1097. Battle of Dorylæum, in Phrygia, and rout of the Moslems under
Soliman.
1450. Lord SAY and SELE beheaded by order of Jack Cade, at Cheapside,
London.
1533. JOHN FRYTH, an English preacher, burnt at Smithfield for the
heresy of Lutheranism.
1563. Leeds bridge school was founded in the time of Henry VIII.
1584. AMIDAS and BARLOW, two experienced commodores sent out by sir
Walter Raleigh for the purpose of discovering and taking possession of
the American continent north of Florida, arrived at the coast on this
day. Sailing along the shore 120 miles, they entered the mouth of a
river and took formal possession of the country for the queen of
England, delivering it over to the use of sir Walter. (See June 10,
1584.)
1623. WILLIAM BIRD, a celebrated English musical composer, died, aged
80. His music outlived his history, few particulars of his life being
known.
1653. The parliament, commonly called _Barebone's_, from a zealot of
that name who was one of the 120 members, assembled at Whitehall, and
Cromwell delegated to them their chairs for fifteen months.
1663. CHARLES II of England, reviewed his 4000 guards, then the whole
regular force of the kingdom, yet deemed dangerous to liberty. The king
and his brother imputed the misfortune of their father, Charles I, to
the want of a regular army.
1669. ANTHONY ESCOBA DE MENDOZA, a Spanish Jesuit, died. He was for many
years a popular preacher, and bequeathed to posterity 40 vols. folio of
his own writings.
1670. GEORGE, duke of Albemarle, captain-general of his majesty's
forces, died at the cockpit. Possibly some lessons of ferocity might be
learned there.
1671. MERIC CASAUBON, a Swiss _literateur_ and critic, died in London.
Considerable offers were made him by Cromwell to write the history of
the civil war, which he refused.
1744. Thirty-two wagons, variously decorated, loaded with the treasure
brought home by Anson, guarded by his seamen, passed St. James's in
London to the Tower.
1749. JOSEPH VANAKEN, a celebrated Dutch painter, died.
1754. The commissioners of the American colonies met at Albany for the
purpose of holding a conference with the Indians, (see June 19,)
proposed a plan for the union of the colonies, which was agreed to this
day, exactly 22 years before the declaration of independence. Its fate
was singular. It was rejected in America because it was supposed to put
too much power into the hands of the king; and it was rejected in
England, because it was supposed to give too much power to the
assemblies of the colonies.
1757. JOHN JOSEPH VADE, an excellent French poet, died. His youth was
spent in dissipation, for which he made some amends in the brief space
allowed him by his impaired constitution.
1761. SAMUEL RICHARDSON, an English printer, died; known as the author
of a series of moral romances, among which _Pamela_ and _Sir Charles
Grandison_ are the most noted. The former suggested to Fielding his
famous _Tom Jones_.
1776. Declaration of American independence adopted by congress. It was
39 times before that body previous to its adoption. It may be added that
this event took place 264 years after the discovery of America by
Columbus, 160 from the first effectual settlement of Virginia, and 150
from the settlement of Plymouth.
1777. Boonesborough attacked by 200 Indians, who killed and wounded 2 of
the pioneer's men. All the settlements were attacked at the same time.
1778. FRANCESCO MANOEL, the most celebrated lyric poet of modern
Portuguese literature, escaped the inquisition by disarming the officer
sent to arrest him, and fled to Paris. He became obnoxious to the holy
office by some expressions concerning toleration and monks, in his
translation of Moliere's _Tartuffe_.
1780. British admiral GEARY captured 12 French merchantmen from
Port-au-Prince.
1781. Williamsburg, Va., evacuated by the British under Cornwallis.
1789. GOSEN VAN SCHAICK, a brigadier general in the United States
continental army, died at Albany.
1790. Action between the Swedish and Russian fleets, in which the former
under the king, Charles XII, were defeated with great loss.
1793. Action off the capes of Virginia, between the French privateer,
Citizen Genet, and two armed English vessels with a convoy. The convoy
was captured and the two vessels much damaged. The Genet had 30 men, not
one of whom was wounded by the enemy.
1800. A Mr. RUSBY was found guilty of reselling grain (technically
regrading) in the market of Mark Lane. The judge, lord Kenyon, remarking
to the jury, "You have conferred by your verdict almost the greatest
benefit on your country that ever was conferred by any jury!"
1803. A remarkable ball of fire fell upon a public house at Wapping,
England. It was accompanied with thunder.
1804. Mail stage commenced running once a week from Pittsburg and
Philadelphia.
1806. Battle of Maida, in Italy; the French defeated by the British and
Sicilians, with the loss of 800 killed and 1000 taken prisoners; British
loss 45 killed 282 wounded.
1808. FISHER AMES, an American orator and statesman, died, aged 50. He
possessed a mind of great and extraordinary character.
1813. United States smack Yankee captured by boarding, without any loss,
British sloop Eagle.
1814. A part of the United States forces under Gen. W. Scott, advanced
from fort Erie towards the British works at Chippewa. A smart action was
had with the British at Street's creek. The division which crossed under
Capt. Turner was attacked by a very superior force; but they gallantly
cut their way through to a house, where they made a stand until
relieved.
1816. RICHARD WATSON, bishop of Landaff, died; known by his _Apology for
the Bible_, in answer to Paine's _Age of Reason_.
1817. The construction of the Erie canal commenced, in the neighborhood
of Rome, Oneida county, New York.
1826. THOMAS JEFFERSON, third president of the United States, and author
of the _Declaration of Independence_, died, just 50 years from the date
of that document, aged 83.
1826. JOHN ADAMS, second president of the United States, died, aged 91.
He was one of those patriots who most warmly advocated the declaration
of independence in congress, and was an able statesman.
1831. JAMES MONROE, fifth president of the United States, died, aged 73.
He joined the revolutionary army in 1778, and after the close of the
war was constantly in the service of his country, as a statesman, till
the close of his life.
1845. Texas finally annexed to the United States, by a convention of its
citizens ratifying the action of the United States senate.
1845. An Englishman by the name of SPEER, accompanied by three chamois
hunters, set out from Interlachen to ascend the Wetterhorn, or peak of
tempests, one of the highest of the Oberland Alps, which had never been
trodden by the foot of man. They reached the summit on the 8th, after a
tedious and dangerous effort. The height of the peak ascended is 12,000
feet and upwards.
1848. DE CHATEAUBRIAND, a distinguished French savan, died at Paris,
aged 80.
1848. Treaty of peace with Mexico proclaimed at Washington.
1848. Ceremony of laying the corner stone of the Washington monument at
Washington, conducted with great pomp.
1849. Two thousand and seventy-four immigrants arrived in the steerage
at New York.
1850. KIRBY, an eminent entomologist, died at Suffolk, England, aged 91.
His work on the bees of England described upwards of 200 wild species in
that country.
1853. The first Norwegian rail road opened.
1854. A collision on the Susquehanna rail road, near Baltimore, by which
30 persons were killed, and a large number badly wounded.
1854. JAMES MURRAY, mayor of Alexandria, La., was killed while
attempting to suppress a disturbance at a barbecue.
1855. WILLIAM TERRELL, an accomplished and useful citizen of Georgia,
died at Sparta in that state. He took great interest in the promotion of
agricultural science, and bestowed $20,000 for the establishment of an
agricultural professorship in the University of Georgia.
1855. A convention of cotton planters assembled at Cooper's Well, Miss.,
to hear the report of a committee upon the subject of a direct trade
between the southern states and Europe. They adjourned to meet at
Jackson, in January.
1855. Svartholm, a fort of great strength, commanding the approach to
Lovisa, on the gulf of Finland, which had been deserted by its garrison,
was destroyed by the allies.
1856. The members of what was termed the Kansas free state legislature,
assembled at Topeka, but were dispersed by the U. S. troops, by
direction of Col. Sumner.
1856. The statue of Washington, in Union square, New York, was
inaugurated.
1857. ANTON SCHMIDT, a German literary celebrity, died at Salzburg, aged
71. He was custos of the imperial library at Vienna, and was a popular
author.
1857. WILLIAM L. MARCY, an American statesman, died, aged 71. He filled
the offices of comptroller and governor of New York with ability; but
distinguished himself as secretary of war under president Polk, and
secretary of state under president Pierce.