OUR VARIOUS PREPARATIONS OF COCA.
Immediately after the importation of the Coca leaf into Europe, we
conceived the plan, the outcome of the request of many physicians, of
making preparations from Coca. _Vin Mariani._—_Elixir Mariani._—_Pâte
Mariani._—_Thé Mariani._—_Pastilles Mariani_, etc. (The author's name
was kindly added to his preparations by the medical profession, who had
recognized the superiority of his products.)
These different preparations had been used by our greatest
practitioners long before the discovery, or rather the application of
Cocaine.
The results obtained were marvelous, and the innumerable letters which
were addressed to us by physicians who experimented with and used our
products and rendered accounts in the medical journals in all parts of
the world, would fill several large volumes.[21]
Under the esteemed patronage of our greatest medical celebrities,
our preparations are known all over the world; they have reached all
classes of society and everywhere, in the large cities as in the small
villages, men, women, children, in fact, convalescents of all ages
now know the name of the salutary plant, which it is and has been our
effort to popularize, though strictly so according to the code of
medical ethics and by those channels approved of by the entire medical
profession.
We shall now consider the different ways in which we use Coca, and
which under the well-known forms of _vin_, _élixir_, _pâte_, and of
_thé Mariani_, have received such universal recognition. We will show
incidentally the esteem in which these preparations are held by the
highest medical authorities.
VIN MARIANI.
This is the first of the preparations of Coca and the one most
generally adopted; to the tonic and stimulant action of the drug there
is added that of a choice quality of wine.
Vin Mariani contains the soluble parts of the Coca plant. The
combination of Coca, with the tannin and the slight traces of iron
which this wine naturally contains, is pronounced the most efficacious
of tonics.
The fresh Coca leaves that we employ, after careful selection, come
from three different sources and are of incomparable quality. It is
this that gives to our _wine_ that special taste and agreeable aroma
which renders it so acceptable to the sick.
It is likewise to the combination and preparing of these three
varieties of Coca leaf in our wine that we can attribute this important
fact: during more than thirty years, no matter in how large doses
taken, _Vin Mariani_ has never produced _cocainism_, nor any other
unpleasant effects.[22]
_Vin Mariani_ is a diffusible tonic, the action of which is immediate.
This action, instead of being localized on a single organ, the stomach,
spreads to the whole system. Taken into the circulation, it awakens in
its course the retarded functions of every organ, and this is owing to
the presence in our preparation of the volatile principles of the plant.
Unlike other tonics, the astringent properties of which lead at length
to heat and constipation, _Vin Mariani_ does not produce any disorder
of the digestive functions; it stimulates them, exerts a refreshing
action on the gastric mucous membrane, and on that account so
advantageously replaces the preparations of cinchona, iron, strychnine,
etc.
"There is," says Dr. Mallez, "a form of anæmia to which the attention
of physicians has not yet been called, and which yields marvelously to
the employment of _Vin Mariani_; we allude to that state of profound
depression of the economy, of extremely marked impoverishment of the
blood, which also results from the prolonged abuse of balsamics in the
treatment of diseases of the urinary passages.
"The number of persons who, attacked with blennorrhagia, use cubebs,
copaiba, turpentine, etc., to a deplorable extent is considerable. So
true is this that, out of a hundred young dyspeptics, we may affirm
without fear of being in error that at least forty of them have become
so by the use of balsamics.
"In like manner, the number of patients affected with urinary gravel
whom the prolonged and excessive use of the agents just mentioned, has
rendered dyspeptic and then neuropathic is enormous. Like the former,
they owe the profound disorder of their digestive functions to the
immoderate use of resins and oleo-resins.
"It is of the first importance, therefore, to relieve these persons
by making them take, after having given them light laxatives and
some preparations intended to strengthen the stomach, not iron, not
cinchona, not, as we have said above, local tonics, which would be of
little if any use, but diffusible tonics, that is to say, those that
act upon the local condition and at the same time upon the general
condition, and which, moreover, do not constipate.
"It is here that _Vin Mariani_, proves its great advantage and
succeeds where other tonics have failed, in stimulating the functions
of the stomach. On the one hand by the small quantity of tannin
which it contains, on the other through the active principles of
Coca, associated with the wine, which serves as a vehicle, exciting
the vitality of each organ separately, not, however, without having
previously exerted its vivifying action on the mucous membrane of the
stomach itself." (_Gazette des Hopitaux_, Nov. 23, 1877.)
The analgesic properties of _Vin Mariani_ have received a happy
application in clinical laryngoscopy by Dr. Ch. Fauvel. This eminent
specialist has made use of it for the past twenty-six years with
unvarying success in all affections of the laryngeal mucous membrane,
the air passages, and the vocal organs. In granular angina it takes the
place of the topical medication and cauterizations which are so often
injurious when they are used indiscriminately and to excess.
The employment of _Vin Mariani_ rapidly relieves patients of the
feeling of heat and tingling which is one of the most annoying symptoms
of this very common disease of the throat. (_Gazette des Hopitaux_, May
12, 1877.)
Dr. Beverley Robinson recommends _Vin Mariani_ as a heart tonic.
Dr. W. H. Pancoast says that _Vin Mariani_ is a valuable preparation
and a tonic of the highest merit.
Dr. Jules Bouvyer, of Cauteretz, employs it with success in certain
affections of the larynx as an adjuvant to the sulphurous treatment.
In 1875, in his _Traitement rationnel de la phthisie pulmonaire_, Dr.
de Pietra Santa said, page 394:
"Among the most renowned practitioners of Paris, Péan, Barth, G. Sée,
and Cabrol have promptly adopted the preparations of Coca. Ch. Fauvel
prescribes it in affections of the respiratory passages. It is in these
diseases that I, too, have had occasion to advise its daily use in the
most convenient, the most agreeable, and the most active form—that of
the _Vin Tonique de Mariani_."
Thus has been realized Réveil's prediction: "This substance (Coca) is
destined to take an important rank in therapeutics."
In the _Revue de Thérapeutique médicaux-chirurgicale_, June 11, 1876,
page 381. Bibliographie: _Dictionnaire Encyclopédique des sciences
médicales_, par A. Dechambre, Dr. H. Cottin thus closes his article:
"In France, we are using a great deal of Coca wine, and it is tending
to take the place of all other tonic wines; it is borne a longer time
by the stomach and is more agreeable to the palate. M. Mariani has
contributed much to the popularization of Coca by the perfection of his
preparations, _vin_, _thé élixir_ and _pâte_. These are the forms at
present most employed."
Dr. Chapusot, of Paris, thus sums up his personal observations: "A
claret-glass of this wine has always been enough to make me forget
hunger and to sustain my strength; I have felt a grateful warmth and a
general exaltation of the economy; the digestion of the following meal
has always been easier than if I had not taken the _Vin Mariani_, and,
although I had not such a ravenous appetite as if I had gone without
it, I ate a good deal, the stomach appearing stronger and more active."
It was Dr. Ch. Fauvel who gave our wine the very striking and exact
title of "Tensor of the vocal cords." He says: "Thanks to _Vin
Mariani_, I have been able to restore the voice of many lyric artists
who would have been unable without this potent agent to give their
performances."
Dr. J. Leonard Corning, in _Brain Exhaustion_, New York, 1884, pages
78 and 112, says: "Of all the medicaments that I employ in the very
numerous cases of irritability, _Vin Mariani_ has rendered the greatest
service. I do not except even the bromides, for this preparation
of Coca possesses the calmative properties of those salts without
producing the unpleasant depression which characterizes them."
The same author continues:
"The _Vin Mariani_ is the remedy _par excellence_ for _ennui_. At the
same time it produces a fortifying action on the cerebral center and
gives rise to a decided sensation of well-being."
Dr. Morell Mackenzie, London, advises the _Vin Mariani_ as a stimulant
and tonic, and uses it especially with speakers and singers.
19 Harley Street,
Cavendish Square, W., London.
GENTLEMEN:—I have much pleasure in stating that I have used the
_Vin Mariani_ for many years, and consider it a valuable stimulant,
particularly serviceable in the cases of vocalists.
Yours faithfully,
MORELL MACKENZIE, M. D.
Professor Sajous, of Philadelphia, who has experimented with _Vin
Mariani_ in troubles of the vocal organs, has obtained excellent
results from its use, and he advises it, not only as a restorative of
the voice, but as a general tonic.
Dr. Libermann, Surgeon-in-Chief, French Army, communicates his
experience, as follows:
"I have the honor to inform you of the results which I have obtained in
my long career of military practice from the use of _Vin Mariani_.
"I have used it with great success for profound anæmia resulting from
long and tedious campaigns in hot countries, and accompanied, as is
nearly always the case, by gastro-intestinal irritation with loss of
appetite and dyspepsia. Two or three Bordeaux-glasses of _Vin Mariani_
daily, removed that condition quite rapidly, by restoring the appetite
and the tolerance of the stomach for a tonic aliment.
"I have also employed it in cases, happily rare in our army, of
chronic alcoholism resulting from the abuse of brandy, absinthe or
strong liquors. The _Vin Mariani_ produced all the excitement sought
by drinkers, but had at the same time a sedative influence on their
nervous systems. I have frequently seen hardened drinkers renounce
their fatal habit and return to a healthy condition.
"I have also used _Vin Mariani_ to save smokers of exaggerated habits,
from nicotinism. A few glasses of _Vin Mariani_ taken in small doses,
either pure or mixed with water, acted as a substitute for pipes and
cigars, because the smokers found in it the cerebral excitement which
they sought in tobacco, wholly preserving their intellectual faculties.
"I have also employed it with success for chronic bronchitis and
pulmonary phthisis. _Vin Mariani_ increases the appetite and diminishes
the cough in these two morbid states.
"To combat the cough I give it mixed with water in the form of tisane,
a Bordeaux-glass of _Mariani_ in a glass of hot water.
"Besides I have used it to the greatest advantage in convalescence from
typhoid fever, when no wine, not even Bordeaux, was retained by the
stomach on account of gastric irritation which is the rule after fevers
of this nature.
"Although I have confined myself to giving but a rapid glance at the
results that I have obtained, I have the statistics, which I keep in
reserve should they be needed.
"I can certify that _Vin Mariani_ is the most powerful weapon that can
be put in the hands of military physicians to combat the diseases, the
infirmities, and even the vicious habits engendered by camp life and
the servitude of military existence."
Dr. Villeneuve, among other cases of morphinomania conquered by the
combined use of the _pâte_ and the _Vin Mariani_, communicated to us in
1884 the following observation:
"M. X...., barrister, 32 years of age, five years ago began to use
morphine preparations as a remedy against a very alarming chronic
bronchitis and granulations in the throat, which were irritated
constantly by cigarette smoking.
"The patient at first only used morphine, but his physicians committed
the imprudence of treating him by hypodermic injection. A notable
change for the better was produced during the first month, but,
unfortunately, abuse succeeded promptly the use of the medicament—so
much so that when I commenced to treat the patient, he was taking daily
from 1 gramme 50 centigrammes to 1 gramme 80 centigrammes of morphine
hypodermically. When he was four hours without his dose there appeared
insomnia, hallucinations and delirium; constipation lasting sometimes
for fifteen days, which brought on in the spring a very alarming
perityphlitis, jerking of the muscles, sudden frights, dyspepsia, and
at last frightful congestion of the face whenever he drank a drop of
wine or brandy.
"After a month's treatment I had succeeded in reducing the daily doses
without causing alarming symptoms; the physiological functions seemed
to awaken again. However, the congestion and especially the dyspepsia
was very grave, and the cough which had been suppressed by morphine
returned. It was then that I treated my patient with phosphate of lime,
the _pâte_ and the _Vin Mariani_. Lacking his habitual stimulant, he
was plunged in a semi-coma from which he could not always be relieved
with weaker daily doses of morphine.
"The danger I feared most was a relapse of bronchitis, and that the
cough and expectoration might end fatally. But in about a week,
during which he took ten doses of _Pâte de Coca_ daily, the cough
became less fatiguing and disappeared entirely in about twenty days.
The patient then commenced to take small doses of _Vin Mariani_ (two
Madeira-glasses a day). At first congestion appeared, but little by
little, as digestion became more easy, my patient, who on account of
his profound anæmia could not tolerate any table wines, took at first
a small glass, then two, then three glasses at a meal. Now he can go
and take his dinner in town, which he had not been able to do for three
years; he regained his former vigor, is able to undertake anew his
occupations, and has entirely given up his morphine habit."
We will conclude our quotations, already too numerous, with an article
by Dr. Scaglia, published in 1877 in the _Gazette des Hopitaux_: "La
Coca et ses propriétés thérapeutiques."
"In anæmia, connected with chronic pulmonary affections without
fever, and in anæmia accompanied by gastralgia, _Vin Mariani_ has an
excellent effect. Its stimulating properties can also be admirably
made use of in those intermediate states of impaired health which are
not yet anæmia, but must in the end become so; physical or mental
overwork, the cerebral weakness due to excess of work or pleasure; the
exhaustion from which the inhabitants of large cities suffer through
irregularities of diet and imperfect hygiene owing to their positions
and surroundings.
"_Vin Mariani_ is unquestionably of benefit to people of sedentary
habits worn out by work, to convalescents who, from a prolonged
confinement in bed, have lost muscular strength, to patients suffering
from diabetes or Bright's disease, whose muscles have lost their
elasticity and vigor.
"Let us add that the taste of _Vin Mariani_ is exquisite, that it is in
no way suggestive of drugs, and that its use is acceptable to the most
fastidious."
Ordinary Dose—Two or three claret-glassfuls daily, half an hour before
or immediately after eating.
COCA GROG.—By mixing a wineglassful of _Vin Mariani_ with half a
glassful of boiling water, sweetened to the taste, we get a grog of
exquisite flavor, and capable of rendering the greatest services
whenever an immediate effect is desired in severe cases of cold,
attended by convulsive coughing. (As prescribed by Dr. Libermann, Dr.
Cyrus Edson and others, recorded in the medical journals during the
grip epidemics.)
ELIXIR MARIANI.
The _Elixir Mariani_ is more alcoholic, very agreeable to the taste,
and three times as highly charged with the aromatic principles of the
Coca leaf as the _Vin Mariani_; therefore it should be taken in doses
of a liqueur glassful, in the morning upon rising, and after the two
principal meals.
It may be used clear or mixed with water, in nearly all cases where the
_Vin Mariani_ is used. Its tonic and eminently digestive properties and
its special aroma, at once mild and penetrating, make it an agreeable
liqueur, very much esteemed by gourmets and persons who are careful
about their health.
A small glass of the _Elixir Mariani_ taken after a meal, spreads a
gentle warmth through the stomach and calls forth an abundant secretion
of gastric juice, which mixes with the food and facilitates digestion.
For travelers, hunters, and in general all who walk much and who are
exposed to fatigue, to dampness, and to fog, the use of the _Elixir
Mariani_ may be recommended and will render admirable service, because
of the tone and strength that it gives to the stomach and to the
muscles.
Dr. Collins, _Révue de Thérapeutique_, observes that this liqueur acts
"heroically" in anæmia, chlorosis and rickets.
Dr. Ch. Fauvel, Dr. Conqueret, Dr. Villeneuve, Dr. Chapusot, Dr.
Odin, Dr. Cintrat and others declare as the result of their clinical
observations that the _Elixir Mariani_ exerts a "masterly action" in
granular pharyngitis, quinsy, and albuminuria, and that its stimulating
properties on the whole nervous system cannot be denied.
Dr. J. Leonard Corning, of New York, recommends the _Elixir Mariani_ as
a strengthener of the brain.
"As a remedy in _sea-sickness_, the _Elixir Mariani_ has always
given excellent results."—Dr. Slant, Dr. Letellier, Dr. Trossat, Dr.
Derrecagaix.
The _Elixir Mariani_ is generally prescribed in doses of a
liqueur-glassful after the principal meals. Mixed with cold water,
in the proportion of two liqueur-glassfuls to a tumbler of water, it
constitutes a very strengthening and pleasant drink.
PÂTE MARIANI (LOZENGES OF COCA).
Tonic and pectoral, _Pâte Mariani_ is a Lozenge very agreeable to the
taste, which is prescribed daily with the greatest success by throat
specialists for obstinate coughs, granular catarrh of the throat, and
the various inflammations of the digestive and respiratory passages.
Composed only of clarified gum, sugar and Coca, without a trace of
opium or of any narcotic substances, it may be taken without danger at
any hour of the day and in any quantity, without fear of its disturbing
the digestion, since, on the contrary, it can only aid it. From six to
ten of the Lozenges daily are the usual dose, but more may be taken if
necessary.
Its beneficial action is due to the happy combination of the emolient
properties of pure gum-arabic and the tonic, astringent and analgesic
properties of Coca.
"_Pâte Mariani_ has a powerful tonic action on the larynx, and,
like _Vin Mariani_, it is invaluable in cases of aphonia caused by
feebleness or relaxation of the vocal cords. This property is of
special advantage to singers and orators. _Pâte Mariani_ is a very
valuable substitute in granular catarrh of the throat and throat
affections in general, for chlorate of potassium pastilles and the
various lozenges containing opium, etc., the _Pâte Mariani_ is more
agreeable to the taste and produces anæsthetic and soothing effects."
(_Gazette des Hopitaux._)
PASTILLES MARIANI (COCA AND COCAINE).
The _Pastilles Mariani_ are used in the same cases as the _Pâte_, from
which they differ only by the addition of two milligrammes of Cocaine
hydrochlorate to each pastille.
Their action is much more intense and more rapid than that of the plain
Coca Lozenges.
The paroxysms of cough which are so frequent and so annoying to those
who smoke tobacco to excess, are overcome as if by enchantment by the
use of a few pastilles.
Dose—Four to eight daily. This amount, however, may be exceeded, at the
discretion of the physicians.
THÉ MARIANI, OR CONCENTRATED EXTRACT OF COCA (TEA MARIANI).
As its name indicates, Mariani's concentrated extract of Coca, or _Thé
Mariani_, contains within a small bulk all the active principles of the
Coca leaf. This extract, prepared in special apparatuses which prevent
all alteration and preserve all its properties and all its aroma,
answers entirely in the various modes of using Coca and constitutes a
most scrupulously exact preparation in dose, the most convenient and
the most active that could be desired.
_Thé Mariani_ is capable of indefinite preservation and easy of
transportation; it renders great service to persons who make mountain
ascensions, fatiguing marches, or long journeys through unhealthy
countries, and in fact in whatever may be called fatiguing work or
pleasure.
_Thé Mariani_ may be taken in the dose of from three to six
teaspoonfuls in the course of the day, clear, or mixed with brandy,
wine, water or milk, etc., hot or cold, in the latter cases sweetened
to taste, if desired.
COCA TEA OR INFUSION.—A teaspoonful of the _Thé Mariani_, added to a
cup of hot water, sweetened to the taste, with or without the addition
of cream or milk, makes a very agreeable drink, more digestive, more
tonic, and less exciting than coffee or tea, while possessing in
a higher degree the tonic and stimulating properties of those two
substances.
It is in this form that Coca is especially used in Peru and Bolivia,
where it is preferred to the Chinese tea.
Persons who drink Chinese tea at meals may advantageously substitute
the _Thé Mariani_ for it.
For patients who cannot generally take milk, it is advisable to add
_Thé Mariani_. Excellent results will be obtained.
COCA GARGLES AND SPRAYS.—Independently of its tonic and reconstituent
action, Coca possesses anæsthetic and soothing properties that have
been observed and made use of in practice by laryngologists in the form
of a spray, in the proportion of a teaspoonful of _Thé Mariani_ to half
a glassful of warm water.
An ambulance physician of Tonkin, who has experimented with _Thé
Mariani_, sends the following note:
"_Thé Mariani_ has rendered us real service during expeditions as well
as in hospital practice; on the march it makes with boiled water,
with or without the addition of sugar, a very agreeable, tonic and
stimulating drink; a veritable reserve food, it takes the place of
alcoholic drinks and insufficiency of food, and aids the men in bearing
the most distressing fatigue. The water of swamps, rivers or ditches,
mixed with a few spoonfuls of _Thé Mariani_, could be drank without any
inconvenience, and assuaged thirst.
"_Thé Mariani_ stimulates the appetite, overcomes atony of the
digestive organs, and prevents and combats diarrhœa efficiently.
"Mixed in small quantity with fresh or condensed milk, it gives it
an agreeable taste and causes it to be borne by the most delicate
stomachs; hence it becomes a valuable adjuvant in the treatment of the
endemic dysenteries and diarrhœas of tropical countries.
"Finally, its exclusive use, even its excessive use for several days,
has not seemed to us to exert any injurious influence on the system,
as the abuse of coffee or of alcoholic drinks had certainly done under
like circumstances."
Dr. Fordyce Barker, Dr. J. H. Douglas, Dr. Henry B. Sands and Dr. Geo.
F. Shrady have authorized us to make known that it was due to _Thé
Mariani_, added to milk (in the proportion of a teaspoonful of the
_Thé_ to a cup of milk), that they were able to nourish Gen. Grant,
the ex-President, when he was unable to support any other food. By
this means they succeeded in prolonging the life of their illustrious
patient for several months.
Coca taken in infusion gave excellent results to Tschudy while he was
sojourning in the valley of the Puna, the highest in Bolivia, which
has given its name to the disease of mountain sickness, known in Peru
by the name _Mal de Puna_, also designated by the words _sorroche_,
_veta_ and _mareo_; this last term shows clearly enough the analogy
which exists between sea-sickness and the influence of great altitudes
on the human body. Experience has proved the usefulness of Coca against
dyspnœa and vomiting, so that the Indians who make ascensions always
carry a stock of Coca with them. Dr. Tschudy found himself comfortable
by the use of it while hunting in those valleys, at a height of ten to
twelve thousand feet above the sea.
Dr. Salemi, of Nice, gives an account of a case of epilepsy in a woman,
38 years of age, cured by the daily and prolonged use of _Thé Mariani_,
given in increasing doses (ten drops daily at first and eighty drops
daily at the end of a month). This case is not an isolated one.
IMPORTANT CAUTION.
Owing to the success obtained by our preparations of Coca for many
years, imitators and counterfeiters have dared to apply to their own
valueless productions the observations made with our special products.
These occurrences, often repeated, have given rise to protests
from many physicians, among others Dr. W. Oliver Moore, Sir Morell
Mackenzie, Dr. Ch. Fauvel.
_To the Editor of the New York Medical Journal_:
SIR: In your issue of January 3, 1885, page 19, in a report of a
paper read before the New York Medical Society, on "The Physiological
and Therapeutical Effects of the Coca Leaf and its Alkaloid,"
occurs the following: "For over twenty years Dr. Fauvel has used
it, both internally in the form of _Vin Mariani_, and also by local
applications to the pharynx and larynx in spray or by brush, in
the form of a fluid extract, or, more recently, of a concentrated
non-alcoholic preparation more of the nature of a cordial (prepared by
Mariani & Co.)."
Several manufacturers of Coca preparations have taken occasion to
quote from this paper, each in turn substituting the name of _his own_
production instead of the one mentioned in the original.
As the preparations of Coca mentioned in my paper were personally
tested and found to be the best of a large number experimented with, I
wish to call attention to these misquotations and substitutions.
Very truly,
W. OLIVER MOORE, M.D.
*** We have taken the trouble to compare the report of Dr. Moore's
remarks with the little book on Coca prepared by M. Mariani, and with
the circulars issued by a number of manufacturers of Coca preparations;
and we certainly think that some of these manufacturers have taken
an unwarrantable liberty in appropriating work that evidently cost M.
Mariani a good deal of time and no little outlay of money.—EDITOR _N.
Y. Medical Journal_.
_New York Medical Journal_, October 24, 1885.
"In another column we publish a letter from Dr. W. Oliver Moore,
calling attention to an injustice that certain competing pharmacists
have practiced toward Messrs. Mariani & Co., in 'pirating' published
records of the successful use of the Mariani preparations of Coca,
and at the same time craftily making these records appear to apply to
their own preparations. It is very much to be regretted that a house
that has been so punctilious in avoiding even the semblance of any
offense against the courtesy of trade should have been treated in this
shabby way by some rival manufacturers."
31 Rue Guénégaud, Paris, Dec. 8, 1887.
_To the Editor of the New York Medical Journal_:
SIR—Will you kindly have it announced in your journal, in justice
to myself before the medical profession, that the various notices
appearing in journals and circulars quoting my name in connection with
Coca are entirely false and in every respect a prevarication? The
only preparation of Coca employed by me with undoubted and uniform
success has been the so well-known _Vin Mariani_, which, since 1865,
I have had occasion to prescribe daily in my _clinique_, as well as
in private practice. My opinion of this valuable medicament has,
during many years, been frequently made known for the benefit of the
profession in various writings, and it is but just to this worthy
preparation that it receive all the honor due it. I thank you for
compliance with my request.
CH. FAUVEL, M.D.
Continued compliment is paid M. Mariani for the maintained high standard
and excellence of his preparations, by the numerous honorable mentions
and indorsements by the members of the medical profession and those
who have occasion to use his Coca preparations; latterly through the
following awards:
Gold Medal and Silver Medal from the Académie Nationale de France; Gold
Medal and a Grand Diploma of Honor from the Wine Exhibit of Bordeaux,
France; Gold Medal and a Diploma of Honor at the Hygienic Exhibit
at Amsterdam, Holland, and a Gold Medal and Diploma at Leamington,
England, the jury surnaming his _Vin Mariani_, "Wine for Athletes."
N. B.—Professional bicyclists and athletes, after careful trials of
ours and preparations of others, among which the Cafeine. Theobromine,
Kola, pseudo-Cafeine or Kolamine (Knebel), Maté, etc., invariably
give the preference to our Coca preparation. Messrs. Dubois, Lucas,
Vigneaux, Echalié, André Henry, Imans, Buffel, and many others have
attested to the vast superiority of Coca Mariani over all other tonics
(dynamogéniques).
We request those physicians, who kindly place confidence in our
preparations, to prescribe them under the name of _Mariani_, and to
insist that their prescriptions be scrupulously executed.
[Illustration: PLATE I]
PLATE I.
TRANSVERSE SECTION OF A YOUNG BRANCH; PRIMARY FORMATIONS.
(See Plate III., Figure 3.)
_Ec._, Bark formed of an epidermis _Ep._, of a parenchyma (pulp) well
developed with some oxaliferous cellules _C. o._ On the section
is seen a bundle of libero-ligneous stipulaires _F. s._
_F. p._, Fibres pericycliques.
_Li._, Liber, with oxaliferous cellules _C. o._
_B._, Wood.
_Mo._, Pulpy pith containing cellules of ligneous dotted partitions
_C. l._, and oxaliferous cellules. The cortical and medullary
pulp contain in their cellules numberless grains of starch,
which are not indicated in this plate.
[Illustration: PLATE II.
FIG. 1 FIG. 2]
PLATE II.
Fig. 1—TRANSVERSE SECTION OF AN AGED STEM; SECONDARY FORMATIONS.
Fig. 2—LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF SAME STEM.
Bark formed of a corky and pulpy cortical of a secondary origin. The
primary bark exfoliates itself at a very early stage.
The pulp contains some oxaliferous cellules and some grains of starch.
The wood contains some veins and a considerable quantity of fibres with
thick and dotted partitions. The marrow remains always pulpy and with
lignified cellules.
[Illustration: PLATE III.
FIG. 1
FIG. 3
FIG. 4]
PLATE III.
Fig. 1—TRANSVERSE SECTION OF A PRIMARY ROOT.
_A. p._, Heaped layer.
_A. s._, Corky layer.
_Ec._, Pithy bark.
_End._, Endoderm; the thickening of the lateral partitions of its
cellules is very apparent.
_P._, Pericycle formed of a single layer of cellules.
_T. c._, Conjunctive tissue or pith.
_B._, Ligneous fasciculous; there are two to the diameter.
_L._, Liberian fasciculous; there are two to the diameter,
perpendicular to the preceding.
Fig. 2—TRANSVERSE SECTION OF A ROOT; SECONDARY FORMATIONS.
_L. s._, Cork, secondary.
_Ec. s._, Bark, secondary; the primary formations are exfoliate.
_L._, Liber.
_F. l._, Ligneous fibres in large numbers and meatus.
_V._, Veins of wood, dotted.
_R. m._, Medullary radius.
_M. s._, Pith which has become entirely sclerotic.
Fig. 3—SCHEMATIC SECTION OF A YOUNG BRANCH.
_Ec._, Bark.
_F. f._, Foliated fasciculous not yet separated from the central
cylinder.
_F. s._, Fasciculous stipulaire.
_Mo._, Pith.
_Z. g._, Generating zone libero-ligneous.
Fig. 4—GRAINS OF STARCH OF THE SEED.
(Maximum dimensions: 22 to 24 p. × 15 to 18 p.)
[Illustration: PLATE IV.]
PLATE IV.
Fig. 1—FOLIATION. TRANSVERSE SECTION OF A LEAF NOT YET UNROLLED,
SHOWING THE TWO LONGITUDINAL JUTTINGS WHICH FORM THE FALSE NERVURES OF
THE COCA LEAF.
_F. i._, Lower surface.
_F. S._, Upper surface.
_N. p._, Principal nervure.
_F. n._, False nervures.
Fig. 2—TRANSVERSE SECTION OF ONE OF THE JUTTINGS.
_E. s._, Upper epidermis.
_E. i._, Lower epidermis.
_F. n._, False nervure.
Fig. 3—LOWER EPIDERMIS OF THE LEAF AT THE FALSE NERVURE _F. n._, WHICH
IS FORMED OF LENGTHENED CELLULES WITHOUT STOMATUM _S._, STOMATUM _P._,
EPIDERMIC PAPILLOUS CELLULES.
Fig. 4—TRANSVERSE SECTION OF A LEAF ENTIRELY DEVELOPED.
_E. s._, Upper epidermis.
_E. i._, Lower epidermis.
_P._, Parenchyme foliate.
_C. p._, Palissadique cellules.
_C. s._, Sclerotic cellules.
_L. a._, Air-conveying cell.
_F. l. l._, Fasciculous libero-ligneous.
Fig. 5—SCHEMATIC SECTION OF A PETIOL NEAR THE BASE.
Fig. 6—EXTREMITY OF A BRANCH SHOWING THE STIPULES OF THE LEAVES.
Fig. 7—TWO STIPULES CONNECTED, SEEN FROM THE BRANCHED SURFACE.
[Illustration: PLATE V.]
PLATE V.
Fig. 1—RIPE SEED; THE THREE STYLES AND THE STAMENS ARE STILL ADHERENT.
Fig. 2—LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF SAME.
_T. g._, Tegument of the seed.
_A._, Amylaceous albumen.
_R._, Embryo rootlet.
_C._, Cotyledons.
Fig. 3—SCHEMATIC SECTION OF THE HALF-DEVELOPED SEED.
_P. c._, Carpellary pulp.
_C. a._, Abortive carpelle.
_T. o._, Tegument ovarium.
_A. a._, Amylaceous albumen.
_C. e._, Embryo cotyledons.
_N. t._, Nervure of tegument of the ovule.
Fig. 4—TRANSVERSE SCHEMATIC SECTION OF A COTYLEDON.
Fig. 5—FLORAL BUD.
Fig. 6—AN EXPANDED FLOWER.
Fig. 7—THE SAME, SEEN FROM UNDERNEATH.
Fig. 8—TWO PETALS, ONE SEEN FROM UNDERNEATH, THE OTHER SEEN SIDEWAYS
AND SHOWING THE APPENDIX WHICH FORMS THE CROWN.
Fig. 9—THE ATTACHED 10 STAMENS; THE EPIPETALS ARE LARGER THAN THE
EPISEPALS.
Fig. 10—AN ANTHER AND THREAD OF STAMEN.
Fig. 11—POLLEN SEEDS.
(Dimensions: 35 p. × 28 p.)
Fig. 12—STYLE AND STIGMATE.
Fig. 13—FLORAL DIAGRAM.
The floral formula is: [5 S] + 5 P + [10 E] - [3 C].
We are justified in saying: Never has anything been so highly
recommended and every trial proves its excellence.
[Illustration: _"Mariani Bottle," showing Shape and Label._
Size of Regular Bottle, half litre (about 17 ounces).]
[Illustration: _"Mariani Bottle," showing Outside Wrapper._
Never sold in bulk—to guard against substitution.]
VIN MARIANI
_Nourishes_ = _Fortifies_
_Refreshes_
_Aids Digestion_ = _Strengthens the System_.
Unequaled as a tonic-stimulant for fatigued or overworked Body and
Brain.
Prevents Malaria, Influenza and Wasting Diseases.
We cannot aim to gain support for our preparation through cheapness;
we give a uniform, effective and honest article, and respectfully ask
personal testing of =Vin Mariani= strictly on its own merits. Thus the
medical profession can judge whether =Vin Mariani= is deserving of the
unequaled reputation it has earned throughout the world during more
than 30 years.
Inferior, so-called Coca preparations (variable solutions of Cocaine
and cheap wines), which have been proven worthless, even harmful in
effect, bring into discredit and destroy confidence in a valuable drug.
We therefore particularly caution to specify always "VIN MARIANI," thus
we can guarantee invariable satisfaction to physician and patient.
FOOTNOTES
[1] Nothnagel et Rossbach, _Nouveaux Éléments de Thérapeutique_.
[2] This cut represents the Coca shrub presented by Mr. A. Mariani to
the Paris Botanical Gardens.
[3] Mr. Mariani has presented to the Academy of Medicine a plaster cast
of this very _poporo_, in his possession.
[4] Dr. Demarle, _Essay on Peruvian Coca_, _Thèse de Paris_, 1862.
[5] Moreno y Maïz, _Thèse de Paris_, 1868.
[6] Lippmann, _Thèse de Strasbourg_, 1868.
[7] Gazeau, _Thèse de Paris_, 1870.
[8] _Gazette des Hopitaux_, Paris, March 12, 1877.
[9] Rigolet. _Thèse de Paris_, 1885.
[10] Soc. imp. royale des médecins de Vienne, Oct. 17, 1884.
[11] Rigolet, _Thèse de Paris_, 1888.
[12] M. Panas. Communication à l'Acad. de Médecine, November, 1884.
[13] Dr. Laffont. _Etude physiologique sur la Coca et les sels de Coca._
[14] _Thèse de Paris_, 1862.
[15] _Thèse de Paris_, 1885.
[16] _Bumstead and Taylor on Venereal Diseases._
[17] _Thérapeutique contemporaine_, January, 1888.
[18] _Concours Médical_ Aug. 11, 1888.
[19] _Bulletin gen. de Thérap._ 1884.
[20] "Heart-strain and Weak Heart," _N. Y. Medical Record_, Feb. 26,
page 238.
[21] We have on file upward of 7,000 endorsements from leading
practitioners, all coinciding as to the great aid rendered by _Vin
Mariani_ as a tonic-stimulant.
[22] It has been repeatedly proven that the many worthless, so-called
Coca preparations are nothing more than variable solutions of Cocaine
in inferior grades of wines or other liquids, shamefully prepared by
unscrupulous or ignorant persons, whereby, in addition to the harmful
effects they produce, also bring into discredit a really useful drug.
* * * * *
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES
Minor punctuation and printer errors repaired.
Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.