X = -dV/dx, Y = -dV/dy, Z = -dV/dz; (1)

and putting

dw dv du dw dv du

-- - -- = 2[xi], -- - -- = 2[eta], -- - -- = 2[zeta], (2)

dy dz dz dx dx dy

d[xi] d[eta] d[zeta]

----- + ------ + ------- = 0, (3)

dx dy dz

the equations of motion may be written

du dH

-- - 2v[zeta] + 2w[eta] + -- = 0, (4)

dt dx

dv dH

-- - 2w[xi] + 2u[zeta] + -- = 0, (5)

dt dy

dw dH

-- - 2u[eta] + 2w[xi] + -- = 0, (6)

dt dz

where

_

/

H = | dp/[rho] + V + ½q², (7)

_/

q² = u² + v² + w², (8)

and the three terms in H may be called the pressure head, potential

head, and head of velocity, when the gravitation unit is employed and

½q² is replaced by ½q²/g.

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Hydromechanics" to "Ichnography" Volume 14, Slice 2 · 第 16 / 120 题