366. LIBERIUS, pope, died. He subscribed, very reluctantly, the
condemnation of Athanasius.
867. MICHAEL III (_the Drunkard_), emperor of Rome, assassinated. His
minority was governed by his mother, a woman of great ability; but on
assuming the reigns of government, his profligate conduct led to his
death.
1143. INNOCENT II, pope, died. He was elected to the office in 1130, but
excluded by a rival for several years.
1332. JOHN BALIOL crowned king of Scotland at Scone, by the bishop of
Dunkeld.
1404. WILLIAM OF WYKEHAM, bishop of Winchester, died. He rose from
obscurity, and before his death appropriated the large possessions which
he had acquired to endow two new colleges, New College Oxford, and
Winchester.
1427. Lady RAVENSWORTH devised to her children the following things: "I
wyl yat my son Robert (bishop of London) have a sauter covered with red
velvet. My doghter Margory a primer covered in rede," &c., &c.
1635. ANTHONY BRUNI, an Italian poet, died.
1650. CHARLES DE VALOIS, duke de Angouleme, died; a French militaire.
1664. Fort Orange, now Albany, surrendered to the English under colonel
Cartwright. The title of Jeremiah Van Rensselaer to the manor of
Rensselaerwyck was confirmed.
1664. The first convention was held in Albany between the English and
the Iroquois, who were now the predominant race, holding sway over every
savage nation. The Iroquois continued the allies of the English until
the revolution.
1680. SAMUEL BUTLER, an English poet, died; author of _Hudibras_.
1693. Bayonets first used at the battle near Turin on loaded muskets,
which has been practiced ever since. In 1620 they were first constructed
at Bayonne. Hence the name.
1722. JAMES WATSON, author of the _History of Printing in Scotland_,
died at Edinburgh.
1757. AARON BURR, president of New-Jersey college, died. He was an able
divine and an accomplished scholar.
1793. Foundation laid of the Iron bridge over the river Wear, at
Sunderland, England. It was finished in 1796.
1803. Berbice, a Dutch colony in Guiana, celebrated for its fine coffee,
surrendered to the British.
1805. WILLIAM BYRNE, a distinguished British landscape engraver, died.
1811. French under general MARMONT forced Wellington to raise the siege
of Ciudad Rodrigo in Spain.
1816. EUSEBIUS VALLI, an eminent Italian physician, died a martyr to
science. He visited Smyrna and Constantinople to make observations on
the plague, and the West-Indies to study the nature of the yellow fever.
In both instances he voluntarily subjected himself to the disease, and
in the latter made a fatal experiment in exposing himself to the
infection with a dead body, so that in three days the scene closed upon
him in death.
1821. The Hetærists, a Greek brotherhood, extirpated. On the breaking
out of the Greek revolution they hastened from all parts of Europe and
formed a legion of heroes. The last band of them were attacked and
defeated at the monastery of Seck, where their leader Jordaki, being
wounded, and to escape falling into the hands of the Turks, set fire to
the monastery, and perished in the conflagration.
1825. PETER PAUL DOBREE died; an eminent professor of Greek and Latin,
who succeeded Porson at Cambridge, and was one of the most finished
classical scholars in Europe.
1831. Mount Auburn, a retired and ornamental place of sepulture about
four miles from the city of Boston and containing about fifty acres, was
publicly dedicated, the first of the kind in the United States.
1835. JOHN PITT, earl of Chatham, died. He was the eldest son of the
great earl of Chatham and brother of the prime minister. As he left no
heir, the peerage became extinct.
1839. ROBERT Y. HAYNE, a distinguished American statesman and orator,
died.
1841. Mr. BROOKE, an enterprising Englishman, became rajah, or governor,
of Sarawak, the first footing obtained by the English on the island of
Borneo, it is believed.
1842. Mrs. ELIZABETH AYLETT, daughter of the celebrated Patrick Henry,
died at King William county, Virginia.
1847. WILLIAM POPHAM, an officer of the revolution, died in New York,
aged 95.
1847. Col. DAVID FOLSOM, a chief of the Chocktaws, died.
1852. General CASTANOS, duke of Baylen, died, aged 95. He was the
companion in arms of Wellington and one of the most conspicuous and
heroic of the Spanish commanders in war against Napoleon, called the war
of independence.
1852. BENJAMIN THOMPSON, a Massachusetts congressman, died at
Charlestown, aged 75. He held many responsible offices, possessed great
business talent, and his services were especially valuable at
Washington on the committee of military affairs, during the Mexican war.
1854. GEORGE LEITH ROUSSELL, an eminent English physician and surgeon,
died in London, of cholera, aged 57. He wrote upon typhus fever,
cholera, and the effects of poisons.