387. THEODOSIUS degraded Antioch, the metropolis of the east, from the
rank of a city, and subjected it to the jurisdiction of Laodicea, on
account of a sedition.
1270. LOUIS IX, king of France, died. He displayed the magnanimity of
the hero, the integrity of the patriot, and the humanity of the
philosopher. By his order a translation of the whole Bible was made into
French.
1312. The order of Knights Templars suppressed by a papal decree.
1520. LEO X gave permission for the publication of the _Complutensian
Polyglott_, a magnificent edition of the Bible, prepared and printed at
the expense of Cardinal Ximenes of Toledo. The work was commenced in
1502, and prosecuted without interruption fifteen years, at an expense
of more than 50,000 crowns of gold.
1530. Diet of Augsburg, in Germany, at which Melanchton drew up a creed
known by the name of the _Augsburg Confession_.
1595. WALTER RALEIGH, in search of the fabulous golden city of Manoa del
Dorado, arrived at Trinidad. He had fitted out a fleet at great expense;
leaving his ships at Trinidad he proceeded with 100 men in boats 400
miles up the Oronoque; but the river beginning dangerously to swell, he
returned without effecting the great discovery.
1621. The colonists at Plymouth received a visit from Masassoit, the
greatest king of the neighboring Indians. A league of friendship was
agreed upon which was inviolably observed more than fifty years.
1646. Battle of Stowe, in which the royalists under Lord Astley, 3000 in
number, were defeated by Col. Morgan. This was the last body of men that
appeared on the field for King Charles.
1687. JEAN BAPTISTE LULLY, an Italian musician, died at Paris. He was
born of obscure parentage, and at the age of ten was sent by the
Chevalier Guise to France as a page to Mad'lle de Montpensier. The lady,
however was so little pleased with him, that she sent him into the
kitchen, where he officiated as under-scullion, till his musical talent
became accidentally known. From this time he rose rapidly, and
contributed much to the improvement of the science of music in France.
He is said to have been the inventor of the overture.
1717. MATTHEW HUBERT, an eloquent French preacher, died. His sermons are
published in 6 vols. and highly esteemed.
1740. Porto Bello, on the isthmus of Darien, taken by the English under
Admiral Vernon.
1758. JONATHAN EDWARDS, the most celebrated of American metaphysicians
and theologians, died of small pox, aged 55. There have been three great
editions of his works published, one in England and two in this country.
1765. Stamp act passed by the British parliament, the first attempt to
tax America without allowing her a representation in the parliament.
1772. JOHN CANTON, an English natural philosopher, died. He was a
cloth-weaver, and first devoted his leisure moments to mathematics. He
became a member of the royal society, and obtained their gold medal by
his experiments on the Leyden phial.
1797. Battle of La Chinse, in Austria. The French under Guieux drove
the imperialists before them until they fell in with Massena at Tarwis
and were defeated. The French took 5000 prisoners, 400 wagons and 30
cannon.
1797. The French under Joubert crossed the Adige at Newmark, in Saxony,
defeated Gen. Laudohn, entered Botzen, and matched directly for Claufen.
The French took 1500 prisoners.
1806. MURAT proclaimed at Dusseldorf, "Prince Joachim, duke of Cleves
and Berg."
1821. STEPHEN DECATUR, a distinguished American commodore, died at
Washington, aged 41.
1828. LOUIS CHORIS, an eminent Russian painter and draftsman to
Kotzebue's circumnavigating expedition, was killed in company with his
traveling companion, near Vera Cruz in Mexico.
1832. The bill banishing the families of Napoleon and Charles X, passed
the chamber of peers by a vote of 80 to 30.
1832. JOHN WOLFGANG VON GŒTHE, "the patriarch of German literature,"
died, aged 83. He early gave indications of genius and a taste for the
fine arts; acquired several languages, and made some proficiency in
drawing, engraving, &c.; and first attracted attention as an author by
the drama of _Gœtz_ in 1773, and the _Sorrows of Werther_ the next
year. The activity and versatility of his genius were prodigious, and
his productions amounting to 50 vols., embrace every branch of
literature and science. He died at Weimar, quietly seated in his
armchair, and apparently without suffering.
1842. CONDY RAGUET, author of the _Free Trade Advocate_, and many other
political productions, died at Philadelphia.
1851. MORDECAI MANASSEH NOAH, for over forty years connected with the
press of New York and prominent as a writer and politician, died.
1851. ISAAC HILL, one of the most influential political writers in
America and for many years editor of the _New Hampshire Patriot_, died.
1851. JOHN STUART SKINNER, editor of the _Plow, the Loom and the Anvil_,
died at Baltimore, aged 63. He was the pioneer in the establishment of
American agricultural journals, although he had been educated for the
law.
1855. RAMON PINTO, an eminent Cuban lawyer, suffered death by the
garotte, at Havana, for conspiring to take Concha's life and overthrow
the existing government.
1855. The Russians, in a night sortie upon the French lines at
Sebastopol, were driven back after a contest of two and a half hours.