MURDER BY POST
The next few days were perhaps the most unhappy that I have known. My
life, indeed, since I had left the hospital had been one of many
disappointments and much privation. Unfulfilled desires and ambitions
unrealised had combined with distaste for the daily drudgery that had
fallen to my lot to embitter my poverty and cause me to look with gloomy
distrust upon the unpromising future. But no sorrow that I had hitherto
experienced could compare with the grief that I now felt in
contemplating the irretrievable ruin of what I knew to be the great
passion of my life. For to a man like myself, of few friends and deep
affections, one great emotional upheaval exhausts the possibilities of
nature; leaving only the capacity for feeble and ineffective echoes. The
edifice of love that is raised upon the ruins of a great passion can
compare with the original no more than can the paltry mosque that
perches upon the mound of Jonah with the glories of the palace that lies
entombed beneath. I had made a pretext to write to Juliet and had
received a reply quite frank and friendly in tone, by which I knew that
she had not--as some women would have done--set the blame upon me for
our temporary outburst of emotion. And yet there was a subtle difference
from her previous manner of writing that only emphasised the finality of
our separation.
I think Thorndyke perceived that something had gone awry, though I was
at great pains to maintain a cheerful exterior and keep myself occupied,
and he probably formed a pretty shrewd guess at the nature of the
trouble; but he said nothing, and I only judged that he had observed
some change in my manner by the fact that there was blended with his
usual quiet geniality an almost insensible note of sympathy and
affection.
A couple of days after my last interview with Juliet, an event occurred
which served, certainly, to relieve the tension and distract my
thoughts, though not in a very agreeable manner.
It was the pleasant, reposeful hour after dinner when it was our custom
to sit in our respective easy chairs and, as we smoked our pipes,
discuss some of the many topics in which we had a common interest. The
postman had just discharged into the capacious letter-box an avalanche
of letters and circulars, and as I sat glancing through the solitary
letter that had fallen to my share, I looked from time to time at
Thorndyke and noticed, as I had often done before, with some surprise, a
curious habit that he had of turning over and closely scrutinising every
letter and package before he opened it.
"I observe, Thorndyke," I now ventured to remark, "that you always
examine the outside of a letter before looking at the inside. I have
seen other people do the same, and it has always appeared to me a
singularly foolish proceeding. Why speculate over an unopened letter
when a glance at the contents will tell you all there is to know?"
"You are perfectly right," he answered, "if the object of the inspection
is to discover who is the sender of the letter. But that is not my
object. In my case the habit is one that has been deliberately
cultivated--not in reference to letters only, but to everything that
comes into my hands--the habit of allowing nothing to pass without a
certain amount of conscious attention. The observant man is, in reality,
the attentive man, and the so-called power of observation is simply the
capacity for continuous attention. As a matter of fact, I have found in
practice, that the habit is a useful one even in reference to letters;
more than once I have gleaned a hint from the outside of a letter that
has proved valuable when applied to the contents. Here, for instance, is
a letter which has been opened after being fastened up--apparently by
the aid of steam. The envelope is soiled and rubbed, and smells faintly
of stale tobacco, and has evidently been carried in a pocket along with
a well-used pipe. Why should it have been opened? On reading it I
perceive that it should have reached me two days ago, and that the date
has been skilfully altered from the thirteenth to the fifteenth. The
inference is that my correspondent has a highly untrustworthy clerk."
"But the correspondent may have carried the letter in his own pocket," I
objected.
"Hardly," replied Thorndyke. "He would not have troubled to steam his
own letter open and close it again; he would have cut the envelope and
addressed a fresh one. This the clerk could not do, because the letter
was confidential and was addressed in the principal's handwriting. And
the principal would have almost certainly added a postscript; and,
moreover, he does not smoke. This, however, is all very obvious; but
here is something rather more subtle which I have put aside for more
detailed examination. What do you make of it?"
He handed me a small parcel to which was attached by string a
typewritten address label, the back of which bore the printed
inscription, "James Bartlett and Sons, Cigar Manufacturers, London and
Havana."
"I am afraid," said I, after turning the little packet over and
examining every part of it minutely, "that this is rather too subtle for
me. The only thing that I observe is that the typewriter has bungled the
address considerably. Otherwise this seems to me a very ordinary packet
indeed."
"Well, you have observed one point of interest, at any rate," said
Thorndyke, taking the packet from me. "But let us examine the thing
systematically and note down what we see. In the first place, you will
notice that the label is an ordinary luggage label such as you may buy
at any stationer's, with its own string attached. Now, manufacturers
commonly use a different and more substantial pattern, which is attached
by the string of the parcel. But that is a small matter. What is much
more striking is the address on the label. It is typewritten and, as you
say, typed very badly. Do you know anything about typewriters?"
"Very little."
"Then you do not recognise the machine? Well, this label was typed with
a Blickensderfer--an excellent machine, but not the form most commonly
selected for the rough work of a manufacturer's office; but we will let
that pass. The important point is this: the Blickensderfer Company make
several forms of machine, the smallest and lightest of which is the
literary, specially designed for the use of journalists and men of
letters. Now this label was typed with the literary machine, or, at
least, with the literary typewheel; which is really a very remarkable
circumstance indeed."
"How do you know that?" I asked.
"By this asterisk, which has been written by mistake, the inexpert
operator having pressed down the figure lever instead of the one for
capitals. The literary typewheel is the only one that has an asterisk,
as I noticed when I was thinking of purchasing a machine. Here, then, we
have a very striking fact, for even if a manufacturer chose to use a
'Blick' in his factory, it is inconceivable that he should select the
literary form in preference to the more suitable 'commercial' machine."
"Yes," I agreed; "it is certainly very singular."
"And now," pursued Thorndyke, "to consider the writing itself. It has
been done by an absolute beginner. He has failed to space in two places,
he has written five wrong letters, and he has written figures instead of
capitals in two instances."
"Yes; he has made a shocking muddle of it. I wonder he didn't throw the
label away and type another."
"Precisely," said Thorndyke. "And if we wish to find out why he did not,
we have only to look at the back of the label. You see that the name of
the firm, instead of being printed on the label itself in the usual
manner, is printed on a separate slip of paper which is pasted on the
label--a most foolish and clumsy arrangement, involving an immense waste
of time. But if we look closely at the printed slip itself we perceive
something still more remarkable; for that slip has been cut down to fit
the label, and has been cut with a pair of scissors. The edges are not
quite straight, and in one place the 'overlap,' which is so
characteristic of the cut made with scissors, can be seen quite
plainly."
He handed the packet to me with a reading-lens, through which I could
distinctly make out the points he had mentioned.
"Now I need not point out to you," he continued, "that these slips
would, ordinarily, have been trimmed by the printer to the correct size
in his machine, which would leave an absolutely true edge; nor need I
say that no sane business man would adopt such a device as this. The
slip of paper has been cut with scissors to fit the label, and it has
then been pasted on to the surface that it has been made to fit, when
all this waste of time and trouble--which, in practice, means
money--could have been saved by printing the name on the label itself."
"Yes, that is so; but I still do not see why the fellow should not have
thrown away this label and typed another."
"Look at the slip again," said Thorndyke. "It is faintly but evenly
discoloured and, to me, has the appearance of having been soaked in
water. Let us, for the moment, assume that it has been. That would look
as if it had been removed from some other package, which again would
suggest that the person using it had only the one slip, which he had
soaked off the original package, dried, cut down and pasted on the
present label. If he pasted it on before typing the address--which he
would most probably have done--he might well be unwilling to risk
destroying it by soaking it a second time."
"You think, then, there is a suspicion that the package may have been
tampered with?"
"There is no need to jump to conclusions," replied Thorndyke. "I merely
gave this case as an instance showing that careful examination of the
outside of a package or letter may lead us to bestow a little extra
attention on the contents. Now let us open it and see what those
contents are."
With a sharp knife he divided the outside cover, revealing a stout
cardboard box wrapped in a number of advertisement sheets. The box, when
the lid was raised, was seen to contain a single cigar--a large
cheroot--packed in cotton wool.
"A 'Trichy,' by Jove!" I exclaimed. "Your own special fancy, Thorndyke."
"Yes; and another anomaly, at once, you see, which might have escaped
our notice if we had not been on the _qui vive_."
"As a matter of fact, I _don't_ see," said I. "You will think me an
awful blockhead, but I don't perceive anything singular in a cigar
manufacturer sending a sample cigar."
"You read the label, I think?" replied Thorndyke. "However, let us look
at one of these leaflets and see what they say. Ah! here we are:
'Messrs. Bartlett and Sons, who own extensive plantations on the island
of Cuba, manufacture their cigars exclusively from selected leaves grown
by themselves.' They would hardly make a Trichinopoly cheroot from leaf
grown in the West Indies, so we have here a striking anomaly of an East
Indian cigar sent to us by a West Indian grower."
"And what do you infer from that?"
"Principally that this cigar--which, by the way, is an uncommonly fine
specimen and which I would not smoke for ten thousand pounds--is
deserving of very attentive examination." He produced from his pocket a
powerful doublet lens, with the aid of which he examined every part of
the surface of the cigar, and finally, both ends. "Look at the small
end," he said, handing me the cigar and the lens, "and tell me if you
notice anything."
I focussed the lens on the flush-cut surface of closely-rolled leaf, and
explored every part of it minutely.
"It seems to me," I said, "that the leaf is opened slightly in the
centre, as if a fine wire had been passed up it."
"So it appeared to me," replied Thorndyke; "and, as we are in agreement
so far, we will carry our investigations a step further."
He laid the cigar down on the table, and, with the keen, thin-bladed
penknife, neatly divided it lengthwise into two halves.
"_Ecce signum_!" exclaimed Thorndyke, as the two parts fell asunder; and
for a few moments we stood silently regarding the dismembered cheroot.
For, about half an inch from the small end, there appeared a little
circular patch of white, chalky material which, by the even manner in
which it was diffused among the leaf, had evidently been deposited from
a solution.
"Our ingenious friend again, I surmise," said Thorndyke at length,
taking up one of the halves and examining the white patch through his
lens. "A thoughtful soul, Jervis, and original too. I wish his talents
could be applied in some other direction. I shall have to remonstrate
with him if he becomes troublesome." "It is your duty to society,
Thorndyke," I exclaimed passionately, "to have this infernal,
cold-blooded scoundrel arrested instantly. Such a man is a standing
menace to the community. Do you really know who sent this thing?"
"I can form a pretty shrewd guess, which, however, is not quite the same
thing. But, you see, he has not been quite so clever this time, for he
has left one or two traces by which his identity might be ascertained."
"Indeed! What traces has he left?"
"Ah! now there is a nice little problem for us to consider." He settled
himself in his easy chair and proceeded to fill his pipe with the air of
a man who is about to discuss a matter of merely general interest.
"Let us consider what information this ingenious person has given us
about himself. In the first place, he evidently has a strong interest in
my immediate decease. Now, why should he feel so urgent a desire for my
death? Can it be a question of property? Hardly; for I am far from a
rich man, and the provisions of my will are known to me alone. Can it
then be a question of private enmity or revenge? I think not. To the
best of my belief I have no private enemies whatever. There remains only
my vocation as an investigator in the fields of legal and criminal
research. His interest in my death must, therefore, be connected with my
professional activities. Now, I am at present conducting an exhumation
which may lead to a charge of murder; but if I were to die to-night the
inquiry would be carried out with equal efficiency by Professor Spicer
or some other toxicologist. My death would not affect the prospects of
the accused. And so in one or two other cases that I have in hand; they
could be equally well conducted by someone else. The inference is that
our friend is not connected with any of these cases, but that he
believes me to possess some exclusive information concerning
him--believes me to be the one person in the world who suspects and can
convict him. Let us assume the existence of such a person--a person of
whose guilt I alone have evidence. Now this person, being unaware that I
have communicated my knowledge to a third party, would reasonably
suppose that by making away with me he had put himself in a position of
security.
"Here, then, is our first point. The sender of this offering is probably
a person concerning whom I hold certain exclusive information.
"But see, now, the interesting corollary that follows from this. I,
alone, suspect this person; therefore I have not published my
suspicions, or others would suspect him too. Why, then, does he suspect
me of suspecting him, since I have not spoken? Evidently, he too must be
in possession of exclusive information. In other words, my suspicions
are correct; for if they were not, he could not be aware of their
existence.
"The next point is the selection of this rather unusual type of cigar.
Why should he have sent a Trichinopoly instead of an ordinary Havana
such as Bartletts actually manufacture? It looks as if he were aware of
my peculiar predilection, and, by thus consulting my personal tastes,
had guarded against the chance of my giving the cigar to some other
person. We may, therefore, infer that our friend probably has some
knowledge of my habits.
"The third point is, What is the social standing of this gentle
stranger, whom we will call X? Now, Bartletts do not send their
advertisements and samples to Thomas, Richard and Henry. They send,
chiefly, to members of the professions and men of means and position. It
is true that the original package might have been annexed by a clerk,
office boy or domestic servant; but the probabilities are that X
received the package himself, and this is borne out by the fact that he
was able to obtain access to a powerful alkaloidal poison--such as this
undoubtedly is."
"In that case he would probably be a medical man or a chemist," I
suggested.
"Not necessarily," replied Thorndyke. "The laws relating to poisons are
so badly framed and administered that any well-to-do person, who has the
necessary knowledge, can obtain almost any poison that he wants. But
social position is an important factor, whence we may conclude that X
belongs, at least, to the middle class.
"The fourth point relates to the personal qualities of X. Now it is
evident, from this instance alone, that he is a man of exceptional
intelligence, of considerable general information, and both ingenious
and resourceful. This cigar device is not only clever and original, but
it has been adapted to the special circumstances with remarkable
forethought. Thus the cheroot was selected, apparently, for two
excellent reasons: first, that it was the most likely form to be smoked
by the person intended, and second, that it did not require to have the
end cut off--which might have led to a discovery of the poison. The plan
also shows a certain knowledge of chemistry; the poison was not intended
merely to be dissolved in the moisture of the mouth. The idea evidently
was that the steam generated by the combustion of the leaf at the
distal end, would condense in the cooler part of the cigar and dissolve
the poison, and the solution would then be drawn into the mouth. Then
the nature of the poison and certain similarities of procedure seem to
identify X with the cyclist who used that ingenious bullet. The poison
in this case is a white, non-crystalline solid; the poison contained in
the bullet was a solution of a white, non-crystalline solid, which
analysis showed to be the most poisonous of all akaloids.
"The bullet was virtually a hypodermic syringe; the poison in this cigar
has been introduced, in the form of an alcoholic or ethereal solution,
by a hypodermic syringe. We shall thus be justified in assuming that the
bullet and the cigar came from the same person; and, if this be so, we
may say that X is a person of considerable knowledge, of great ingenuity
and no mean skill as a mechanician--as shown by the manufacture of the
bullet.
"These are our principal facts--to which we may add the surmise that he
has recently purchased a second-hand Blickensderfer of the literary form
or, at least, fitted with a literary typewheel."
"I don't quite see how you arrive at that," I said, in some surprise.
"It is merely a guess, you know," he replied, "though a probable one. In
the first place he is obviously unused to typing, as the numerous
mistakes show; therefore he has not had the machine very long. The type
is that which is peculiar to the Blickensderfer, and, in one of the
mistakes, an asterisk has been printed in place of a letter. But the
literary typewheel is the only one that has the asterisk. As to the age
of the machine, there are evident signs of wear, for some of the letters
have lost their sharpness, and this is most evident in the case of those
letters which are the most used--the 'e,' you will notice, for instance,
is much worn; and 'e' occurs more frequently than any other letter of
the alphabet. Hence the machine, if recently purchased, was bought
second-hand."
"But," I objected, "it may not have been his own machine at all."
"That is quite possible," answered Thorndyke, "though, considering the
secrecy that would be necessary, the probabilities are in favour of his
having bought it. But, in any case, we have here a means of identifying
the machine, should we ever meet with it."
He picked up the label and handed it to me, together with his pocket
lens.
"Look closely at the 'e' that we have been discussing; it occurs five
times; in 'Thorndyke,' in 'Bench,' in 'Inner,' and in 'Temple.' Now in
each case you will notice a minute break in the loop, just at the
summit. That break corresponds to a tiny dent in the type--caused,
probably, by its striking some small, hard object."
"I can make it out quite distinctly," I said, "and it should be a most
valuable point for identification."
"It should be almost conclusive," Thorndyke replied, "especially when
joined to other facts that would be elicited by a search of his
premises. And now let us just recapitulate the facts which our friend X
has placed at our disposal.
"First: X is a person concerning whom I possess certain exclusive
information.
"Second: He has some knowledge of my personal habits.
"Third: He is a man of some means and social position.
"Fourth: He is a man of considerable knowledge, ingenuity and mechanical
skill.
"Fifth: He has probably purchased, quite recently, a second-hand 'Blick'
fitted with a literary typewheel. "Sixth: That machine, whether his
own or some other person's property, can be identified by a
characteristic mark on the small 'e.'
"If you will note down those six points and add that X is probably an
expert cyclist and a fairly good shot with a rifle, you may possibly be
able, presently, to complete the equation, X = ?"
"I am afraid," I said, "I do not possess the necessary data; but I
suspect you do, and if it is so, I repeat that it is your duty to
society--to say nothing of your clients, whose interests would suffer by
your death--to have this fellow laid by the heels before he does any
mischief."
"Yes; I shall have to interfere if he becomes really troublesome, but I
have reasons for wishing to leave him alone at present."
"You do really know who he is, then?"
"Well, I think I can solve the equation that I have just offered to you
for solution. You see, I have certain data, as you suggest, which you do
not possess. There is, for instance, a certain ingenious gentleman
concerning whom I hold what I believe to be exclusive information, and
my knowledge of him does not make it appear unlikely that he might be
the author of these neat little plans."
"I am much impressed," I said, as I put away my notebook, after having
jotted down the points that Thorndyke had advised me to consider--"I am
much impressed by your powers of observation and your capacity for
reasoning from apparently trivial data; but I do not see, even now, why
you viewed that cigar with such immediate and decided suspicion. There
was nothing actually to suggest the existence of poison in it, and yet
you seemed to form the suspicion at once and to search for it as though
you expected to find it."
"Yes," replied Thorndyke; "to a certain extent you are right. The idea
of a poisoned cigar was not new to me--and thereby hangs a tale."
He laughed softly and gazed into the fire with eyes that twinkled with
quiet amusement. "You have heard me say," he resumed, after a short
pause, "that when I first took these chambers I had practically nothing
to do. I had invented a new variety of medico-legal practice and had to
build it up by slow degrees, and the natural consequence was that, for a
long time, it yielded nothing but almost unlimited leisure. Now, that
leisure was by no means wasted, for I employed it in considering the
class of cases in which I was likely to be employed, and in working out
theoretical examples; and seeing that crimes against the person have
nearly always a strong medical interest, I gave them special attention.
For instance, I planned a series of murders, selecting royal personages
and great ministers as the victims, and on each murder I brought to bear
all the special knowledge, skill and ingenuity at my command. I inquired
minutely into the habits of my hypothetical victims; ascertained who
were their associates, friends, enemies and servants; considered their
diet, their residences, their modes of conveyance, the source of their
clothing and, in fact, everything which it was necessary to know in
order to achieve their deaths with certainty and with absolute safety to
the murderer."
"How deeply gratified and flattered those great personages would have
felt," I remarked, "if they had known how much attention they were
receiving."
"Yes; I suppose it would have been somewhat startling, to the Prime
Minister, for instance, to have learned that he was being watched and
studied by an attentive observer and that the arrangements for his
decease had been completed down to the minutest detail. But, of course,
the application of the method to a particular case was the essential
thing, for it brought into view all the incidental difficulties, in
meeting which all the really interesting and instructive details were
involved. Well, the particulars of these crimes I wrote out at length,
in my private shorthand, in a journal which I kept for the purpose--and
which, I need not say, I locked up securely in my safe when I was not
using it. After completing each case, it was my custom to change sides
and play the game over again from the opposite side of the board; that
is to say, I added, as an appendix to each case, an analysis with a
complete scheme for the detection of the crime. I have in my safe at the
present moment six volumes of cases, fully indexed; and I can assure you
that they are not only highly instructive reading, but are really
valuable as works of reference."
"That I can readily believe," I replied, laughing heartily,
nevertheless, at the grotesqueness of the whole proceeding, "though they
might have proved rather incriminating documents if they had passed out
of your possession."
"They would never have been read," rejoined Thorndyke. "My shorthand is,
I think, quite undecipherable; it has been so made intentionally with a
view to secrecy."
"And have any of your theoretical cases ever turned up in real life?"
"Several of them have, though very imperfectly planned and carried out
as a rule. The poisoned cigar is one of them, though, of course I
should never have adopted such a conspicuous device for presenting it;
and the incident of the other night is a modification--for the worse--of
another. In fact, most of the intricate and artistic crimes with which I
have had to deal professionally have had their more complete and
elaborate prototypes in my journals."
I was silent for some time, reflecting on the strange personality of my
gifted friend and the singular fitness that he presented for the part he
had chosen to play in the drama of social life; but presently my
thoughts returned to the peril that overshadowed him, and I came back,
once more, to my original question.
"And now, Thorndyke," I said, "that you have penetrated both the motives
and the disguise of this villain, what are you going to do? Is he to be
put safely under lock and key, or is he to be left in peace and security
to plan some other, and perhaps more successful, scheme for your
destruction?"
"For the present," replied Thorndyke, "I am going to put these things in
a place of safety. To-morrow you shall come with me to the hospital and
see me place the ends of the cigar in the custody of Dr. Chandler, who
will make an analysis and report on the nature of the poison. After that
we shall act in whatever way seems best."
Unsatisfactory as this conclusion appeared, I knew it was useless to
raise further objections, and, accordingly, when the cigar with its
accompanying papers and wrappings had been deposited in a drawer, we
dismissed it, if not from our thoughts, at least from our conversation.