1047. CLEMENT II, pope, died. He was a Saxon, elected the year previous,
and distinguished for his zeal against Simony.
1192. King RICHARD of England embarked from Palestine in a single ship
for Europe.
1253. ROBERT GREATHEAD, bishop of Lincoln, and a learned and voluminous
writer, died.
1326. HUGH SPENCER, a favorite of Edward II, hanged at Bristol, which
city he defended against the forces of queen Isabella.
1555. JUSTUS JONAS died; a learned coadjutor of Luther and the other
reformers, and author of a _Defence of the Marriage of the Priests_, and
other works.
1563. GABRIEL FALLOPIUS, a celebrated Italian physician and anatomist,
died at Padua. He possessed great powers of mind, which he cultivated by
intense application.
1642. The first commencement was held at Harvard college, when nine
candidates took the degree of A. B.
1646. The whole order of English bishops abolished by an ordinance of
parliament.
1665. GOV. STUYVESANT submitted to the states general his report in
relation to the surrender of New York to the English.
1682. HENRY BLOUNT died; an English traveler, who made the tour of
Europe and part of Asia, and published an account of his travels on his
return.
1688. CLAUDE PERRAULT, a distinguished French physician and architect,
died.
1690. JOHN MAYNARD, an eminent English lawyer, died; celebrated for his
eloquence, integrity and public spirit.
1705. JOHN CHRISTOPHER WAGENSEIL died; a learned German polemical
writer, and professor of history and oriental languages at Altorf.
1707. A fleet of English merchantmen attacked off the Lizard point; the
Devonshire man-of-war blown up.
1711. The British fleet returning from its unsuccessful expedition
against Canada, arrived at Portsmouth, N. H., when in addition to their
other misfortunes, the Edgar 70 gun ship blew up, having on board 400
men besides many persons who came to visit their friends.
1718. RICHARD CUMBERLAND, a learned English divine and mathematician,
died.
1733. Seven hundred British troops withdrawn from Gibraltar to defend
the planters of Jamaica from their runaway slaves.
1745. Ath surrendered to the French after a severe and destructive
bombardment. This gave France the command of Flanders.
1747. DAVID BRINARD, an eminent American missionary among the Indians,
died at Northampton, a victim to his extreme mortification and
inextinguishable zeal for the success of his mission. He rode about
4,000 miles in 1744, on pastoral duties.
1747. JONAS SURRINGTON died near Bergen in Norway, aged 159, retaining
the perfect use of his faculties to the last.
1759. The architect SMEATON finished the Eddystone light house; not an
accident occurred to sadden the joy.
1760. Berlin in Prussia, taken and sacked by the Russians and Austrians.
1772. CHRISTIAN JACOBSON DRACKENBURG died at Aarhus, Denmark, aged 146;
"a celebrated and well-known character."
1779. The people of Manchester rioted on account of Arkwright's
machinery for spinning.
1779. The French and Americans, about 4,500 men under count d'Estaing
and Gen. Lincoln, made an unsuccessful assault upon Savannah, and were
compelled to retreat with considerable loss. The brave count Pulaski was
mortally wounded in this affair. (Holmes says Oct. 11.)
1781. The French and Americans opened their batteries upon the British
at Yorktown.
1791. ABRAHAM J. LANSING, the original proprietor of Lansingburgh, N.
Y., died, aged 72, at his seat in that town.
1803. Deluge in the island of Madeira; the city of Funchal, with all its
inhabitants, was swept into the ocean, leaving the rocky basis of the
island bare. But one human being escaped, which was an infant. The event
is supposed to have been occasioned by a water spout, which had burst
against the side of a mountain, and discharged itself down the
declivities upon the city.
1805. Battle of Guntzburg; the Austrians under prince Ferdinand,
defeated by the French under Bonaparte, with the loss of 2,000
prisoners, besides killed and wounded.
1806. Battle of Schleitz in Saxony; 10,000 Prussians defeated by
Bernadotte; being the recommencement of hostilities between the French
and Prussians.
1809. Great storm at Boston and vicinity, by which a vast number of
vessels were lost.
1812. Lieut. ELLIOTT, of the United States navy, with 50 volunteers,
attacked and carried two British vessels, the Caledonia and Detroit, on
lake Erie. One of these was burnt, with a cargo valued at $200,000.
1813. British broke up their cantonments before fort George, and marched
rapidly for Burlington bay.
1822. RICHARD EARLOM, an English engraver of great skill, died. His
flower pieces are highly valued.
1826. CHARLES MILLS, an eminent English historian, died. His histories
of the crusades, of chivalry and of Muhammedanism, are valuable
acquisitions to literature.
1831. CAPO D'ISTRIAS, president of Greece, assassinated by one of his
own countrymen.
1836. JAMES SAUMAREZ, an English admiral, died; distinguished in the
naval history of his country, and eminent for his private virtues.
1842. JOSHUA STOW, sometime chief judge in Middlesex county court,
Conn., died at Middletown.
1845. DAVID BAILLIE WARDEN died at Paris, aged 67. He was a native of
Ireland, was sometime consul of the United States at Paris, where he
collected a valuable library of American history, was a member of the
French academy, and a man of letters and varied learning.
1847. Sweden abolished slavery in the island of St. Bartholomew and all
her dependencies.
1849. TIMOTHY DWIGHT SPRAGUE, editor of the _American Literary
Magazine_, died at Andover, Mass., aged 30.
1849. A riot in Philadelphia, between a set of whites called killers,
and some negroes. It was continued the next day, until put down. Four
houses were burned, 4 persons killed, and 11 wounded.
1854. WILLIAM DARBY, an eminent American geographer and statistician,
died at Washington, aged 79.
1855. A treaty was ratified between Japan and Great Britain, by admiral
sir James Stirling.