532. Pope BONIFACE II died; his father was a Goth; he was elected to the
pontifical office in 530.
1226. LOUIS VIII (_the Lion_), king of France, died. He was
distinguished for his valor, and waged successful war against the
English and other nations. He finally lost the greater part of his army
by contagious disease, and perished by it himself.
1231. ABDU-L-LATTIF, an Arabian physician, historian and traveler, died,
aged 69. He wrote upwards of 160 works, of which a history of Egypt is
highly esteemed.
1308. JOHN DUNS (_Duns Scotus_), a celebrated theologian, died. He
affected to maintain opinions contrary to those of Thomas Aquinas, which
produced two parties in the schools, the Thomists and the Scotists.
1512. AMERY D'AMBOISE, a French admiral, died; famous for the naval
victory he obtained over the sultan of Egypt, two years before his
death.
1517. FRANCIS XIMENES, a Spanish ecclesiastic, died, aged 81. He was
eminent as a statesman, warrior and patron of learning, and was at the
head of the Spanish government many years. He was the publisher of the
_Complutensian Polyglott_.
1519. The Spaniards under Cortez entered the city of Mexico.
1520. A general massacre of all the nobility of Sweden, except Gustavus
Vasa, whose providential escape led to a revolution, and the separation
of the union between Denmark, Sweden and Norway, and the deposition of
Christian II, by whom the bloody deed was instigated.
1608. The Bodleian library at Oxford, England, first opened to the
public.
1674. JOHN MILTON, an illustrious English poet, died. He also wrote many
political and controversial tracts, and a _History of Britain_, which
occupied him many years.
1690. Belgrade retaken by the Turks.
1777. British attacked Mud fort, now fort Mifflin. It was gallantly
defended by a few militia under Col. Smith, who repulsed the enemy.
1781. LEWIS POULLE, a French ecclesiastic, died; celebrated for his
eloquence, and for his poetry.
1792. The French under Dampierre, took Ath, which contained several
large magazines. They also took possession of Nieuwpoort, Ostend and
Bruges on the same day. At the same time another army of the French took
Tournay, and all Flanders submitted to them.
1793. MARY JANE PHILIPON ROLAND, an eminent French lady, guillotined.
She was a woman of great information and superior talents. She published
her travels in England and Switzerland, was the soul of the republican
party, and secretly governed many of the public measures which were
proposed in the convention before it fell into the foulest hands.
1799. BONAPARTE affected a revolution in Paris, and the councils of
Ancients, and Five Hundred, adjourned to St. Cloud.
1805. Battle of Marientzel; the French under Davoust defeated the
allies, took 16 cannon and 3,000 prisoners.
1806. Magdeburg, in Lower Saxony, surrendered to the French under Ney.
He took 20 generals, 16,000 men, 800 pieces of artillery, 1,000,000
pounds of powder, and a vast bridge equipage, and immense magazines of
all kinds.
1808. A Mr. DOWLER, of Towcester, England, completed, on a wager, a
pedestrian performance of 500 miles in 7 days.
1809. The French attacked, carried and plundered the town of Hostalrick,
but were forced to retire by Gen. Quadrado, who retook the plunder.
1809. The functions of the British minister, Francis James Jackson,
ceased by order of President Madison, and he was debarred all
intercourse with the American government.
1813. Battle of Tallegada; the Indians defeated by Gen. Jackson.
1814. British ship Leander captured American privateer schooner Gen.
Putnam, 8 guns and 57 men; her guns were thrown overboard during this
and a former chase.
1828. THOMAS BEWICK, one of the most celebrated engravers on wood in
England, died. Engraving the cuts for the celebrated Dr. Hutton's
mensuration first introduced him to notice while yet an apprentice.
1837. EDWARD DORR GRIFFIN, an eminent American divine, died; 15 years
president of Williams college.
1853. A new planet in the constellation Taurus was discovered by Mr.
Hind, an English astronomer. It was the ninth planet discovered by Mr.
Hind in the course of seven years, and raised the number of that
extraordinary group of worlds between Mars and Jupiter to twenty-seven.