1003. ABDULMALIK IBN SHOHEYD executed; a poet and historian of Cordova,
who for his military services was made governor of Toledo. He wrote a
history of the Spanish Arabs in 100 vols.; was put to death by order of
Hisham II.
1187. Jerusalem acquired by the arms of Saladin the Turk.
1405. HENRY IV granted to sir John Stanley the isle of Man in the Irish
sea.
1573. The Spaniards abandoned the famous siege of Leyden; during which
Kanava obtained celebrity for her patriotism.
1594. Battle of Glenlivet, in which the forces of James V under the duke
of Argyle were defeated by the Scotch.
1689. QUIRINUS KUHLMAN, a German fanatic, burnt at Moscow for some
seditious prophecies.
1690. ROBERT BARCLAY, an eminent Scottish writer, of the society of
quakers, died. His _Apology for the Quakers_ is esteemed the standard of
their doctrines, and has been published in many of the European
languages.
1691. The English and Irish war ended by the fall of Limerick.
1733. CHARLES ST. YVES, a skillful French oculist, died; author of a
valuable treatise on the diseases of the eye.
1751. JAMES LOGAN died; a learned quaker, who accompanied Penn to
America in 1699, and assisted in the government of the colony. His
library contained 3,000 volumes, and was the largest in the colony; he
understood several ancient and modern languages, and his writings were
republished in Europe.
1768. FERDINAND WARNER, an English divine, died; celebrated for his
theological, biographical, historical and medical writings.
1793. The last two male natives of Pitcairn's island murdered by the
three survivors of the British ship Bounty.
1794. The fortress of Juliers opened its gates to the victorious French,
on the famous victory over the Austrians on the banks of the Roer, which
delivered all the German provinces on the west side of the Rhine into
the hands of the republicans.
1803. VICTOR ALFIERI, an eminent Italian dramatic poet, died. Within
less than seven years he produced fourteen dramas, besides various other
works in prose and verse, including a translation of Sallust. His
posthumous works were published in 13 vols., two of which are occupied
by his auto-biography.
1811. First newspaper issued at Buffalo, N. Y.
1813. Battle of Wartenburg, a small town on the left bank of the Elbe,
between the Prussian army of 24,000 under Blucher, and the French under
Bertrand, of 20,000. The former made a memorable march from Bautzen to
the Elbe. The river was wide and rapid, and the pontoons were thrown
over under the fire of the French, who were defeated with much loss.
1815. JUAN DIEZ PORLIER, a celebrated Spanish partisan general, hanged
at Corunna. He distinguished himself at the battle of Trafalgar, and
rendered the king important services in the war with the French.
1826. LEVIN AUGUSTUS BENNINGSEN, a German military officer of great
abilities, died. He entered the Russian service, and was in several
important campaigns against the French.
1838. BLACKHAWK (_Muck-ker-ta-me-scheck-ker-kirk_), a celebrated Indian
chief and warrior, died at his camp on the river Des Moines.
1843. LEWIS F. LINN, senator of the United States from Missouri, died at
St. Genevieve.
1848. The emperor of Austria dissolved the Hungarian diet, proclaimed
martial law for that province, and appointed the Ban Jellachich to the
supreme government.
1852. A severe gale swept over the Atlantic ocean and English channel,
causing a great destruction of property and loss of life.
1853. JAMES TALMADGE died in New York, aged 75. He was
lieutenant-governor of New York in 1824, and devoted the last twenty
years of his life to the American institute as its president.
1855. ROBERT ADAIR, a British ambassador to various courts of Europe,
died at London, aged 92.