535 B. C. The foundations of the second temple at Jerusalem, laid by the
_children of the captivity_, by permission of Cyrus, on the twenty-fifth
of Sivan.
67 B. C. TITUS VESPASIAN took the city of Joppa, in Galilee, by assault,
on the 25th of the month Dæsius.
337. CONSTANTINE the Great died, having divided the empire among his
children and nephews.
709. ALDHEM, an English divine, died; said to have been the first
Englishman who cultivated poetry.
1261. ALEXANDER IV, pope, died. He bestowed the crown of Sicily on
Edmund, son of the king of England, and attempted to unite the Greek and
Latin churches.
1315. EDWARD BRUCE invaded Ireland with 6000 men. "He fought many
battles and gained them all," and was for a brief period king of the
country.
1427. ALEXANDER, lord of the isles, performed penance of submission to
king James in his shirt and drawers, before the congregation of Holyrood
church.
1510. GEORGES D'AMBOISE a French cardinal and statesman, died; a great
benefactor to France.
1622. PETRUS PLANCIUS, who with others contributed so much to the
discovery of New Netherland and other countries, died at Amsterdam.
1625. WILLIAM BARLOWE, died; celebrated as the discoverer of the nature
and properties of the loadstone.
1630. Eight Englishmen left by mischance in Greenland by their ship,
were found on this day by their countrymen, having by good economy and
wise expedients, succeeded in passing the winter without loss of life.
(See Jan. 14, 1634, and Ap. 16, 1634.)
1681. DON PEDRO DE LA BARCA, a noble Spanish dramatist, died; who
together with Lope de Vega, gave law to and polished the Spanish
theatre. His works comprise 10 vols. quarto.
1743. JAMES ANTONY ARLAUD, a celebrated Swiss painter, died.
1760. Insurrection of the negroes in Jamaica. The loss to the island, in
human flesh and blood, was $500,000.
1775. Sir GUY JOHNSON, called an Indian council at Guy Park, where the
Mohawks alone attended; his object being to provide against a rumored
attack upon his person by the revolutionists.
1775. Generals Howe, Clinton and Burgoyne, arrived at Boston.
1776. Congress resolved to engage the services of the Indians.
1778. About 500 British and Hessians from Rhode Island destroyed at
Kickmut river, 70 boats and other property; burnt the church and
several dwellings at Warren, and a church and 22 houses at Bristol.
1780. Two regiments of Washington's troops mutinied; but were persuaded
to return to their duty.
1798. CHARLES JAMES FOX, had his name stricken by the king from the list
of privy councillors, for giving as a toast at the meeting of the Whig
club, "The sovereignty of the people."
1798. ASMUS JACOB CARSTENS, a distinguished German artist, died. He was
the son of a miller, and raised himself to eminence by his great talent
and genius as a painter.
1798. A party of United Irishmen defeated near Dublin with great
slaughter; many of those taken were executed.
1802. GEORGE FORDYCE, died; an eminent Scottish physician and writer on
medicine and chemistry.
1803. BONAPARTE constituted all Englishmen between 18 and 60 years of
age, found in the French territory, prisoners of war, and ordered the
capture of British vessels.
1805. WILLIAM PALEY died; a learned English divine and writer on ethics.
His _Evidences of Christianity_ is one of the ablest defences of the
Christian religion that has ever appeared.
1812. EDMUND MALONE, an Irish attorney, died. He is celebrated as the
editor of Shakspeare, and published several biographies.
1818. DAVID MITCHELL, a major-general in the war of the American
revolution, died, aged 77. He was the friend of Logan, the Indian, and
had fought the Indians in 27 battles.
1830. The French expedition against Algiers sailed from Toulon,
consisting of 34,160 men, under the command of General Bourmont, and
succeeded in reducing that barbarous kingdom to a French province.
1840. Singular phenomenon in lake Erie, at Toledo; the water rising to
the height of four feet above its ordinary level in the space of a few
hours, without any apparent cause. The water and the weather were calm
and still, and no unusual commotion was observable, as the bay gradually
rose nearly a foot higher than ever before known.
1843. One hundredth anniversary of the Am. Philosophical Society,
founded by Franklin at Philadelphia. It is the oldest scientific
association this side of the Atlantic.