swerved a little. I
shoved my pole against the rock, and it glanced clear. On it went--but
numerous other dangers appeared. I was whirled by the rocks, the foam
dashed from them, flying over me. I felt a dreadful blow; the raft
quivered. I thought all was over with me, but it floated clear of the
rock against which it had struck, and on I went. Suddenly the jerking
motion of the raft ceased. I was clear of the rapid. I tried again to
pole towards the shore, but the water was so deep, and the current so
rapid, that I was able to make but slight progress across the river,
when the raft began to pitch again, and I found that I was in another
rapid. Away I was whirled as before. There were more rocks in this
rapid; at all events the raft drove against more, and it began to suffer
from the repeated shocks it was receiving--parts of it got loosened, and
I dreaded every moment to see it part asunder, and to find myself
hurried amid its fragments to destruction. Again a space of smooth
appeared, but it was smooth because it was deep, and I could make but
little way towards the shore among its whirling eddies. Still for the
present I was safe, and had time to look about me. Thus I floated on,
when a loud thundering noise assailed my ears, and a mass of mist rose
before my eyes, giving evidence indubitable that I was approaching a
formidable cataract. I had seen Niagara. Should this be only half its
height it would be sufficient to make mincemeat of me. In vain I looked
around for aid, and clinging desperately to my raft, I resigned myself
to my fate.