356. B. C. Birthday of ALEXANDER, _the Great_, on the sixth day of
_Lous_ (_Hecatombæon_) during the Olympic games, in the first year of
the 106th Olympiad, at Pella. This joyful _deliverance_ was notified to
Philip at the falling of Potidæa; and two other messengers reached his
camp on the same day, announcing that his race horse had gained the
prize at the games, and that Parmenio his captain had defeated the
Illyrians. It was on the night of this very day that the celebrated
temple of Diana was burnt to the ground by Eratostratus, an Ephesian
youth who fondly panted for an infamous reputation.
1210. King JOHN, landed in Ireland, and received the homage of twenty
native princes.
1439. The act of union between the Greek and Latin churches, took place
in the cathedral of Florence, where the contracting parties met, at the
instigation of John Palæologus; but was sundered by the act of Russia.
1481. BATTISTA FRESCOBALDI and others engaged in a conspiracy to
assassinate Lorenzo de Medici, executed at Florence.
1487. Battle of Stoke; the earl of Lincoln defeated and slain by the
king Henry VII.
1527. Pope CLEMENT VII, surrendered the castle of St. Angelo, and gave
up himself a prisoner to the imperialists, under Philbert de Chalons,
prince of Orange, who succeeded the duke of Bourbon.
1533. LUDOVICO ARIOSTO, the Italian poet, died. His _Orlando Furioso_
procured him the laurel crown at Rome, which was placed upon his brow by
the emperor Charles V.
1577. On Corpus Christi's Eve, the usual celebration greatly aggrieved
the perth weekly assembly. The play being judged idolatrous.
1597. WILLIAM HUNIS, one of the contributors to the metrical theology of
the times of Edward VI, died. Edward himself was no mean writer. Hunis
versified the whole book of Genesis, calling it a hive full of honey.
1650. ANTHONY ASCHAM a friend of Cromwell, and member of the long
parliament, assassinated. He was at the time envoy to Spain, and the
deed was perpetrated by six exiled royalists there.
1660. CHARLES II, issued a proclamation for the regicides to surrender,
that they might not be excepted from the general pardon: 19 availed
themselves of the proclamation, but 19 others doubting the sincerity of
the government, disobeyed the summons.
1693. Dr. PITCAIRN, published at Leyden his dissertation on the
circulation of the blood through the veins.
1710. LOUISE FRANCOISE VALLIERE, wife of the duke of Orleans, and
mistress of Louis XIV, died. She spent the last 35 years of her life in
a cloister in acts of piety and devotion.
1745. A body of Silesian peasants, at Landshut, 2000 in number, sought
permission of the king, Frederick II, to massacre the Roman catholics.
He refused to allow the barbarous demand.
1749. Conspiracy of the Turkish slaves at Malta to exterminate the order
of knights.
1761. British under lord Rolla took Dominica.
1762. GEORGE ANSON, the circumnavigator, died, aged 62. His life was
spent upon the ocean, and he rendered important services to his country,
for which he was rewarded.
1780. Riots in London continued, occasioned by the property act. The
rioters liberated the prisoners confined in the prisons, and totally
destroyed Newgate by fire.
1794. Point a Petre, Guadaloupe, stormed by the French.
1799. PATRICK HENRY, an eminent Virginian patriot, orator and statesman,
died, aged 63. He was chosen the first governor of Virginia, on the
abdication of lord Dunmore.
1800. Sir EDWARD PELLEW'S squadron landed and destroyed the forts at
Morbihan, in France, blew up the magazines, destroyed the guns, took 100
prisoners, 2 brigs of 18 guns, 2 sloops and 2 gun vessels.
1807. Battle of Deppen, in which the French cut to pieces a body of
Russians.
1807. Battle of Eylau, between the French and Russians; 30,000 of the
latter were killed.
1808. Spanish Junta declared war against Bonaparte. Same day he issued a
degree at Bayonne, declaring his brother Joseph king of Spain and the
Indies.
1832. Riots commenced in Paris between the Carlists and republicans
united, and the National guards. The rioters were finally overpowered,
after several days' resistance and great slaughter.
1832. JEREMY BENTHAM, a celebrated English jurist, died, aged 85. He
was a man of great learning and eccentricity, and devoted his long life
to laborious study.
1853. The Italian ecclesiastic Gavazzi, lectured at Quebec, and gave
rise to a riot.
1854. JOHN SPEED SMITH, a highly intelligent and cultivated Kentucky
gentleman, died. He was repeatedly a member of the Kentucky legislature,
and served two years in congress.
1855. The bombardment of Sebastopol was reopened with 157 guns and
mortars on the part of the British, and above 300 on the part of the
French.